To describe gynecologic (GYN) resident practice patterns and learning curves at a single academic institution as they prepare for the Essential in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery (EMIGS) manual skills exam and compare their performance metrics during practice to those of
GLP-1 drugs: New warning after rise in reported deaths from pancreatitis
A new safety warning to doctors and patients around a rare but potentially fatal side effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists has been issued by UK regulators.Sold under brands like Ozempic, Wegovy, and Mounjaro, GLP-1 injections are for weight
Economic evaluation of a novel dual-energy, large focal lattice-tip catheter versus conventional contact-force sensing radiofrequency catheter, for persistent atrial fibrillation ablation, from the English National Health Service perspective
Introduction Persistent atrial fibrillation (PersAF) presents a significant clinical and economic burden and is associated with poorer outcomes after catheter ablation compared with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF). Pulsed field ablation (PFA) has emerged as a new form of energy modality
Correction to “Self‐collected vaginal specimens for human papillomavirus testing and guidance on screening exit: An update to the American Cancer Society cervical cancer screening guideline”
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Bridging behaviour and genomics for tsetse fly control
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 29 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00932-8 In this Journal Club, Daniel Masiga recalls a 1986 publication by C. H. Green, which revealed how colour and odour cues influence tsetse fly (Glossina spp.) attraction, and a 2019 study
[Editorial] Resident doctors: an investment in the future of the NHS
Doctors are integral to realising the UK’s ambitious 10-year plan for the National Health Service (NHS) and improving the nation’s health, but the past year has been marked by repeated strikes in England and escalating tension between the government and
Frederick Edwin Willmott
bmj;392/jan29_12/s188/FAF1faFred was born in Beeston, Nottingham, and attended Henry Mellish grammar school before training at Guy’s Hospital, qualifying in 1964. Following posts in Nottingham he joined the Royal Navy and had several postings, including to Singapore. On discharge from the
Symptom burden and secondary prevention in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction after acute myocardial infarction: a nationwide register-based study in Sweden
Background There is a lack of contemporary data describing patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction post myocardial infarction (MI) in terms of symptom burden and secondary prevention measures. The aim of this study was to describe patients with various
Anbenitamab is a new second-line option in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-026-01124-3 Anbenitamab is a new second-line option in G/GEJ adenocarcinoma
Vaginal microbiota in late pregnancy associates with the outcomes of planned induced labor: a multicenter prospective cohort study
To explore the impact of the vaginal microbiota prior to delivery on the maternal and fetal outcomes of planned induced labor through metagenomic sequencing and genome-wide association studies (GWAS).
Emergence and evolution of protein-coding de novo genes
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 28 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00929-9 De novo gene evolution entails the birth of new genes from previously non-coding DNA. In this Review, Bornberg-Bauer and Eicholt overview how protein-coding de novo genes are identified, the mechanistic and
[Editorial] Call for letters
With the start of 2026, we are looking back at what we achieved last year and ahead to the coming year. One highlight of the coming year includes the 25-year anniversary of our first issue being published. Infectious diseases as
Royal colleges leave X because of “harmful content and abusive behaviour”
Two royal colleges representing more than 50 000 medical professionals1 have chosen to stop posting on the social media platform X.And a third has told The BMJ it is reviewing its use of social media channels.The Royal College of Anaesthetists
Danish evaluation of Your Heart Forecast: a cluster randomised controlled trial aimed at improving modifiable risk factors of CVD
Objectives To evaluate if an intervention to improve health literacy, using the risk communication tool ‘Your Heart Forecast’ and informative e-mails, can lower patients’ blood pressure (BP) and total cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein ratio (TC/HDL). Design A cluster randomised controlled
ACR–ACNM–ARS–SNMMI–SPR Practice Parameter for Treatment of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Disease With I-131 Sodium Iodide
Objectives: This practice parameter was developed collaboratively by the American College of Radiology (ACR), the American College of Nuclear Medicine (ACNM), the American Radium Society (ARS), the Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI), and the Society for Pediatric
Prepregnancy maternal body mass index and shoulder dystocia (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
Written in our genes, epigenetically edited by infection
Nature Genetics, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02490-x Understanding how infections reshape the human immune system requires integration of environmental, genetic and cellular sources of variability. Wang et al. leverage natural infection as a shared perturbation to reveal how genetic
Long non-coding RNAs as orchestrators of dosage compensation
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 27 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00934-6 In this Journal Club, Hodkinson and Larschan recall a 2002 paper by Meller and Rattner that used the power of Drosophila genetics to demonstrate the integral role of long non-coding RNAs
JAMA
US measles outbreak gives “real world” data on the unvaccinated, CDC vaccine chair says, as he questions polio ȷab
The current wave of measles cases in the US provides an opportunity to see what the disease does to the unvaccinated, the new head of the government’s vaccine advisory group says.In a wide ranging talk Kirk Milhoan, head of the
Minimally invasive versus conventional mitral valve surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials
Background The benefits of minimally invasive mitral valve surgery (MIMVS) compared with conventional approaches (CMVS, conventional mitral valve surgery) remain controversial. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the short-term benefits between these approaches. Objective To evaluate the
Carbohydrate antigen 125: promising diagnostic biomarker in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Despite the widespread implementation of heart failure (HF) management in routine clinical practice, clinicians still face major challenges in achieving precise and cost-effective diagnoses of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF).1 2 The conventional HFA-PEFF (Heart Failure Association Pre-test assessment,
A quantitative trait locus for reduced microglial APOE expression associates with reduced cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Nature Genetics, Published online: 26 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02472-z A quantitative trait locus for reduced microglial APOE expression associates with reduced cerebral amyloid angiopathy
Nature loss threatens UK national security, intelligence chiefs warn
The collapse of global ecosystems poses a high risk to the UK’s national security and prosperity, government intelligence leaders have warned.A new report, Global Biodiversity Loss, Ecosystem Collapse and National Security,1 says that the “severe degradation or collapse” of ecosystems
Evidence of brain injury in fetuses of mothers with preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm premature rupture of membranes (Letter-to-the-Editor)
Focus on acute coronary syndrome: mechanisms, diagnosis, management of cardiogenic shock, and new therapeutic targets
For the podcast associated with this article, please visit https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/pages/Podcasts.
The quintessential role for CAR T cell therapy in children, adolescents and young adults with cancer
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 23 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01115-w This Review outlines the fundamental role of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for children, adolescents and young adults (CAYAs) with relapsed and/or refractory B cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia,
Endometriosis and early pregnancy outcomes: a registry-based cohort study in Finland
Understanding of the impact of endometriosis on adverse early pregnancy outcomes has evolved in recent decades and has been partly attributed to endocrine dysfunction and chronic inflammation. However, data from population-based cohort studies which include all pregnancy outcomes, with long-term
Single-cell atlas of the transcriptome and chromatin accessibility in the human retina
Nature Genetics, Published online: 23 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02454-1 Single-cell RNA sequencing and assay for transposase-accessible chromatin using sequencing profiling of human retinal samples from diverse ancestries create an epitranscriptomic atlas characterizing over 130 cell types. Integration with genome-wide association study
Wood burning stoves could carry cigarette style health warnings under new plans
Wood burning stoves could carry health warnings like those on cigarettes or alcohol under new plans announced by the government.Ministers are also considering imposing stricter limits on the emissions produced by new stoves, which would reduce the current cap by
Advanced Cardiogenic-shock Team versus standard care in cardiogenic SHOCK: a single centre service evaluation project
Background Cardiogenic shock (CS) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) carries high mortality. Early revascularisation improves survival, but the effect of structured multidisciplinary care on outcomes remains underexplored. Methods and results ACT-SHOCK is a service evaluation at a UK tertiary cardiac
Diagnosis, risk stratification and management of smouldering multiple myeloma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 22 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-026-01119-0 Increased understanding of the biology of smouldering multiple myeloma (SMM) is being leveraged to improve the management of this clinically heterogeneous precursor of MM. This Review describes the current diagnostic
Florid Cystic Endosalpingiosis: Recognizing a Rare, Benign Entity in Uterine Pathology
Central role of glycosylation processes in human genetic susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infections with Omicron variants
Nature Genetics, Published online: 22 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02484-9 Genome-wide analyses identify 13 loci associated with susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants, including variation in ST6GAL1, previously associated with influenza susceptibility, and other genes involved in glycosylation processes.
Large-scale spatial profiling of the tumor microenvironment
Multiplex immunofluorescence proteomics is a powerful method in spatial biology to decipher cell types, states, and architecture in tissues. In this issue of Cell, Valanarasu et al. develop GigaTIME, an expansive population-scale analysis of the tumor immune microenvironment of over
[Editorial] Advancing health care: the engine of India’s ambitions
India is on a bold journey towards Viksit Bharat, with an aim to transform itself into a developed nation (with high-middle-income status) by 2047, 100 years after gaining independence. India has tremendous assets to help achieve this goal: rapid economic
A BMJ commission on the future of the doctor and doctoring
The crisis in the UK’s medical workforce will be helped by new legislation that prioritises UK graduates for medical training places (doi:10.1136/bmj.s78).1 Helped, but not solved. The legislation will fix some issues and introduce new ones, particularly for international medical
Incidence rate and risk factors of arrhythmias in patients with psoriatic arthritis
Objectives To assess the incidence and risk factors for arrhythmias in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Methods We performed a cohort analysis of patients followed prospectively from 1994 to 2024. Participants were evaluated using standard protocols at 6-to-12-month intervals. The
At a glance
Corneal multifocality after penetrating keratoplasty or deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty is associated with intraocular lens power calculation error (see page 133) This study evaluated IOL calculation accuracy in eyes after PK or DALK and found that discrepancies between subjective and
A case for speculative non-ideal theory in medical ethics
Medical ethics is often regarded as the most practical branch of philosophy, grounded as it is in the everyday realities of clinical care and health policy. Yet from its inception, it has been replete with analyses of speculative technologies and
Challenges with, and potential solutions for, mediation analyses
Mediation analyses encompass a variety of approaches with the goal of understanding pathways through which exposures impact outcomes via an intermediary variable(s).1 2 While approaches to assess mediation have existed for more than a century,3 potential outcomes (PO) (or counterfactual)
Requiring general oral examinations for subspecialists (Letter-to-the-Editor)
Multi-trait and multi-ancestry genetic analysis of comorbid lung diseases and traits improves genetic discovery and polygenic risk prediction
Nature Genetics, Published online: 21 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02470-1 Multi-trait genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with comorbid lung diseases. Polygenic scores leveraging shared components of heritable risk improve prediction of asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung cancer in a multi-ancestry
From tumor metabolism to brain circuits: METTL14 as a SAM sensor driving pain-depression in pancreatic cancer
Our knowledge gaps regarding the mechanisms driving the varied signs and symptoms associated with malignancies are quickly being filled. In this edition, Yang et al. discover a critical connection linking pancreatic cancer and its associated comorbidities—pain and depression.
[Editorial] The value of patient experience in multiple sclerosis research
The number of therapies approved to treat multiple sclerosis has grown substantially over the past 20 years, yet many people living with the disease continue to have symptoms that are not adequately controlled. Traditionally, what matters to patients has not
[Editorial] Reducing alcohol dependence: step one
On Nov 28, 2025, the UK Government released the first UK clinical guidelines for alcohol treatment. These guidelines are intended for clinicians and practitioners working across health-care settings, both specialist and primary care, with the aim of improving the quality
JAMA
Primary survey: highlights from this issue
As 2026 gets underway, we continue to confront both age-old clinical unknowns and evolving system pressures that shape the daily work of emergency departments (EDs). February 2026’s Emergency Medicine Journal brings together two high-quality research papers and a powerful commentary.
Home births: NHS trusts told to review services urgently after deaths
NHS hospitals in England have been told to “urgently review” the safety of their home birth services following a coroner’s report into the deaths of a mother and baby in Manchester.The recommendation from NHS England comes after the senior coroner
Genetic testing in cardiomyopathies: do we need to redefine the UK national testing criteria?
Introduction Inherited cardiac conditions, including dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), may have a monogenic cause identified through genetic testing (GT). Confirmation of pathogenic gene variants can have important implications for the patient and their relatives. The UK National
Engineering AI co-scientists for statistical genetics applications
Nature Genetics, Published online: 20 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02487-6 AI co-scientists can act as virtual research collaborators in statistical genetics, accelerating genetic discovery and translation. Realizing this potential depends on robust domain-specific data and infrastructures, together with interdisciplinary teamwork to build
CORRECTION: Exposure to sugar rationing in first 1000 days after conception and long term cardiovascular outcomes: natural experiment study
In this paper by Zheng and colleagues (BMJ 2025;391:e083890, doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-083890, published 22 October 2025), the data sharing statement was corrected after publication to add a direct link to the dataset in the Github open access repository.
Dental agenesis as a novel phenotypical feature associated with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer in China
Background Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC) is an autosomal dominant gastric cancer associated with germline CDH1 mutations. Carriers of CDH1 mutations have a higher risk of developing gastric cancer at a younger age, highlighting the need for a phenotypic feature
How doctors present treatment options in advanced lung cancer consultations: a conversation analytic study
Background To facilitate shared decision-making (SDM), it is important that doctors clearly present the decision to be made and the available treatment options to the patient. This study explored how treatment options after first-line therapy were presented in advanced lung
First global status report on drowning prevention identifies opportunities to scale up efforts
Although Friday the 13th may be viewed as unlucky for some, Friday the 13th of December 2024 was an historic moment for global drowning prevention efforts. It saw the release of the first Global Status Report on Drowning Prevention by
Author Correction: Advances in the management of localized bladder cancers
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-026-01121-6 Author Correction: Advances in the management of localized bladder cancers
Diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum by the ‘Rail’ and ‘Tramline’ signs: similar names but different techniques and topography
Exploring and visualizing stratified GWAS results with PheWeb2
Nature Genetics, Published online: 19 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02469-8 Exploring and visualizing stratified GWAS results with PheWeb2
FDA removes web page warning of dangers of unproved autism treatments
US officials have confirmed that a government web page warning about the risks of unproved therapies claiming to treat autism has been taken down.The Food and Drug Administration’s (FDA) page, which told consumers to beware of false autism “cures” promoted
Evaluating the efficacy of aerobic exercise as therapy for depression and anxiety in women with PCOS: a systematic review
Objective This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of exercise interventions in alleviating depression and anxiety symptoms in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Data sources PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, SportDiscus, EMBASE and Web of Science databases were searched
Exacerbation-related burden in patients with severe asthma in South Korea: a population-based cohort study
Background The burden of severe asthma due to asthma exacerbation is increasing. However, recent studies identifying exacerbation-related disease burden among patients with severe asthma in South Korea are lacking. Objective To evaluate the burden of asthma exacerbations in patients with
How epistemic trust, mistrust and credulity relate to mental health, personality pathology, treatment engagement and relationship in psychotherapeutic and psychiatric settings
Background Epistemic trust describes the capacity to appropriately identify others as reliable and relevant sources of information, an ability closely linked to attachment and social learning. Epistemic disruption can manifest as heightened suspicion (mistrust) or excessive reliance (credulity) vis-à-vis others,
Rolling on
Sports medicine could be likened to riding a bike: sure, you have to have some talent and passion to get into it in the beginning, but to get good or improve, it takes hours of dedication, getting up and going
Towards generalisable and equitable artificial intelligence in pathology
Artificial intelligence (AI) has reached an inflexion point in diagnostic pathology. Convolutional neural networks and foundation models trained on millions of histopathology images have the potential to place AI alongside traditional diagnostic tools. These models detect cancer, distinguish histological subtypes,
Atoms
Sucrose in spoonfuls October 1949. Year 8 redbrick classroom: late afternoon, mid England. ‘Adams, that’s extra lines in detention’ shrieked the head of year, perspiration gleaming on his pate, his quivering, now quite ample paunch failing to disguise the decline
Adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and gastroesophageal junction: The evolving treatment landscape for locally advanced and metastatic disease in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitors and biomarker‐driven therapeutics
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Harnessing civil society to promote social inclusion of people with severe mental illness
World Psychiatry, Volume 25, Issue 1, Page 83-84, February 2026.
Methodologic and analytic considerations in the CANDLE trial of ibrexafungerp for recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
When I use a word . . . Medical anniversaries in 2026: William Withering’s Botany
William WitheringMy list of medically related anniversaries for 2026 includes the 250th anniversary of the publication in 1776 of William Withering’s book The botanical arrangement of all the vegetables naturally growing in Great Britain.William Withering was born on 17 March
Severe aortic stenosis detection using seismocardiography
Background Patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS) are at high risk of mortality, regardless of symptom status. Despite this, aortic valve replacement rates remain low for patients with severe AS due to challenges in identifying clinically significant AS in time.
Development and external validation of machine learning approaches for risk prediction of cardiovascular disease in individuals with schizophrenia: a nationwide Swedish and Danish study
Background Currently available cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk prediction tools may underestimate the risk in individuals with schizophrenia. Objective To develop and externally validate 5-year CVD risk prediction models for people with schizophrenia using large-scale register data in Sweden and Denmark
Association of genetic variation with age at diagnosis in type 1 diabetes
Introduction Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease with a strong genetic basis. The aim of this study was to identify additional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for type 1 diabetes age at diagnosis and to replicate previously identified loci. Research design
Managing persistent and recurrent candidiasis due to fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and non-Candida albicans yeasts
Rates of fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and non-C. albicans yeasts are increasing in the UK. In Leeds, between 2018–2019 and 2020–2021, the percentage of non-C. albicans yeasts rose from 6.0% to 12.6% and fluconazole dose-dependent/resistant isolates increased from 3.5% to 9.6%.1
MicroRNAs in oncology: a translational perspective in the era of AI
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01114-x Despite well-established roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) as tumour suppressors or oncogenes, miRNA-based diagnostics, prognostic tools and treatments have yet to be incorporated into routine oncology practice. In this Review, the
Probiotics for the treatment of vulvovaginal candidiasis in non-pregnant women: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Vulvovaginal candidiasis and recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis significantly impair women’s quality of life and psychological well-being. Although numerous randomized controlled trials have explored probiotics as alternative or adjunctive therapies, their clinical efficacy remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis systematically assessed the therapeutic value
Bringing methylation profile scores to early life
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 15 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-026-00930-w Population epigenetics leverages methylation profile scores (MPSs) to aggregate information across multiple DNA methylation sites. In this Comment, the authors advocate for MPSs to be trained in early-life contexts, anchored in
Improving prevention: traditional and non-traditional risk factors
[Editorial] The rise of China’s research: a global opportunity
China has established itself as a global research superpower. Official data show that total research and development expenditure in 2024 exceeded 3·6 trillion yuan (roughly US$520 billion), up 8·3% from 2023, despite economic slowdowns, reflecting an unwavering commitment to science
Disproportionate referrals of IMGs and ethnic minority doctors fall “significantly,” GMC says
Progress has been made in reducing the “collective shame” of disproportionate employer referrals of doctors from ethnic minority backgrounds or who qualified outside the UK, the doctors’ regulator says.1The General Medical Council says the proportion of employers with excess referrals
Passive smoke exposure as an intergenerational risk factor for lung health
The WHO, at the recent Second Global Conference on Air Pollution and Health, reinforced the need to accelerate action for clean air.1 Evidence of the adverse health effects of air pollution is overwhelming, including respiratory conditions in both children and
Abortion skills and workforce 50 years on: an ageing workforce in need of rejuvenation
The UK is sometimes portrayed as the abortion capital of Europe. While this should be celebrated as a mark of the excellent care provided to people in the UK (and to others who come to us from more restrictive jurisdictions),
Preventing the preventable: addressing fatal neck lacerations in ice hockey and the urgent need for mandatory protection
Introduction Ice hockey is a fast-paced, physically demanding team sport that is characterised by its intensity, agility and toughness. Nonetheless, the inherent risks associated with this sport are notably due to the use of skates with sharp blades. While the
Social inclusion of people with severe mental illness: a review of current practices, evidence and unmet needs, and future directions
Social inclusion means being able to participate in activities valued within one’s community or wider society as one would wish. People with severe mental illness (i.e., psychoses, bipolar disorder, and severe depression) experience some of the highest rates of social
Cancer statistics, 2026: Charting a course for a national cancer research agenda
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Medical training posts bill: UK graduates will be prioritised, but critics flag lack of clarity on IMGs
Ministers have set out legislation to prioritise UK medical graduates for medical training places to help curb soaring competition for training posts.The Medical Training (Prioritisation) Bill1 aims to tackle “the choked recruitment system” that has led to UK trained doctors
Pursuit of precision oncology in the treatment of metastatic hormone receptor–positive breast cancer: Making strides or barely moving?
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Dating the mitochondrion’s arrival
Nature Genetics, Published online: 13 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02493-8 Dating the mitochondrion’s arrival
Monitoring biological effects of somatic cell genome editing
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 13 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00916-0 CRISPR-based genome editing therapeutics are entering the clinic, but in vitro and in vivo tools are needed to assess their safety and efficacy. The authors review complementary technologies to monitor the
Change and flow
The water you touch in a river is the last of that which has passed and the first of that which is coming. Thus it is with time present.—Leonardo da Vinci
JAMA
Editors’ commentary
‘Mind the gap’ is a familiar announcement to anyone who has travelled on the trains in the UK or on the London Underground. The gap being referred to—’between the train and the platform edge’—varies between stations but sometimes is an
Mental health research for a world in climate crisis
The accelerating climate crisis is reshaping not only the physical world but also the psychological landscapes in which individuals and communities attempt to live, learn and adapt.1 2 However, a paucity of psychiatric studies on mental disorders associated with climate
Iran: Doctors come under attack as hospitals “overwhelmed”
Doctors in Tehran are under attack, hospitals are “overwhelmed,” and human rights groups say that hundreds of people have been killed—with some reports saying the toll could be in the thousands1—as the Iranian security forces opened fire on anti-regime protesters.The
Epstein-Barr virus reactivation as a trigger in autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy
Autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy is a rare Central Nervous System (CNS) inflammatory disorder, first defined in 2016 and identified by GFAP-IgG in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Its rarity makes large-scale studies nearly impossible, so each well-designed case series
Decoding the spatial dynamics of tumor and immune cell interactions in solid cancers
The spatial landscape of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) is under significant investigation as a driver of immunotherapy resistance in solid tumors. Most work centers on constituent immune cells within intra-tumoral niches, overlooking tumor cell phenotypes. Yet cancer cells shape
Addressing the limitations of observational studies on native-tissue apical prolapse surgery with hysterectomy or hysteropexy (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
Journeys of hope
Nature Genetics, Published online: 12 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02466-x Inequities in access to cancer diagnostics and care are a reality for millions globally. Despite rapid advances in personalized medicine, these will not benefit most patients in the global south if we
Clinicians to sit in on probation meetings in some areas to help cut reoffending
NHS clinicians will take part in probation meetings with offenders as part of a drive to reduce reoffending in parts of England.Under a new pilot scheme in England, health professionals—primarily mental health nurses, with oversight from GPs—will sit in on
Age-stratified analysis of descending aorta diameter in traumatic massive hemorrhage: a machine learning approach
Background Aortic diameter (AoD) changes with age and can decrease in shock states. Accurate AoD assessment is crucial for managing hypovolemic shock and guiding interventions such as resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta. This study hypothesized that clinical factors
A patient with newly diagnosed breast cancer found to have mosaic TP53 likely pathogenic variant
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Apples and Oranges? Baseline Imbalance in Hysteropexy vs Hysterectomy Comparisons (Letter-to-the-Editor)
Obstetric anal sphincter injuries in spontaneous vaginal births in nulliparous pregnant individuals: a 21-year cohort study based on real-world data (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
De novo and inherited dominant variants in U4 and U6 snRNA genes cause retinitis pigmentosa
Nature Genetics, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02451-4 De novo and inherited dominant variants in genes encoding U4 and U6 small nuclear RNAs are identified in individuals with retinitis pigmentosa. The variants cluster at nucleotide positions distinct from those implicated
Whole-genome spatial transcriptomic imaging with RAEFISH
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 09 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00926-y In this Tools of the Trade article, Yubao Cheng discusses the development of RAEFISH (reverse-padlock amplicon-encoding fluorescence in situ hybridization), a method that enables spatial transcriptomics with both single-molecule spatial resolution
[Editorial] Responding to declining global fertility rates
The levying of a 13% tax on condoms sold in China from Jan 1 is the country’s latest policy aimed at reversing its falling total fertility rate (TFR; the average number of children a woman might expect to have in
Anti-amyloid antibodies for Alzheimer’s disease are not truly disease modifying
Australia has approved controversial Alzheimer’s drug lecanemab after two rejections.1 The amyloid hypothesis posits that amyloid is the cause of Alzheimer’s disease and underpins claims that anti-amyloid antibodies such as lecanemab and donanemab are “disease modifying.”23 The implication is that
From structural heart lesions to host burden: changing epidemiology and outcomes of native valve infective endocarditis, a nationwide study, 2006-2023
Background The epidemiology of native valve infective endocarditis (IE) has shifted toward older adults with substantial comorbidity burdens, yet contemporary nationwide data on outcomes and surgical impact remain limited. Methods We conducted an 18-year nationwide cohort study of adults hospitalised
Correction: Response to: Correspondence on ‘Estimated sodium intake and premature ventricular complexes: data from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study by Campbell
Johnson LS, Economou Lundeberg J, Wuopio J, et al. Response to: Correspondence on ‘Estimated sodium intake and premature ventricular complexes: data from the population-based Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage study’ by Campbell. Heart 2025;111:741–43. This letter was updated post-publication in response to
Reverse engineering the beat: Assembloid modeling of sympathetic control of the heart
Liu et al. generate human sympathetic ganglion organoids and assemble them with heart-forming organoids to build functionally connected sympathetic-cardiac organoids in vitro. Their platform captures autonomic development, neuromodulation of heart function, and metabolic injury, opening new opportunities to study human
A tribute upon the passing of Dr Edward J. Quilligan
It is a true honor to have the opportunity to comment and provide a personal perspective at the time of the passing of one of the greatest figures in the history of obstetrics and gynecology, Dr Edward J. Quilligan (Ted).
Linking the plasma proteome to genetics in individuals from continental Africa provides insights into type 2 diabetes pathogenesis
Nature Genetics, Published online: 08 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02421-w This study uses a high-dimensional proteomics panel to explore protein-level genetic associations with type 2 diabetes in a Ugandan cohort.
[Editorial] Aligning diabetes surveillance with clinical reality
The global prevalence of diabetes continues to rise, making it one of the main non-communicable diseases worldwide. For decades, global surveillance has focused on incidence, prevalence, and mortality, reflecting traditional priorities in diabetes management such as diagnosis and glycaemic control.
A trunkload of ancient RNA
Ancient DNA has become a workhorse for evolutionary biologists. In contrast, ancient RNA studies have been rare and often methodologically controversial. Mármol-Sánchez et al. provide compelling evidence that aRNA survived up to ca. 50,000 years in permafrost-preserved mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius)
Correction: RNA-binding protein RALY reprogrammes mitochondrial metabolism via mediating miRNA processing in colorectal cancer
Sun L, Wan A, Zhou Z, et al. RNA-binding protein RALY reprogrammes mitochondrial metabolism via mediating miRNA processing in colorectal cancer. Gut 2021;70:1698-1712. This article was corrected after publication due to incorrect tumour images in the supplementary material. In Supplemental
AI: Algorithm that performs prescription renewals “better than doctors” approved in world first
An artificial intelligence is now allowed legally to participate in clinical decisions over prescription renewals.The approval, made in the US state of Utah, is a global first, the company behind the technology, Doctronic, told The BMJ.In a pilot programme, Doctronic’s
Improvised shunt for combined ipsilateral traumatic radial and ulnar artery injury
Effects of upadacitinib or adalimumab on pain in rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis: results from randomised phase 3 studies
Introduction Patients with rheumatoid (RA) or psoriatic (PsA) arthritis can experience debilitating pain. Methods Post hoc analyses of phase 3, double-blind studies in patients with active disease despite treatment (SELECT-COMPARE, SELECT-PsA 1) assessed the effects of upadacitinib or adalimumab versus
A guide to cancer screening
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 07 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01112-z Cancer screening aims to identify either pre-malignant conditions or earlier-stage disease in non-symptomatic individuals. The authors of this Review recapitulate the general principles of cancer screening, discussing the current screening
Resuscitative Cesarean Delivery: Prioritizing Team Preparedness for One of the Most Challenging Obstetric Emergencies
Resuscitative cesarean delivery, previously perimortem cesarean delivery, is one of the rarest, yet physically and emotionally demanding procedures in obstetrics. Maternal cardiac arrest occurs in approximately 1 in 12,000 delivery admissions1, with frequent delays initiating interventions. Despite clear recommendations by
Protein–protein interactions shape trans-regulatory impact of genetic variation on protein expression and complex traits
Nature Genetics, Published online: 07 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02449-y Protein quantitative trait loci show enrichment of trans effects among proteins in the same interaction networks and among missense variants at interaction interfaces, highlighting pathways impacted by trait-associated variants.
Focus on arrhythmias: cardiac endogenous transmitter systems, atrial fibrillation, and short QT and Brugada syndromes
For the podcast associated with this article, please visit https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/pages/Podcasts.
How astrocytes regulate microglia in CNS injury: BST2-high astrocytes at the border
In this issue of Neuron, Zhang et al. identified a subset of BST2-high astrocytes that emerge at the ischemic injury border and promote microglial recruitment through the C3-C3aR pathway. These findings highlight BST2 as a key modulator of astrocyte-microglia communication
[Editorial] Keeping children and young people safe in all their spaces
A staggering 1·01 billion individuals aged 15 years and older reported being exposed to sexual violence during childhood, according to new analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2023 of the health burden associated with sexual violence against
Strong association between psychiatric disorders co-occurrence and dementia: a Bayesian approach on a 14-year clinical data warehouse
Background Psychiatric disorders alone are associated with an increased risk of developing dementia. However, the relationship between co-occurring psychiatric disorders and dementia odds remains unclear. This study aimed to assess the odds of dementia (all types) among individuals with several
RFK slashes US vaccines for children as medical groups threaten legal action
US health authorities will cut from 17 to 11 the number of vaccines recommended for children, says the health secretary, Robert F Kennedy Jr.1Under the new guidance, vaccines for measles, mumps, rubella, polio, pertussis, tetanus, diphtheria, Haemophilus influenzae type B,
Machine learning-based cardiovascular risk calculator for non-cardiac surgery
Background Annually, 4% of the global population undergoes non-cardiac surgery, with 30% of those patients having at least one cardiovascular risk factor. It is estimated that the 30-day mortality is between 0.5% and 2%. The main objective of this study
Gut microbiome in biliary atresia
Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive cholangiopathy of infancy and the leading cause of pediatric liver transplantation. Despite surgical intervention with the Kasai portoenterostomy, long-term outcomes remain poor, with many patients progressing to cirrhosis. Emerging evidence implicates the gut microbiota—a
Base-edited CAR7 T cells are safe and efficacious in R/R T-ALL
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01118-7 Base-edited CAR7 T cells are safe and efficacious in R/R T-ALL
Pregnancy outcomes following medical vs surgical treatment of tubal ectopic pregnancy: methodological considerations. (Reply to Letter to the Editor)
Author Correction: The Solve-RD Solvathons as a pan-European interdisciplinary collaboration to diagnose patients with rare disease
Nature Genetics, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02500-y Author Correction: The Solve-RD Solvathons as a pan-European interdisciplinary collaboration to diagnose patients with rare disease
Confusion about energy and energy density in a 3-week trial of ultra-processed food
The complexity of nutrition and human behavior poses a major challenge to the study of diet-disease relationships, prompting some researchers to adopt a feeding study design. Conceptually, feeding studies provide an opportunity to isolate the effects of a single dietary
[Editorial] ACIP’s HBV birth-dose vaccine recommendations: a fiasco
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), a panel that advises the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on national vaccine policy, voted on Dec 5, 2025, to abandon recommendations for universal hepatitis B vaccination in newborns, revoking
JAMA
Ovarian cancer: Age based blood test thresholds proposed to improve diagnosis
Age based thresholds for blood tests to detect ovarian cancer should be introduced, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) has said.1NICE said its recommendation to replace the current one-size-fits-all test for ovarian cancer—made in new draft guidelines—should
Prehospital blood transfusion coalition core competencies for emergency medical services personnel
Diagnosis and management of neuroblastoma in children
Neuroblastoma constitutes the most common extracranial solid tumor encountered in children under 5 years of age. The clinical course is highly variable, ranging from spontaneous tumor regression in very young infants to a highly aggressive disease in older children. 5-year
Mortality trends in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in 27 countries within Europe from 2011 to 2021
Background Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) incurs significant mortality worldwide. Less is known about the burden in the last decade across Europe. We report trends and variations in mortality for patients with COPD across 27 European countries from 2011 to
Phase 1 dose-escalation study of IBI324, a VEGF-A/Ang-2 bispecific antibody, for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema
Objective To evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of IBI324, a vascular endothelial growth factor-A/angiopoietin-2 bispecific antibody, in participants with diabetic macular oedema (DME). Methods and analysis This multicentre, open-label, phase 1 dose-escalation clinical trial consisted of a single
Prevalence and anatomical distribution of MRI lesions in axSpA and differences between patients with and without peripheral involvement: results from the ASAS classification cohort
Objective To evaluate the prevalence and anatomical distribution of inflammatory and structural MRI lesions in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and compare these between patients with isolated axial involvement and those with peripheral manifestations. Methods Data from the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International
Advances in the management of localized bladder cancers
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01104-z The management of localized bladder cancers is rapidly evolving. In this Review, the authors discuss diagnostic innovations, refinements in surgical approaches and novel intravesical or systemic treatments such as immunotherapies
MultiSuSiE improves multi-ancestry fine-mapping in All of Us whole-genome sequencing data
Nature Genetics, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02450-5 MultiSuSiE is an extension of the Sum of Single Effects fine-mapping model that allows causal effect sizes to vary across ancestries. Applying MultiSuSiE to quantitative traits in All of Us identifies fine-mapped
A genomic and epigenomic view of human centromeres
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 06 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00923-1 The complex and repetitive nature of centromeres has historically posed challenges to their genomic assembly and functional understanding, which are now being overcome with long-read sequencing. This Review discusses recent genomic
Change to Open Access
For the Original Investigation titled “Once-Weekly Navepegritide in Children With Achondroplasia: the APPROACH Randomized Clinical Trial,” published on November 17, 2025, the publication status was changed to open access (CC-BY-NC-ND). This article was corrected online.
Is the chickenpox vaccine safe, and why is it now being offered to UK children?
As vaccine sceptic attitudes continue to spread in political groups on both sides of the Atlantic, the UK government is now offering vaccination against chickenpox.As of 2 January general practices in the UK will now offer a combined measles, mumps,
Prevalence of major structural congenital abnormalities detected on infant surface examination in Botswana, 2014-2022: a birth outcomes surveillance study
Background Population-level research focused on major congenital abnormalities (MCAs) in sub-Saharan Africa is needed. The Tsepamo study estimated the prevalence of MCAs evaluable on neonatal surface examinations in Botswana. Methods Data were collected from up to 18 government hospitals throughout
Mapping the disease interactome
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 05 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00922-2 In this Journal Club, Valborg Gudmundsdottir recalls a study by Menche et al., who used a network-based approach to systematically identify clusters of connections between disease-related proteins and elucidate the molecular
Heart failure and cardiomyopathies: mechanisms, risk prediction, and new therapeutic targets
Epidemiology of rugby injuries: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Objective To report pooled injury incidence rates stratified by rugby format, level of play, injury outcome and sex, and to identify the most common injury sites and types. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, Web of
MajesTEC results with teclistamab in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41571-025-01116-9 MajesTEC results with teclistamab in relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma
A breakage–replication/fusion process explains complex rearrangements and segmental DNA amplification
Nature Genetics, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02434-5 This paper introduces breakage–replication/fusion, a genomic rearrangement process underpinning three patterns of copy-number gains found in cancer and other diseases.
Gaza: Israel moves to ban dozens of aid groups in “cynical and calculated” move
Israel’s “cynical and calculated” threat to ban aid organisations from the Gaza Strip could leave Palestinians without lifesaving medical care, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) warns.New rules mean that international non-governmental organisations operating in Gaza need to provide Israeli officials with
Let the data speak — single-cell analysis with CellWhisperer
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 02 January 2026; doi:10.1038/s41576-025-00927-x In this Tools of the Trade article, Moritz Schaefer introduces CellWhisperer, a multimodal machine learning model and software tool for the chat-based interrogation of single-cell RNA sequencing datasets.
[Editorial] No health without peace
What will be the most pressing health challenge of 2026? Climate change? Artificial intelligence? Pandemics? Non-communicable diseases? These issues will continue to shape health and medicine. Yet across much of the world, conflict is a fundamental determinant of people’s health
Isolated fetal ventricular septal defect and chromosomal-genomic abnormalities: a prospective study
[Editorial] Lymphoma in the BiTE era
The development of bispecific antibodies to treat B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma has marked a substantial advance that offers new hope for patients. The bispecific T-cell engager epcoritamab joins a growing list of treatments for several lymphoma settings, with encouraging results presented
Artificial intelligence-based assessment of central aortic haemodynamics using non-invasive pulse wave analysis in constrictive pericarditis
Background Constrictive pericarditis (CP) is a rare but significant pericardial disease resulting in impaired ventricular filling and heart failure symptoms, often following cardiac surgery. Its clinical presentation complicates diagnosis, mimicking other causes of heart failure. Recent technological advances, including artificial
The rights and health of UK hunger strikers must be protected to prevent avoidable tragedy
Eight young people have recently been on hunger strike in UK prisons. This is the largest coordinated hunger strike in the UK for almost 50 years.1 At the time of writing, Heba Muraisi, Teuta Hoxha, and Kamran Ahmed have not
Mirtazapine or ondansetron for hyperemesis gravidarum. A randomized placebo-controlled trial
Hyperemesis gravidarum is a severe pregnancy complication, and ondansetron is recommended as a second line treatment despite lack of placebo-controlled trials. Case reports suggest that mirtazapine may be more effective, yet it has not been tested in a controlled trial.
An accidental scientist’s journey from an uncertain beginning to advancing neurogenetics research in Africa
Nature Genetics, Published online: 30 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02453-2 Being an African scientist, I had to overcome several challenges to generate substantial data that shed light on the complexity of genomic medicine in African populations and abroad.
Changes in myocardial blood flow and microvascular resistance in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing transcatheter aortic valve implantation
Background Severe aortic stenosis (AS) causes a pathophysiological cascade, which impairs myocardial blood flow. This effect is exacerbated in the presence of coronary disease (CAD). Treatment with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) may promote reversal of these pathophysiological conditions. Methods
Diabetes prevention: Almost a million people access NHS scheme
Almost one million people have signed up to a national diabetes prevention scheme, which has been shown to cut the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by more than a third.NHS England released details of its analysis on 30 December,
When the levee breaks: thresholds of hypoxic-ischemic injury and related costs (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
Aneuploidy-driven vulnerabilities in breast cancer metastasis
Nature Genetics, Published online: 29 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02444-3 A study reveals how chromosomal instability and resultant TP53 loss enhance fatty acid metabolism to drive breast cancer brain metastasis. This metabolic dependency provides new insights into therapeutic vulnerabilities of aneuploid tumors.
Opioid overdose reversal drug could be rolled out more widely in 2026
A new consultation on expanding access to naloxone—which reverses the effects of opioid overdoses—to homeless shelters and other key locations has been launched by the UK government.1Part of the plan includes the installation of publicly accessible emergency boxes, similar to
Interpreting p values and interval estimates based on practical relevance: guidance for the sports medicine clinician
Introduction Statistical methods are employed in medical research to estimate effects of treatments or health conditions across populations.1 2 This paper presents a framework to avoid common misinterpretations that undermine clinical decision-making.1 3 A convention in scientific articles is to
Formula milk: US retailers failed to remove recalled products after botulism outbreak, says FDA
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has accused several of America’s largest retail chains of “failing to remove” recalled infant formula products that have been linked to the country’s first official outbreak of infant botulism.The product in question, ByHeart
Reassessing Preventable Harm and Economic Drivers in Obstetric Care Quality (Letter-to-the-Editor)
Comprehensive genetic landscapes and clinical heterogeneity in nanophthalmos: new insights from a large Chinese cohort
Background Nanophthalmos is a rare ocular condition characterised by a significantly short axial length (AL) and high hyperopia, often associated with various complications. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the clinical and genetic features of nanophthalmos in
Global incidence of lip, oral cavity, and pharyngeal cancers: Disparities, determinants, and opportunities for prevention, early detection, and treatment
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
Development and validation of a deep learning model for severe mitral stenosis detection from chest X-rays
Background Although chest X-rays (CXRs) are widely used, diagnosing mitral stenosis (MS) based solely on CXR findings remains challenging in some cases. Objective This study aimed to develop a deep learning-based artificial intelligence (AI) model to detect MS using CXR.
A gut-to-brain pathway that limits protein intake
In this issue of Cell, Jaschke and Luchsinger et al. uncover a gut-to-brain signaling mechanism that dynamically shapes protein intake. During recovery from extreme fasting, ammonia derived from the metabolism of specific dietary amino acids is detected by Trpa1-expressing intestinal
[Editorial] A new year brings new opportunities
Data from Asthma+Lung UK reported in Feb, 2025, indicated that spirometry services in 2024 had insufficient testing capacity in 16 of 27 integrated care systems (ICSs) surveyed; they called for a £40 million investment to address the issue. These findings
Is cardiac auscultation still needed in a digital world?
In their interesting paper, Davidson et al1 studied the ability of auscultation to identify heart valve disease. They randomly selected participants in the Tromsø 7 study to undergo both cardiac auscultation (digitally recorded and then evaluated offline by trained general
When cardiology forgets to ask why
Contemporary cardiology faces a paradox: unprecedented technological capability coincides with declining scientific curiosity and clinical judgement. This manuscript examines the shift from question-driven, physiologic medicine to an approach dominated by procedural feasibility, commercial influence and algorithmic decision-making. Advances such as
ACR–ARS Practice Parameter for the Performance of Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy
Objectives: This practice parameter was revised collaboratively by the American College of Radiology (ACR) and American Radium Society (ARS). Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) precisely delivers higher dose(s) of radiation in 5 of fewer fractions, compared with conventional radiation. Given
Generative AI creates synthetic regulatory DNA sequences for precision gene control
Nature Genetics, Published online: 23 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02443-4 We developed DNA-Diffusion, a generative artificial intelligence (AI) method that creates synthetic regulatory elements showing enhanced activity. Multiple synthetic elements demonstrated superior cell-type-specific expression in computational predictions and episomal assays, and when
[Editorial] A sustainable future for HIV prevention
This issue includes three papers of a six-paper Series on Sustainable HIV Prevention in Africa, co-published with The Lancet Global Health. When this Series was conceived in 2024, the journal’s editors hoped it would provide a roadmap to help transitioning
JAMA
Long-term prognostic impact of in-hospital serum albumin concentration changes in patients hospitalised for heart failure
Background Malnutrition influences prognosis in patients with heart failure, but current nutritional evaluation methods are excessively complex for routine clinical use. The role of the serum albumin concentration, a widely used surrogate marker, in acute heart failure remains unclear. We
Young stroke in Bangladesh: addressing rare cases with diagnostic challenges and much-needed solutions
Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in Bangladesh, and young adults are increasingly affected. Common risk factors include hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, obesity and smoking, whereas rare causes include haematologic disorders, premature atherosclerosis, vasculopathy and arteritis. Treatment barriers
[Editorial] Cancer consequences of the HIV funding crisis
Reductions in development assistance funding by previous major donors—the USA, the UK, France, and Germany—have led to substantial challenges to global HIV control in 2025. Against this stark backdrop, World AIDS Day 2025 was commemorated globally on Dec 1, 2025.
Clarification on preconception metformin exposure timing and the heterogeneity across included studies (Reply to Letter-to-the-Editor)
Mutation patterns drive mismatch repair-deficient glioma evolution
Nature Genetics, Published online: 22 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02424-7 Primary mismatch repair-deficient gliomas are hypermutant but molecularly heterogeneous cancers with poor prognosis. We show that non-random mutational signatures cause somatic mutations in key glioma drivers that define genetic subgroups of this
The growing role of genomics and genetics in the management of cardiovascular diseases
The impact of pre-eclampsia on timing of antenatal corticosteroid administration in pregnancies complicated by early-onset fetal growth restriction (Reply to Letter-to-the-editor)
Multitrait analyses identify genetic variants associated with aortic valve function and aortic stenosis risk
Nature Genetics, Published online: 19 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02397-7 Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of deep learning-derived measurements of aortic valve function, along with multitrait analyses incorporating disease-based GWAS, identify 166 genetic loci associated with aortic valve function or aortic stenosis.
Impact of physical activity on presentation and prognosis of Brugada syndrome
Introduction and objectives Brugada syndrome (BS) is a channelopathy associated with an increased risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD). Intense physical activity is a recognised trigger of life-threatening arrhythmias in long QT syndrome, catecholaminergic ventricular tachycardia syndrome and arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy,
Introducing myself
‘The path from novice to expert is surprisingly short’. These words came from June Edhouse, my educational supervisor during my very first job as a Senior House Officer in Emergency Medicine, back in 2001. June was explaining how publishing a
Isolated Severe Systolic Hypertension With Diastolic <110 mmHg During Delivery Admission and Maternal Outcomes: A Secondary Analysis of the APEX Cohort
Systolic hypertension has emerged as a predictor of maternal morbidity, with current guidelines recommending treatment of systolic blood pressure ≥160 mmHg regardless of diastolic values. However, evidence supporting the independent prognostic significance of elevated systolic pressure in pregnancy remains limited,
Nucleophosmin supports WNT-driven hyperproliferation and tumor initiation
Nature Genetics, Published online: 18 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02408-7 Npm1 promotes tumor formation via attenuating the integrated stress response and p53 activation in mouse WNT-driven intestinal and liver tumorigenesis.
[Editorial] 2025: an annus horribilis for health in the USA
The US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices vote on Dec 5 to no longer recommend the hepatitis B vaccine birth dose, which had ensured that babies exposed to hepatitis B would not later develop hepatitis B-associated liver damage and liver
Goodbye to the year of the Big Lie; hello, reverse centaur
We live in a world of lies, damned lies, and AI hallucinations. A US publication calculated that Donald Trump told 30 573 lies during his first term as president.1 Trump is neither alone nor atypical—except that his rate of lying
Bridging the cancer divide: Policy and structural solutions for equity in the United States
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 76, Issue 1, January/February 2026.
EMG–guided Botulinum toxin injections in provoked vestibulodynia: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial
Provoked vestibulodynia is a prevalent and complex disease with a major effect on women’s quality of life. This condition is often associated with abnormal reflexes and muscle hypertonicity. Local injections of Onabotulinum toxin A guided by Electromyography (EMG) have been
My call for community-engaged genetic research into cerebral palsy
Nature Genetics, Published online: 17 December 2025; doi:10.1038/s41588-025-02445-2 In 1990, I was diagnosed with cerebral palsy. Like many in the community, my parents were told explicitly that the condition has no genetic roots. Now, as research suggests that up to
Astrocyte in stroke: Location matters
In this issue of Neuron, Gleichman et al. reveal that astrocytes exhibit region-specific features after stroke. Cortical astrocytes, but not white matter astrocytes, leverage Lamc1 to promote vascular remodeling, highlighting the complexity of harnessing astrocytes for neurorepair.
[Editorial] Urgent need for infection prevention and control in prisons
According to the Global Prison Trends 2025 report, global incarceration rates reached 11·5 million people per day in May, 2024—an all-time high. The report also highlighted issues of overcrowding, with 120 countries operating above their prison capacity. Most individuals in
Strike: Resident doctors begin latest walkout as BMA is accused of hypocrisy over staff pay
Resident doctors joined picket lines across England on Wednesday morning to begin their five day pre-Christmas strike—their 14th walkout over pay and conditions since March 2023.The strike comes after BMA members rejected a last minute offer from the government,1 amid
Abnormal vortex formation by 4D flow MRI as a marker for aortic valve replacement in moderate aortic stenosis: an exploratory study
Background Predicting progression to aortic valve replacement (AVR) in moderate aortic stenosis (AS) is challenging. This study explored whether haemodynamic parameters from four-dimensional flow MRI (4D flow MRI) are associated with the potential progression to AVR. Methods 15 patients with
PGT-A Mosaicism Reporting Lacks Clinical Predictive Value For Live Birth in a Multisite, Double-Blinded Study with Independent Validation
Preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) is used to improve in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes by identifying embryos with lethal chromosomal abnormalities that impair development or lead to pregnancy loss. The adoption of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has enabled detection of
