The NHS in England faces unprecedented challenges in 2021. It will require an equally unprecedented, and long term, response from the government to do two things—first to deal with the backlog of…
[Editorial] Pandemics and the health of a nation
In its November, 2020, report, the UK Office for Budget Responsibility predicted that the British economy will have contracted by 11% by the end of 2020—the largest decrease since the Great Frost of 1709. This double-digit fall in gross domestic
Systemic Therapy for Estrogen Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Breast cancers that are positive for estrogen receptor (ER) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (hereafter referred to as ER-positive) are the most common subset of breast cancers, accounting for 65% of cases of breast cancer
[Editorial] Seeing the people in the percentages
The UNAIDS 90-90-90 targets have provided clear targets to the global HIV community. Since their inception in 2014, when only 37% of people living with HIV were receiving antiretrovial therapy (ART) and tools such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and knowledge
Covid-19: UK approves Oxford vaccine as cases of new variant surge
The UK’s medicines regulator has approved the Oxford and AstraZeneca covid-19 vaccine, which will be administered as two standard doses—the second within 12 weeks of the first.The Joint Committee on…
Changes in Seizure Frequency and Antiepileptic Therapy during Pregnancy
The treatment of women with epilepsy during pregnancy requires a balance between maintaining stable control of maternal seizures and the potential adverse effects of some antiepileptic drugs on the developing fetus. Convulsive seizures are dangerous to both the mother and
High frequency of posttraumatic stress symptoms among U.S. obstetric and gynecologic providers during the COVID-19 pandemic
Changes in Seizure Frequency and Antiepileptic Therapy during Pregnancy
The treatment of women with epilepsy during pregnancy requires a balance between maintaining stable control of maternal seizures and the potential adverse effects of some antiepileptic drugs on the developing fetus. Convulsive seizures are dangerous to both the mother and
Covid-19: Expedite vaccination or deaths will surge, researchers warn
Deaths from covid-19 in England in the first half of 2021 could exceed those seen in the whole of 2020 unless the vaccination programme is vastly increased and a national lockdown implemented—with…
Cerebral microhaemorrhage in COVID-19: a critical illness related phenomenon?
Background Cerebral microhaemorrhages are increasingly being recognised as a complication of COVID-19. This observational retrospective study aims to further investigate the potential pathophysiology through assessing the pattern of microhaemorrhage and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 and microhaemorrhage. By comparing
Correction: Sport Medicine Diagnostic Coding System (SMDCS) and the Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS): revised 2020 consensus versions
Orchard JW, Meeuwisse W, Derman W et al. Sport Medicine Diagnostic Coding System (SMDCS) and the Orchard Sports Injury and Illness Classification System (OSIICS): revised 2020 consensus versions. Br J Sports Med 2020;54:397–401. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2019-101921. Prof Wayne Derman has had
Shedding of Viable SARS-CoV-2 after Immunosuppressive Therapy for Cancer
To the Editor: Detection of replication-competent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most reliable indicator of contagiousness. Although the duration of live-virus shedding is well-characterized in immunocompetent patients with coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19),…
Health Coverage and Care for Transgender People — Threats and Opportunities
On January 23, 2019, Russell Toomey, an associate professor at the University of Arizona, filed a class action lawsuit against the state of Arizona because the university’s health plan for state employees categorically excludes coverage for sex reassignment surgery. Toomey
Essential but Undefined — Reimagining How Policymakers Identify Safety-Net Hospitals
Defining what counts as a safety-net hospital has long been a challenging but critical issue in U.S. health policy. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought this subject to the fore, as Congress and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
Highlights from this issue
Winter is now in full swing in the Northern Hemisphere as we deal with the continuing impact of COVID-19 combined with the usual stresses of these darker months. This month the journal reflects our current trials as we feature papers
Clinical governance programme in patients with acute coronary syndrome: design and methodology of a quality improvement initiative
Introduction Despite the availability of diverse evidence-based diagnostic and treatment options, many patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) still fail to receive effective, safe and timely diagnoses and therapies. The Association of Acute CardioVascular Care of the European Society of
Arrhythmia-associated risk: from cardiac arrest to stroke and dementia
Medicaid and Child Health Equity
Medicaid and the Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) insure roughly 35% of all U.S. children (see graph). Apart from the elderly, no other age group depends more on public benefits or has more of a stake in the debate over
Systemic Therapy for Estrogen Receptor–Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancer
Breast cancers that are positive for estrogen receptor (ER) and negative for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) (hereafter referred to as ER-positive) are the most common subset of breast cancers, accounting for 65% of cases of breast cancer
Case 39-2020: A 29-Month-Old Boy with Seizure and Hypocalcemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Neil D. Fernandes: A 29-month-old boy was transferred to this hospital because of a seizure and hypocalcemia. Approximately 2 months before the current evaluation, the patient had a febrile seizure associated with an acute viral illness.
Case 40-2020: A 24-Year-Old Man with Headache and Covid-19
Presentation of Case. Dr. Stephanie M. Shatzman (Medicine): A 24-year-old man was admitted to this hospital in the spring of 2020 because of headache and coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
Shedding of Viable SARS-CoV-2 after Immunosuppressive Therapy for Cancer
To the Editor: Detection of replication-competent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most reliable indicator of contagiousness. Although the duration of live-virus shedding is well-characterized in immunocompetent patients with coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19),…
Antenatal Dexamethasone for Early Preterm Birth in Low-Resource Countries
Preterm birth is a leading cause of death in infants and children younger than 5 years of age globally. Infants born preterm are also at increased risk for a wide range of short-term and long-term respiratory, infectious, metabolic, and neurologic
Mortality with Paclitaxel-Coated Devices in Peripheral Artery Disease
Peripheral artery disease is a worldwide health problem characterized by reduced blood flow to the lower limbs due to obstructive atherosclerosis. Endovascular interventions are often indicated to prevent amputations and alleviate symptoms, but they are associated with a tangible risk
Hearing Music while Checking a Pulse
Figure 1.
Whiteout
In the winter of my intern year, I took care of a man in the final stages of lymphoma. He’d exhausted all therapy and finally, in those pre–palliative care days, he had been readmitted to the general medicine service essentially
Shedding of Viable SARS-CoV-2 after Immunosuppressive Therapy for Cancer
To the Editor: Detection of replication-competent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the most reliable indicator of contagiousness. Although the duration of live-virus shedding is well-characterized in immunocompetent patients with coronavirus disease 19 (Covid-19),…
Antenatal Dexamethasone for Early Preterm Birth in Low-Resource Countries
Preterm birth is a leading cause of death in infants and children younger than 5 years of age globally. Infants born preterm are also at increased risk for a wide range of short-term and long-term respiratory, infectious, metabolic, and neurologic
Case 40-2020: A 24-Year-Old Man with Headache and Covid-19
Presentation of Case. Dr. Stephanie M. Shatzman (Medicine): A 24-year-old man was admitted to this hospital in the spring of 2020 because of headache and coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
New Order, New Hope
In the simpler times before Covid-19, I used to play a game with medical students who joined me in the operating room. “There’s a giant flood coming that will devastate the earth and its inhabitants. You’ve got a big boat
Atrial fibrillation and dementia: an unresolved ‘Folie a Deux
Acquired Hypertrichosis Lanuginosa
A 51-year-old woman presented to the dermatology clinic with a 2-month history of rapidly progressing hair growth on her face, neck, and upper body in association with fatigue, weight loss, and cough. She had a 37-pack-year history of smoking but
Blueprint for cancer research: Critical gaps and opportunities
Abstract We are experiencing a revolution in cancer. Advances in screening, targeted and immune therapies, big data, computational methodologies, and significant new knowledge of cancer biology are transforming the ways in which we prevent, detect, diagnose, treat, and survive cancer.
Acquired Hypertrichosis Lanuginosa
A 51-year-old woman presented to the dermatology clinic with a 2-month history of rapidly progressing hair growth on her face, neck, and upper body in association with fatigue, weight loss, and cough. She had a 37-pack-year history of smoking but
Heartbeat: an increase in preventable cardiovascular deaths during the COVID-19 pandemic due to avoidance of medical care
Patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) have an increased mortality risk with COVID-19 infection yet several studies have shown fewer hospital-based CVD diagnoses and procedures during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this issue of Heart, Wu and colleagues1 show that despite a
Essential but Undefined — Reimagining How Policymakers Identify Safety-Net Hospitals
Defining what counts as a safety-net hospital has long been a challenging but critical issue in U.S. health policy. The Covid-19 pandemic has brought this subject to the fore, as Congress and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)
[Editorial] Tuberculosis and malaria in the age of COVID-19
With the world still focused on the COVID-19 pandemic and hopes for vaccine rollout, the 2020 WHO global reports on tuberculosis and malaria are timely reminders that these diseases remain two of the three deadliest infectious diseases. A key question
Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces detectable immune responses in most cases reported to date; however, the extent to which previously infected people are protected from a second infection is uncertain. Understanding whether postinfection immunity…
The Ups and Downs of the Striatum: Dopamine Biases Upstate Balance of Striosomes and Matrix
Prager et al. demonstrate an opposite regulation of activity in striosomes and matrix of the striatum. By a D1-receptor-linked L-VGCC-dependent mechanism, dopamine release can extend upstates in matrix D1-expressing projection neurons (dSPNs) but shorten them in striosomal dSPNs.
Chromatin: Liquid or Solid?
In this issue of Cell, Strickfaden et al. reveal that condensed chromatin shows a solid-like behavior at mesoscales both in vitro and in living cells. Using fluorescent microscopy, fluorescent recovery after photobleaching, and transmission electron microscopy, this work investigates chromatin condensates, providing
Robots and sexual ethics
Much of modern ethics is built around the idea that we should respect one another’s autonomy. Here, “we” are typically imagined to be adult human beings of sound mind, where the soundness of our mind is measured against what we
NICE guideline on long covid
The covid-19 pandemic has killed over 1.6 million people worldwide,1 caused the worst healthcare crisis of this century, and put a huge dent in our economies. The magnitude of the population still…
Impact of a single non-sex-related stroke risk factor on atrial fibrillation and oral anticoagulant outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Aims Oral anticoagulants (OACs) are crucial for treating atrial fibrillation (AF) patients at high thromboembolic risk. However, in AF patients at intermediate thromboembolic risk with a single non-sex-related stroke risk factor (CHA2DS2-VASc score 1 in men, 2 in women), guidelines
[Editorial] Targeted leukaemia therapy: a chemotherapy-free future?
In the UK, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), which provides national guidance on best practice in health care, announced on Nov 10, 2020, approval of venetoclax plus obinutuzumab for adults with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)
Critical Care in Obstetrics: A Strategy for Addressing Maternal Mortality
The acute rise in maternal morbidity and mortality in the United States is in part due to an increasingly medically complex obstetric population. An estimated 1-3% of all obstetric patients require intensive care, making the timely delivery and availability of
Author Correction: Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors
Nature Genetics, Published online: 22 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00760-4 Author Correction: Genome-wide association study of intracranial aneurysms identifies 17 risk loci and genetic overlap with clinical risk factors
Health Coverage and Care for Transgender People — Threats and Opportunities
On January 23, 2019, Russell Toomey, an associate professor at the University of Arizona, filed a class action lawsuit against the state of Arizona because the university’s health plan for state employees categorically excludes coverage for sex reassignment surgery. Toomey
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Figure 1.
The Caregiver
“This is going to be an EGFR or ALK!” I tell my cofellow after hearing about a new consult. It’s been a busy few weeks, and a Friday evening consult would generally elicit a sigh. But this time is different.
Shifts in Emergency Mental Health Care for Youth During the Pandemic
The proportion of visits to the emergency department (ED) for mental health concerns rose by about one-quarter among children aged 5 to 11 years and by nearly one-third among 12- to 17-year-olds in 2020 compared with 2019.
Sequential CRT prior to surgery for rectal cancer
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00467-9 Sequential CRT prior to surgery for rectal cancer
A fresh look at ischaemic heart disease: from artificial intelligence to reappraisal of old drugs
Promoter-interacting expression quantitative trait loci are enriched for functional genetic variants
Nature Genetics, Published online: 21 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00745-3 H3K27ac HiChIP analysis helps to identify promoter-interacting expression quantitative trait loci (pieQTLs) in five common immune cell types. Some pieQTLs overlap with nontranscribed promoters that act as enhancers.
Complex targeted sequencing in real time
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 21 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00324-6 Two new papers in Nature Biotechnology report methods for targeted sequencing of complex DNA samples, achieved in real time during nanopore sequencing runs.
Bronchoesophageal Fistula
Figure 1.
Blueprint for cancer research: Critical gaps and opportunities
Abstract We are experiencing a revolution in cancer. Advances in screening, targeted and immune therapies, big data, computational methodologies, and significant new knowledge of cancer biology are transforming the ways in which we prevent, detect, diagnose, treat, and survive cancer.
Case 39-2020: A 29-Month-Old Boy with Seizure and Hypocalcemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Neil D. Fernandes: A 29-month-old boy was transferred to this hospital because of a seizure and hypocalcemia. Approximately 2 months before the current evaluation, the patient had a febrile seizure associated with an acute viral illness.
Case 39-2020: A 29-Month-Old Boy with Seizure and Hypocalcemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Neil D. Fernandes: A 29-month-old boy was transferred to this hospital because of a seizure and hypocalcemia. Approximately 2 months before the current evaluation, the patient had a febrile seizure associated with an acute viral illness.
Which Lymph Node Staging System Better Predicts Prognosis in Patients With Gastric Carcinoma? A Comparative Study Between 3 Different Lymph Node Classifications for Resected Gastric Cancer in a Western Tertiary Center
Introduction: Gastric cancer (GC) is an aggressive disease with high mortality rates. Lymph node (LN) staging of GC is a major source of controversy. The aim of this study is to compare the prognostic value of 3 different LN classifications
Blueprint for cancer research: Critical gaps and opportunities
Abstract We are experiencing a revolution in cancer. Advances in screening, targeted and immune therapies, big data, computational methodologies, and significant new knowledge of cancer biology are transforming the ways in which we prevent, detect, diagnose, treat, and survive cancer.
The Caregiver
“This is going to be an EGFR or ALK!” I tell my cofellow after hearing about a new consult. It’s been a busy few weeks, and a Friday evening consult would generally elicit a sigh. But this time is different.
Failed Assignments — Rethinking Sex Designations on Birth Certificates
In 1900, the year the U.S. Census Bureau created the first iteration of the U.S. birth certificate, nearly all births occurred at home, often attended by family members and midwives without specialized training. During the 20th century, as the medical
Modest reduction in adverse birth outcomes following the COVID-19 lockdown
Widespread lockdowns imposed during the COVID-19 crisis may impact birth outcomes.
Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Figure 1.
[Editorial] Editorial Boards of the future
7 years ago, as we prepared to launch The Lancet Psychiatry, we had the agreeable task of selecting our Editorial Advisory Board. We wanted people with expertise in different disorders and different types of research, such as epidemiology, neuroimaging, and
Severe Covid-19
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations. Stage.
Case 39-2020: A 29-Month-Old Boy with Seizure and Hypocalcemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Neil D. Fernandes: A 29-month-old boy was transferred to this hospital because of a seizure and hypocalcemia. Approximately 2 months before the current evaluation, the patient had a febrile seizure associated with an acute viral illness.
Broken Promises — How Medicare Part D Has Failed to Deliver Savings to Older Adults
Drug prices in the United States are high, particularly for innovative drugs used to treat rare and life-threatening conditions. In some cases, a reasonable defense of high prices for brand-name drugs is that they are temporary — historically, the prices
Preterm Birth and 17OHP — Why the FDA Should Not Withdraw Approval
In the late 1990s, there was no drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with a labeled indication for preventing recurrent preterm birth in women with a previous preterm birth. The risk of such recurrence was and is
Young pregnant women are also at an increased risk of mortality and severe illness due to COVID-19: Analysis of the Mexican National Surveillance Program
Cardiac Macrophages — Keeping the Engine Running Clean
The heart is like a high-octane engine. Fueled by fatty acids, cardiomyocytes have abundant mitochondria to rev up ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation and keep the engine humming. However, cardiomyocytes do not burn cleanly. A recent study by Nicolás-Ávila et
Case 39-2020: A 29-Month-Old Boy with Seizure and Hypocalcemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Neil D. Fernandes: A 29-month-old boy was transferred to this hospital because of a seizure and hypocalcemia. Approximately 2 months before the current evaluation, the patient had a febrile seizure associated with an acute viral illness.
Cardiac Macrophages — Keeping the Engine Running Clean
The heart is like a high-octane engine. Fueled by fatty acids, cardiomyocytes have abundant mitochondria to rev up ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation and keep the engine humming. However, cardiomyocytes do not burn cleanly. A recent study by Nicolás-Ávila et
Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement
To the Editor: Oxygen is among the most frequently administered medical therapies, with a level that is commonly adjusted according to the reading on a pulse oximeter that measures patients’ oxygen saturation. Questions about pulse oximeter technology have been raised,
Racial Bias in Pulse Oximetry Measurement
To the Editor: Oxygen is among the most frequently administered medical therapies, with a level that is commonly adjusted according to the reading on a pulse oximeter that measures patients’ oxygen saturation. Questions about pulse oximeter technology have been raised,
Health Coverage and Care for Transgender People — Threats and Opportunities
On January 23, 2019, Russell Toomey, an associate professor at the University of Arizona, filed a class action lawsuit against the state of Arizona because the university’s health plan for state employees categorically excludes coverage for sex reassignment surgery. Toomey
Trial of Dexamethasone for Chronic Subdural Hematoma
Chronic subdural hematoma is a common neurologic disorder that affects mainly older people. The disorder is characterized by a collection of blood and blood-breakdown products in the intracranial subdural space that liquefies over time. The inciting event is often minor
Failed Assignments — Rethinking Sex Designations on Birth Certificates
In 1900, the year the U.S. Census Bureau created the first iteration of the U.S. birth certificate, nearly all births occurred at home, often attended by family members and midwives without specialized training. During the 20th century, as the medical
Safety and Immunogenicity of Two RNA-Based Covid-19 Vaccine Candidates
Since the first cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in Wuhan, China, in December 2019, pandemic illness has spread to millions of persons worldwide. An increased risk of severe disease and death has been noted among the elderly and among
The Caregiver
“This is going to be an EGFR or ALK!” I tell my cofellow after hearing about a new consult. It’s been a busy few weeks, and a Friday evening consult would generally elicit a sigh. But this time is different.
Failed Assignments — Rethinking Sex Designations on Birth Certificates
In 1900, the year the U.S. Census Bureau created the first iteration of the U.S. birth certificate, nearly all births occurred at home, often attended by family members and midwives without specialized training. During the 20th century, as the medical
[Editorial] Science during COVID-19: where do we go from here?
The emergence of COVID-19 has indelibly marked science and medicine this year. Advances in epidemiology, clinical care, prevention, treatment, and the speed of vaccine development have been unprecedented, driven by global collaboration and data sharing. None of that would have
BJSM leadership: honouring a legacy and a look to the future
BJSM is more than a scientific journal. It is the international home for sports and exercise medicine (SEM) research, education, and scholarship, and strives to support and serve the broad SEM community. The BJSM community embodies SEM clinicians and researchers
Covid-19: SAGE members’ interests published by government 10 months into pandemic
The government has published a register listing the interests of expert members of the Scientific Advisory Group for Emergencies,1 after criticism about the group’s lack of transparency.The BMJ…
Diastolic index as a short-term prognostic factor in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
Objective During follow-up time, the value of prognostic factors may change, especially in the elderly patients, and the altered extent may affect the prognosis. We aimed to clarify the significance of the ratio of diastolic elastance (Ed) to arterial elastance
Evinacumab in Patients with Refractory Hypercholesterolemia
Lifelong exposure to elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In the United States, approximately 7% of adults receive a diagnosis of severe hypercholesterolemia, defined as having untreated LDL…
How Structural Racism Works — Racist Policies as a Root Cause of U.S. Racial Health Inequities
In the 5 years since one of us published “#BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities” in the Journal, we have seen a sea change in the recognition of racism as a durable feature of U.S.
How Structural Racism Works — Racist Policies as a Root Cause of U.S. Racial Health Inequities
In the 5 years since one of us published “#BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities” in the Journal, we have seen a sea change in the recognition of racism as a durable feature of U.S.
Emergence of a Highly Fit SARS-CoV-2 Variant
Sarbecoviruses have emerged twice in the 21st century, causing a worldwide epidemic and pandemic. The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused unprecedented disruption of human society.…
Low-Value Clinical Practices in Adult Traumatic Brain Injury: An Umbrella Review
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 37, Issue 24, Page 2605-2615, December 15, 2020.
[Editorial] Rapid drug access and scientific rigour: a delicate balance
Despite the substantial burden associated with Alzheimer’s disease, no new pharmacotherapies have been licensed since 2003. Aducanumab, a human monoclonal antibody that targets and reduces β amyloid accumulations in the brain, a defining pathology of Alzheimer’s disease, was considered for
[Editorial] Infant and maternal mortality in the USA
While COVID-19 has dominated conversations about health and the presidential election in 2020, the March of Dimes report card, released on Nov 17, reveals another health crisis in the USA. Infant and maternal mortality—two key indicators of population health—remain unacceptably
How Structural Racism Works — Racist Policies as a Root Cause of U.S. Racial Health Inequities
In the 5 years since one of us published “#BlackLivesMatter — A Challenge to the Medical and Public Health Communities” in the Journal, we have seen a sea change in the recognition of racism as a durable feature of U.S.
Emergence of a Highly Fit SARS-CoV-2 Variant
Sarbecoviruses have emerged twice in the 21st century, causing a worldwide epidemic and pandemic. The ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has caused unprecedented disruption of human society.…
Covid-19: Guidance is still lacking on how ethnic minorities can protect themselves better, say MPs
Pre-existing inequalities in health, employment, housing, and access to Universal Credit created a “perfect storm” of factors that have exacerbated the effects of coronavirus on minority ethnic…
Blueprint for cancer research: Critical gaps and opportunities
Abstract We are experiencing a revolution in cancer. Advances in screening, targeted and immune therapies, big data, computational methodologies, and significant new knowledge of cancer biology are transforming the ways in which we prevent, detect, diagnose, treat, and survive cancer.
It’s a Phase That EBF1 Is Going Through
EBF1 is a pioneer transcription factor involved in B lymphocyte specification. In this issue of Immunity, Wang et al. localize EBF1’s pioneering activity to a prion-like domain that mediates recruitment of the nucleosome remodeler Brg1 and FUS-assisted liquid-liquid phase separation.
Spaceflight causes mitochondrial stress
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 15 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00322-8 An article in Cell describes a multi-omic analysis of health risks from spaceflights that implicates mitochondrial stress and dysregulation as key drivers.
[Editorial] Osteoporosis: overlooked in men for too long
A commonly held public misconception about osteoporosis is that it affects only women, as a consequence of declining oestrogen levels from menopause onwards. Yet, of the 8·9 million fractures caused by osteoporosis globally each year, 20–25% occur in men. With
Alterations in Microstructure and Local Fiber Orientation of White Matter Are Associated with Outcome after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 37, Issue 24, Page 2616-2623, December 15, 2020.
Global Regulators Set Standards for Safe Vaccines
The International Coalition of Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA) and the World Health Organization (WHO) are collaborating to create standards that ensure safe and equitable access to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) medicines and vaccines.
Highlights from this issue
This month sees the start of a New Year, with 2021 brim full of optimism from the development of a SARS-CoV-2 vaccine and the inauguration of a new US president, with both offering a possibly for the return to some
Transcutaneous CO2 application accelerates fracture repair in streptozotocin-induced type I diabetic rats
Introduction Diabetes mellitus (DM) negatively affects fracture repair by inhibiting endochondral ossification, chondrogenesis, callus formation, and angiogenesis. We previously reported that transcutaneous CO2 application accelerates fracture repair by promoting endochondral ossification and angiogenesis. The present study aimed to determine whether
David Malcolm Thomas
David Malcolm Thomas (“Dave”) was born to be a great doctor. He trained at Cambridge and St Thomas’ Hospital and did house jobs in London. After two years as a registrar in Exeter, he moved to…
At the dawn of personalised medicine in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: the impact of the disease activity on pregnancy
A retrospective cohort observation analysing risks of pregnancy-related attacks in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder patients Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system characterised by optic neuritis and myelitis, which commonly affects young women
Intravesical therapy goes viral
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 14 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00463-z Intravesical therapy goes viral
Takashi Sugimura (1926–2020)
Paying tribute to a giant is a challenging task. Takashi Sugimura was a scientific giant who pioneered cancer research in Japan and inspired the international community by advancing fundamental concepts relevant to chemical carcinogenesis, among them the link between mutagens
Challenges in risk stratification of symptomatic and asymptomatic valvular heart disease: lessons from large observational studies
WAPL maintains a cohesin loading cycle to preserve cell-type-specific distal gene regulation
Nature Genetics, Published online: 14 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00744-4 WAPL creates a pool of free cohesin that binds to cell-type-specific sites. This cohesin turnover is important for maintaining promoter–enhancer loops.
Publisher Correction: Mutation–selection balance and compensatory mechanisms in tumour evolution
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 14 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00313-9 Publisher Correction: Mutation–selection balance and compensatory mechanisms in tumour evolution
Potential impact of missing outcome data on treatment effects in systematic reviews: imputation study
An error occurred in the second paragraph of the results section in this paper by Kahale and colleagues (BMJ 2020;370:m2898, doi:10.1136/bmj.m2898, published 26 August 2020).It should read: Among…
Patients characteristics and mortality in urgent/emergent/salvage transcatheter aortic valve replacement: insight from the OCEAN-TAVI registry
Objectives Patients’ backgrounds and clinical outcomes in urgent/emergent/salvage transcatheter aortic valve replacement (Em-TAVR) remain unclear. We investigated patient characteristics and the mortality in Em-TAVR and the predictors for the need for Em-TAVR. Methods We consecutively enrolled 1613 patients undergoing TAVR
Highlights from this issue
As the first anniversary of the first adult COVID-19 cases approaches, we reflect on what we’ve learned since December 2019 and could be excused a frisson of excitement about what the soon-to-be-released vaccines might offer. More on this story soon
Greetings from the editor 2021
The year just past, 2020, will be remembered as the year COVID-19, elicited by SARS-CoV-2, was recognised as a pandemic, with about 120 000 reported cases and 4000 deaths globally around the ides of March.1 Since then, a huge burden
Case 38-2020: A 52-Year-Old Man with Cancer and Acute Hypoxemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Margaret B. Allison (Medicine): A 52-year-old man was urgently evaluated because of hypoxemia that occurred on the fifth day he was at this hospital for suspected cancer. The patient had been in his usual state of
Multidisciplinary considerations in the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 70, Issue 6, Page 432-442, November/December 2020.
A Pandemic within a Pandemic — Intimate Partner Violence during Covid-19
As Covid-19 cases surged in the United States in March 2020, stay-at-home orders were put in place. Schools closed, and many workers were furloughed, laid off, or told to work from home. With personal movement limited and people confined to
Spontaneous Coronary-Artery Dissection
Spontaneous coronary-artery dissection (SCAD) has emerged as an important cause of myocardial infarction in young persons. SCAD occurs primarily in women, and the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among women with myocardial infarction from SCAD is lower than the prevalence
Case 38-2020: A 52-Year-Old Man with Cancer and Acute Hypoxemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Margaret B. Allison (Medicine): A 52-year-old man was urgently evaluated because of hypoxemia that occurred on the fifth day he was at this hospital for suspected cancer. The patient had been in his usual state of
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has affected tens of millions of people globally since it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Older adults, persons with certain coexisting conditions, and front-line workers are at highest
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine
Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has affected tens of millions of people globally since it was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. Older adults, persons with certain coexisting conditions, and front-line workers are at highest
Multidisciplinary considerations in the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 70, Issue 6, Page 432-442, November/December 2020.
Multidisciplinary considerations in the treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 70, Issue 6, Page 432-442, November/December 2020.
Disparities in cardio-metabolic risk between Black and White women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to summarize and quantitatively pool evidence on cardio-metabolic health disparities between Black and White women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in the United States in response to the call for further delineation of
CRISPR–Cas13 targets circRNAs
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 11 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00318-4 The CRISPR–Cas13 system can be used to knock down circular RNAs (circRNAs) without any impact on related mRNAs, reports a study in Nature Methods.
Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for Hospitalized Adults with Covid-19
In May 2020, the first stage of the Adaptive Covid-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT-1), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, showed that remdesivir is an effective treatment for hospitalized adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia. Despite the benefits of…
Renal Cryptococcosis
Figure 1.
Preterm Birth and 17OHP — Why the FDA Should Not Withdraw Approval
In the late 1990s, there was no drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with a labeled indication for preventing recurrent preterm birth in women with a previous preterm birth. The risk of such recurrence was and is
[Editorial] Facing up to long COVID
Multiorgan symptoms after COVID-19 are being reported by increasing numbers of patients. They range from cough and shortness of breath, to fatigue, headache, palpitations, chest pain, joint pain, physical limitations, depression, and insomnia, and affect people of varying ages. At
The Death of Daniel Prude — Reflections of a Black Neurosurgeon
The email message’s first words — “Daniel Prude. Say his Name.” — seemed to tell me all I needed to know. Then, my heart racing, I learned that Prude was murdered in my city, where he’d been admitted to my
Baricitinib plus Remdesivir for Hospitalized Adults with Covid-19
In May 2020, the first stage of the Adaptive Covid-19 Treatment Trial (ACTT-1), a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, showed that remdesivir is an effective treatment for hospitalized adult patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pneumonia. Despite the benefits of…
Covid-19–Associated Myopathy Caused by Type I Interferonopathy
To the Editor: The syndrome of Covid-19 infection includes myalgias and elevated creatine kinase levels in at least a third of patients. Whether the elevation in creatine kinase level is caused by viral infection of muscle, toxic effects of cytokines,
Highlights from this issue
Indications and prognosis for keratoplasty in eyes with severe visual impairment and blindness due to corneal disease in India (see page 17) In this hospital-based study of 28 824 patients with severe visual impairment or blindness due to corneal disease,
Redefinition of familial intestinal gastric cancer: clinical and genetic perspectives
Background Familial intestinal gastric cancer (FIGC) remains genetically unexplained and without testing/clinical criteria. Herein, we characterised the age of onset and disease spectrum of 50 FIGC families and searched for genetic causes potentially underlying a monogenic or an oligogenic/polygenic inheritance
Heartbeat: increased use of NOACs in patients with atrial fibrillation reduces health care system costs by reducing stroke incidence
A major goal in management of adults with atrial fibrillation (AF) is prevention of stroke. In an editorial, our stroke neurology colleagues1 point out that about 1/3 of patients with an AF-related stroke had a diagnosis of AF before the
Covid-19: Moving London into tier 3 would be “big mistake,” warns leading epidemiologist
A leading epidemiologist has urged the government not to put the UK capital into strict tier 3 measures next week, saying the move would be a “big mistake.”Tim Spector, professor of genetic…
Highlights from this issue
Low grade intraventricular haemorrhage and cerebral palsy Nicky Hollebrandse and colleagues describe the neurodevelopmental outcomes at 8 years of almost 500 extremely preterm infants born before 28 week’s gestation and relate these to the presence and severity of intraventricular haemorrhage
Gene of the month: GTF2I
The GTF2I is a general transcription factor and its mutations have been reported to be recurrent in thymic epithelial tumours and are rare in other malignancies. Apart from thymic epithelial tumours, these mutations have also been reported in a subgroup
Whats casual? Whats causal? Advancing research on employment relationships and health
Introduction The ‘changing nature of work’ has received increasing levels of attention within lay and research communities. In addition to the technologies of work, scrutiny has been focused on major shifts in the relationship between workers and their ‘employer’—namely the
Broken Promises — How Medicare Part D Has Failed to Deliver Savings to Older Adults
Drug prices in the United States are high, particularly for innovative drugs used to treat rare and life-threatening conditions. In some cases, a reasonable defense of high prices for brand-name drugs is that they are temporary — historically, the prices
Preterm Birth and 17OHP — Why the FDA Should Not Withdraw Approval
In the late 1990s, there was no drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with a labeled indication for preventing recurrent preterm birth in women with a previous preterm birth. The risk of such recurrence was and is
Case 38-2020: A 52-Year-Old Man with Cancer and Acute Hypoxemia
Presentation of Case. Dr. Margaret B. Allison (Medicine): A 52-year-old man was urgently evaluated because of hypoxemia that occurred on the fifth day he was at this hospital for suspected cancer. The patient had been in his usual state of
Gene therapy using haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 10 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00298-5 Haematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) gene therapy using lentiviral or gammaretroviral vectors has now been approved for clinical use. In this Review, Ferrari, Thrasher and Aiuti discuss the history of
Evinacumab in Patients with Refractory Hypercholesterolemia
Lifelong exposure to elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. In the United States, approximately 7% of adults receive a diagnosis of severe hypercholesterolemia, defined as having untreated LDL…
The Death of Daniel Prude — Reflections of a Black Neurosurgeon
The email message’s first words — “Daniel Prude. Say his Name.” — seemed to tell me all I needed to know. Then, my heart racing, I learned that Prude was murdered in my city, where he’d been admitted to my
The Death of Daniel Prude — Reflections of a Black Neurosurgeon
The email message’s first words — “Daniel Prude. Say his Name.” — seemed to tell me all I needed to know. Then, my heart racing, I learned that Prude was murdered in my city, where he’d been admitted to my
[Editorial] USPSTF recommends expansion of colorectal cancer screening
On Oct 27, 2020, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued draft recommendations for colorectal cancer screening, updating its 2016 guidance. As in the 2016 recommendations, the new draft advises colorectal cancer screening for all adults aged 50–75 years,
Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19
Infections with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), now number more than 7 million in the United States. At the peak of the pandemic to date, more than 1000 Americans died
An Extraordinary Astronaut
As of 2020, fewer than 600 individuals have left Earth to experience work and life in space. That number will grow as government-funded and commercial space programs move forward in countries around the globe. There are however major questions about
Correction: Clinical profile and prognostic factors of alcoholic cardiomyopathy in tribal and non-tribal population
Rugby players plan negligence claim for chronic traumatic encephalopathy
Eight former rugby players with early onset dementia are planning to launch negligence claims against World Rugby, the Rugby Football Union, and the Welsh Rugby Union over the effects of concussion…
Dissecting the immunogenomic biology of cancer for biomarker development
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 09 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00461-1 Studies have identified multiple molecular properties with a biological rationale supporting a role in mediating selective responses to immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), including loss-of-function mutations in mSWI/SNF chromatin regulators; however, their
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) Consult Series #55: Counseling women at increased risk of maternal morbidity and mortality
Women deserve to be provided with evidence-based information when considering options for contraception and pregnancy management. When counseling about health conditions and available treatments, healthcare practitioners should employ strategies that encourage the incorporation of informed patient preferences into a shared
The Bottom of the Health Care Rationing Iceberg
A stink filled the room as my patient eased coal-black toes out of his shoes. After spending winter nights in a tattered sleeping bag behind a local grocery store, he had developed frostbite and then gangrene. In the hospital, we
The complex biology of the arterial wall: much more than endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis
Non-Invasive Techniques for Multimodal Monitoring in Traumatic Brain Injury: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 37, Issue 23, Page 2445-2453, December 1, 2020.
Growing Myelin around Regenerated Axons after CNS Injury
In this issue of Neuron, Wang et al. demonstrate that both cell-intrinsic and -extrinsic factors restrict the myelination of newly regenerated axons. Pharmalogical targeting of GPR17 signaling in oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and microglial inhibition of oligodendrocyte maturation together promote robust
Two Steps Back — Rescinding Transgender Health Protections in Risky Times
On June 15, 2020, the U.S. Supreme Court advanced the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) Americans by issuing a decision in Bostock v. Clayton County confirming that the prohibition on sex discrimination in employment in Title
Green Urine
Figure 1.
Covid-19: Oxford vaccine could be 59% effective against asymptomatic infections, analysis shows
The Oxford and AstraZeneca covid-19 vaccine prevented some asymptomatic covid-19 infections in phase III trials, but the effect was mainly seen in the group who received a half dose first, followed…
European Registry on Helicobacter pylori management shows that gastroenterology has largely failed in its efforts to guide practitioners
Commentary The authors report the results of a 5-year (2013–2018) audit of the effectiveness of Helicobacter pylori therapy in clinical practice in several regions of Europe.1 The study provides a contemporary prospective regarding empirical H. pylori treatment. Importantly, there was
Highlights from this issue
Quality of care in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease transferring between healthcare providers: multicentre audit There is a paucity of evidence regarding patients with IBD who need to transfer their care to a new secondary or tertiary care provider,
EANO guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of diffuse gliomas of adulthood
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00447-z Herein, the European Association of Neuro-Oncology (EANO) provides recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of adult patients with diffuse gliomas. These evidence-based guidelines incorporate major changes in diagnostic algorithms
CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing for Sickle Cell Disease and β-Thalassemia
Transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) and sickle cell disease (SCD) are the most common monogenic diseases worldwide, with an annual diagnosis in approximately 60,000 patients with TDT and 300,000 patients with SCD. Both diseases are caused by mutations in the hemoglobin β
Less-radical Surgery for Early Stage Cervical Cancer: A Systematic Review
A systematic review was performed to examine the outcomes of simple hysterectomy for women with low-risk, early-stage cervical cancer.
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
Supplement Use Is Common Among Children and Adolescents
Although the proportion of US children and adolescents who use a dietary supplement has remained steady at about one-third for the past decade, a growing number now use 2 or more, according to a CDC report.
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
Physician–Public Defender Collaboration — A New Medical–Legal Partnership
Mr. A. a 45-year-old man with a history of benzodiazepine use disorder, was brought to the hospital after having a grand mal seizure while awaiting trial in the holding cell of a municipal courthouse. After being arrested 3 days earlier,
Parosmia: treatment, mechanism, and types
Rimmer states that there is no cure for parosmia,1 which is correct, but there are drugs that neurologists and ear, nose, and throat specialists have used for decades. These include sodium valproate…
Insights into the genetic architecture of the human face
Nature Genetics, Published online: 07 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00741-7 A multivariate genome-wide association study identifies 203 signals associated with facial variation. These signals are enriched for enhancer activity in cranial neural crest cells and craniofacial tissues.
CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing for Sickle Cell Disease and β-Thalassemia
Transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia (TDT) and sickle cell disease (SCD) are the most common monogenic diseases worldwide, with an annual diagnosis in approximately 60,000 patients with TDT and 300,000 patients with SCD. Both diseases are caused by mutations in the hemoglobin β
The Bottom of the Health Care Rationing Iceberg
A stink filled the room as my patient eased coal-black toes out of his shoes. After spending winter nights in a tattered sleeping bag behind a local grocery store, he had developed frostbite and then gangrene. In the hospital, we
Association Between Parent Comfort With English and Adverse Events Among Hospitalized Children
This study examines the association between parents’ limited comfort with English (LCE) and adverse events in a cohort of hospitalized children.
Green Urine
Figure 1.
Sixty seconds on . . . JVT
Don’t you mean DVT?No, this has nothing to do with blood clots—but it’s certainly sent some people’s blood pressure soaring. We’re talking about Jonathan Van-Tam (JVT), deputy chief medical officer…
Post-Transcriptional Genetic Silencing of BCL11A to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is a common inherited disease affecting approximately 100,000 persons in the United States; worldwide, about 400,000 infants are born with sickle cell disease each year. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) is a variant of normal adult hemoglobin (HbA) that
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
Iridociliary Melanoma
A 57-year-old man presented to the ophthalmology clinic with a 4-month history of progressively worsening pain and decreasing vision in the right eye. Using the affected eye alone, at a distance of 1 m, he was only able to count
Post-Transcriptional Genetic Silencing of BCL11A to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is a common inherited disease affecting approximately 100,000 persons in the United States; worldwide, about 400,000 infants are born with sickle cell disease each year. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) is a variant of normal adult hemoglobin (HbA) that
The Bottom of the Health Care Rationing Iceberg
A stink filled the room as my patient eased coal-black toes out of his shoes. After spending winter nights in a tattered sleeping bag behind a local grocery store, he had developed frostbite and then gangrene. In the hospital, we
The Discovery of Hepatitis C — The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
News that Drs. Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice were recipients of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was met with both enthusiasm
The Discovery of Hepatitis C — The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
News that Drs. Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice were recipients of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their roles in the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) was met with both enthusiasm
Broken Promises — How Medicare Part D Has Failed to Deliver Savings to Older Adults
Drug prices in the United States are high, particularly for innovative drugs used to treat rare and life-threatening conditions. In some cases, a reasonable defense of high prices for brand-name drugs is that they are temporary — historically, the prices
Post-Transcriptional Genetic Silencing of BCL11A to Treat Sickle Cell Disease
Sickle cell disease is a common inherited disease affecting approximately 100,000 persons in the United States; worldwide, about 400,000 infants are born with sickle cell disease each year. Sickle hemoglobin (HbS) is a variant of normal adult hemoglobin (HbA) that
Applying high-dimensional single-cell technologies to the analysis of cancer immunotherapy
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41571-020-00449-x The availability of ever more sensitive cell sorting and sequencing technologies has enabled the interrogation of tumour cell biology at the highest possible level of resolution — analysis of a
Host genetics and infectious disease: new tools, insights and translational opportunities
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 04 December 2020; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00297-6 Infectious diseases are an ever-present global threat. In this Review, Kwok, Mentzer and Knight discuss our latest understanding of how human genetics influence susceptibility to disease. Furthermore, they discuss emerging progress
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
The Bottom of the Health Care Rationing Iceberg
A stink filled the room as my patient eased coal-black toes out of his shoes. After spending winter nights in a tattered sleeping bag behind a local grocery store, he had developed frostbite and then gangrene. In the hospital, we
[Editorial] An African plan to control COVID-19 is urgently needed
As governments in countries hit hardest by COVID-19 prepare vaccination programmes against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), other nations face a more uncertain future. In Africa, for example, the pandemic continues to grow, but heterogeneously. Cases are rising
Covid-19: Safety of lateral flow tests questioned after they are found to miss half of cases
The lateral flow devices used in the community testing pilot in Liverpool only picked up half the covid-19 cases detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests and missed three out of 10 cases…
It all goes in cycles, then and now, stepping back to the future… Reflection of an orthopaedic surgeon and teacher after 50 years of practice
Introductions to the Community: Early-Career Researchers in the Time of COVID-19
COVID-19 has unfortunately halted lab work, conferences, and in-person networking, which is especially detrimental to researchers just starting their labs. Through social media and our reviewer networks, we met some early-career stem cell investigators impacted by the closures. Here, they
Prostate Cancer Progression and the Epigenome
Efforts to translate laboratory-based discovery into clinical applications and to transform medical-oncology problems into research questions have been made particularly challenging by the natural history of prostate cancer. To begin, widespread screening and early diagnostic programs through…
Time to add screening for financial hardship as a quality measure?
Abstract Cancer treatment is associated with financial hardship for many patients and families. Screening for financial hardship and referrals to appropriate resources for mitigation are not currently part of most clinical practices. In fact, discussions regarding the cost of treatment
Prostate Cancer Progression and the Epigenome
Efforts to translate laboratory-based discovery into clinical applications and to transform medical-oncology problems into research questions have been made particularly challenging by the natural history of prostate cancer. To begin, widespread screening and early diagnostic programs through…
Cytokine Storm
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has reminded us of the critical role of an effective host immune response and the devastating effect of immune dysregulation. This year marks 10 years since the first description of a
Professor Michael A. Gatzoulis speaks about his life, career, and pioneering work with adult congenital heart disease
Effect of Finerenone on Chronic Kidney Disease Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) worldwide. International guidelines for the management of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes recommend control of hypertension and hyperglycemia, as well as the use of a renin–angiotensin
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