Think back to high summer and the lure of so called “Freedom Day.”1 Were you revelling in the streets on 19 July as ministers withdrew covid restrictions? Or were you, like Michael Marmot, home…
From scientific research to helping your patient
Guidelines Evidence-based practice is the cornerstone of our clinical work and evidence-based guidelines are a key part of this. Dutch scientific associations, like our own Dutch Sports Medicine Association (VSG), are making advances in developing monodisciplinary and multidisciplinary guidelines. Developing
Phase 3 Safety and Efficacy of AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) Covid-19 Vaccine
Previous clinical trials have shown the safety and efficacy of the AZD1222 (ChAdOx1 nCoV-19) vaccine in preventing coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) in diverse epidemiologic settings, including Brazil and the United Kingdom. Accordingly, AZD1222 is being distributed for vaccination in more
DR Congo: WHO staff abused women and girls in Ebola outbreak, says “harrowing” independent report
Sexual exploitation and abuse, including rape and demands of sex in return for jobs, were committed by World Health Organization employees during the 2018-20 Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic…
Founder mutation in myosin-binding protein C with an early onset and a high penetrance in males
Objective One of the challenges in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is to determine the pathogenicity of genetic variants and to establish genotype/phenotype correlations. This study aimed to: (1) demonstrate that MYBPC3 c.2149–1G>A is a founder pathogenic variant, (2) describe the phenotype
Catastrophic health expenditures, insurance churn, and non-employment among gynecologic cancer patients in the United States
In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the financial burden of severe illness, including associations with higher rates of non-employment, uninsurance and catastrophic out-of-pocket health spending. Gynecologic cancer patients often require expensive and prolonged treatments, potentially disrupting employment
Low-Dose Aspirin for the Prevention of Preeclampsia
In this issue of JAMA, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) presents an updated Recommendation Statement on aspirin use to prevent preeclampsia and related morbidity and mortality, along with an updated Evidence Report and systematic review on the use
[Editorial] A multipronged approach to tackle RSV-associated disease
On July 23, 2021, in response to data showing an increase in out-of-season respiratory infections among young children, Public Health England issued a warning in which it encouraged caregivers to look out for symptoms of severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)
Covid-19: New York’s health workers agree to vaccinate as mandate bites
A predicted staffing crisis in hospitals around New York state seems to have been largely averted as thousands of healthcare workers, who until now had refused vaccination, agreed to receive last…
Ventricular-vascular coupling is predictive of adverse clinical outcome in paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension
Aims Ventricular–vascular coupling, the ratio between the right ventricle’s contractile state (Ees) and its afterload (Ea), may be a useful metric in the management of paediatric pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). In this study we assess the prognostic capacity of the
Call for emergency action to limit global temperature increases, restore biodiversity and protect health
Benefit with daratumumab maintenance
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 27 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00566-1 Benefit with daratumumab maintenance
[Editorial] Climate crisis and cancer: the need for urgent action
The 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26), hosted by the UK from Oct 31 to Nov 12, 2021, will see world leaders coming together to tackle the ongoing climate crisis and implement measures to reduce carbon emissions
Reply: Search for a predictive relationship between ultrasound thickness of the lower uterine segment and rupture of the uterus in women with a prior cesarean does not make biological sense
[Editorial] It is time to act on ageing
In 1990, the UN established October 1 as the International Day of Older Persons to raise awareness of issues relating to ageing. Zidovudine was then the only approved therapy for HIV and considerations of ageing with HIV cannot have been
Effectiveness of an impedance cardiography guided treatment strategy to improve blood pressure control in a real-world setting: results from a pragmatic clinical trial
Objective To test the effectiveness of an impedance cardiography (ICG) guided treatment strategy on improving blood pressure (BP) control in real-world clinical practice. Design A single-centre, pragmatic randomised trial. Setting A hypertension clinic of the Peking University People’s Hospital in
Most deprived areas in England have fastest growing waiting lists, says think tank
People in England’s most deprived areas are nearly twice (1.8 times) as likely to experience a wait of over a year for hospital treatment than those in the most affluent areas, the King’s Fund has…
Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward
Abstract Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with cancer. Loss of efficacy in antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an urgent threat against the continuing success of cancer therapy. In this review, the authors
Impaired cerebral autoregulation, cerebral perfusion pressure and intracranial pressure in eclampsia
Optogenetics — The Might of Light
Using light to control neuronal activity has been the dream of neuroscientists for decades. Because light does not interfere with normal brain function and can be targeted with exquisite spatial and temporal precision, it has long held the promise of
EGFR and HER2 exon 20 insertions in solid tumours: from biology to treatment
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 24 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00558-1 EGFR exon 19 deletions and exon 21 mutations, and HER2 amplification and/or overexpression, are predictive of response to matched molecularly targeted therapies that have greatly improved patient outcomes. However, insertion
In Gratitude for mRNA Vaccines
Making vaccines has often been described as a thankless task. In the words of Dr. Bill Foege, one of the world’s greatest public health physicians, “Nobody ever thanks you for saving them from the disease they didn’t know they were
Abiotic stress responses in plants
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 24 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00413-0 In this Review, Zhang et al. summarize our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the responses of plants to abiotic stresses, and how this knowledge can be used to improve
Race, Genetic Ancestry, and Estimating Kidney Function in CKD
Consideration of race in clinical decision making has recently come under much scrutiny and criticism. In particular, the use of indicators for Black race in equations that are widely used to estimate the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from the serum
Case 29-2021: A 12-Month-Old Boy with Fever and Developmental Regression
Presentation of Case. Dr. Emma C. Materne (Pediatrics): A 12-month-old boy with Hirschsprung’s disease was admitted to this hospital because of fever. Fifteen days before the current admission, the patient had a temperature of 39.7°C. His parents noticed that he
In Gratitude for mRNA Vaccines
Making vaccines has often been described as a thankless task. In the words of Dr. Bill Foege, one of the world’s greatest public health physicians, “Nobody ever thanks you for saving them from the disease they didn’t know they were
Perspectives on the Treatment of Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive tumor arising from the serosal outer linings of the lungs (pleurae), heart, abdomen, and testes. Treatment trials have focused on malignant pleural mesothelioma, which accounts for 90% of cases, is often diagnosed at an advanced
Effectiveness of E-SBIRT intervention in community healthcare institution in China: study proposal for a randomised controlled trial
Background Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of Screening, Brief Intervention and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) in addressing substance use problem. However, owing to the shortage of counsellors, it has not been widely used in China. With the development of
Consider internet use when assessing young people’s mental health
Having worked in child and adolescent mental health services, I recognised many of the approaches described by Rider and colleagues for assessing the mental health and wellbeing of children and…
Towards individualised contraceptive counselling: clinical and reproductive factors associated with self-reported hormonal contraceptive-induced adverse mood symptoms
Objective The study aim was to establish which demographic, clinical, reproductive and psychiatric factors are associated with self-reported hormonal contraceptive (HC)-induced adverse mood symptoms. Study design We compiled baseline data from two Swedish studies: one cross-sectional study on combined oral
Heartbeat: health literacy for improving cardiac outcomes
The potential impact of patient education on improving outcomes in patients with cardiovascular disease (CVD) has received little attention. In a randomised clinical trial, McIntyre and colleagues1 found that waiting room video-based education about CVD risk reduction resulted in more
Value-based pricing of drugs with multiple indications or in combinations — lessons from Europe
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 23 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00561-6 Legislators in the USA have been discussing reforms to reduce the high cost of brand-name drugs, which are much higher in the USA than in other industrialized countries. One solution
MMR Vaccine–Associated Disseminated Measles in an Immunocompromised Adolescent
To the Editor: Since the U.S. measles immunization program began in 1963, death from vaccine-associated measles is extremely rare, and endemic measles has nearly been eliminated. Vaccine reactions after administration of the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine are generally mild and may
Vigilante Injustice — Deputizing and Weaponizing the Public to Stop Abortions
Texas Senate Bill (S.B.) 8: the “heartbeat” bill. Perhaps better described as the embryonic-cardiac-activity bill. It bans abortions a mere 5 or 6 weeks after the onset of the last menstrual cycle, even in cases of rape or when a
Ovarian Cancer Incidence and Death in Average-Risk Women Undergoing Bilateral Salpingo-Oophorectomy at Benign Hysterectomy
Opportunistic bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) is often offered to patients undergoing benign hysterectomy to prevent ovarian cancer, but the magnitude of risk reduction obtained with BSO in this population remains unclear, and must be weighed against potential risks of ovarian hormone
Mutational synergy during leukemia induction remodels chromatin accessibility, histone modifications and three-dimensional DNA topology to alter gene expression
Nature Genetics, Published online: 23 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00925-9 Mice bearing mutations in Flt3-ITD and Npm1c, which are commonly found in acute myeloid leukemia, are used to characterize the cooperative effects of these cancer drivers on the cellular epigenome and three-dimensional
The genetics of obesity: from discovery to biology
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 23 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00414-z In this Review, Loos and Yeo summarize our current understanding of the genetic underpinnings of monogenic and polygenic obesity. They highlight the commonalities revealed by recent studies and discuss the implications
MMR Vaccine–Associated Disseminated Measles in an Immunocompromised Adolescent
To the Editor: Since the U.S. measles immunization program began in 1963, death from vaccine-associated measles is extremely rare, and endemic measles has nearly been eliminated. Vaccine reactions after administration of the measles–mumps–rubella (MMR) vaccine are generally mild and may
Case 29-2021: A 12-Month-Old Boy with Fever and Developmental Regression
Presentation of Case. Dr. Emma C. Materne (Pediatrics): A 12-month-old boy with Hirschsprung’s disease was admitted to this hospital because of fever. Fifteen days before the current admission, the patient had a temperature of 39.7°C. His parents noticed that he
New Creatinine- and Cystatin C–Based Equations to Estimate GFR without Race
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is generally estimated from serum concentrations of endogenous filtration markers such as creatinine or cystatin C. During the past two decades, automated clinical laboratory reporting of GFR estimated with the use of creatinine (eGFRcr) has
Revitalizing the U.S. Primary Care Infrastructure
The United States has learned from the Covid-19 pandemic what is required of the federal government’s executive branch to tackle a national health crisis. In addition to presidential leadership, there must be a team with a single purpose that reports
Case 29-2021: A 12-Month-Old Boy with Fever and Developmental Regression
Presentation of Case. Dr. Emma C. Materne (Pediatrics): A 12-month-old boy with Hirschsprung’s disease was admitted to this hospital because of fever. Fifteen days before the current admission, the patient had a temperature of 39.7°C. His parents noticed that he
Randomized Trial of a Third Dose of mRNA-1273 Vaccine in Transplant Recipients
To the Editor: In organ-transplant recipients, the standard two-dose vaccination strategy for coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) has suboptimal immunogenicity. Both patients and health care providers have questioned whether a third-dose booster in transplant recipients would be safe and enhance…
[Editorial] COVID-19: learning as an interdependent world
There were some grounds for hope that the COVID-19 pandemic would be under control by now. Huge scientific advances have been made in our understanding of COVID-19, as well as its countermeasures. Countries have had 18 months to understand which
Case 29-2021: A 12-Month-Old Boy with Fever and Developmental Regression
Presentation of Case. Dr. Emma C. Materne (Pediatrics): A 12-month-old boy with Hirschsprung’s disease was admitted to this hospital because of fever. Fifteen days before the current admission, the patient had a temperature of 39.7°C. His parents noticed that he
Investigating the efficacy of chest pressure for direct current cardioversion in atrial fibrillation: a randomised control trial protocol (Pressure-AF)
Introduction Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia worldwide. Direct current cardioversion is commonly used to restore sinus rhythm in patients with AF. Chest pressure may improve cardioversion success through decreasing transthoracic impedance and increasing cardiac energy delivery.
Medical care will be prioritised in tackling CO2 shortages, says government
The UK government has vowed that continuity of treatment and access to NHS services will be “top priorities” in mitigating against ongoing carbon dioxide shortages, amid concerns that a range of…
[Editorial] A brighter future for malaria prevention?
As we reported in an Editorial in January, the goals set to reduce malaria incidence and mortality by 2030 seem unlikely to be met at current rates of progress. Furthermore, COVID-19 could have a damaging effect on malaria control by
Effectiveness of mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine among U.S. Health Care Personnel
Health care personnel are at increased risk for exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), through interactions in the workplace related to care and proximity to patients, in addition to
Highlights from this issue
A case series of shrinking hydroxyapatite orbital implants (see page 1338) Bone-derived hydroxyapatite orbital implants can reduce in size by osteoclastic activity in as little time as four years, requiring further intervention to maintain orbital volume. Nationwide trends in the
Futility: a perennial issue for medical ethics
While the era following the Bland decision in 19931 might be thought of as the time when concepts such as ‘futility’ were placed under pressure and scrutiny, it’s an idea that has been debated for at least forty years. In
Overprescribing: 10% of items dispensed in primary care are inappropriate, review finds
An estimated 10% of items dispensed in primary care in England are inappropriate, a government review into overprescribing has said.The review, commissioned in 2018, also found that 15% of people…
Genetic burden linked to founder effects in Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean illustrates the importance of genetic screening test availability
The Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean (SLSJ) region located in the province of Quebec was settled in the 19th century by pioneers issued from successive migration waves starting in France in the 17th century and continuing within Quebec until the beginning of the 20th
[Editorial] Haematology’s role on the path to health for all Africans
Sub-Saharan Africa made substantial progress on the Millennium Development Goals up to 2015, including enrolling more children in primary school and reducing child and maternal deaths and the proportion of people infected with HIV. However, the 2017 Lancet Commission—The path
Recurrent bacterial vaginosis following metronidazole treatment is associated with microbiota richness at diagnosis
Bacterial vaginosis– a condition defined by a shift from Lactobacillus dominance to a polymicrobial, anaerobic bacterial community – increases the risk of acquiring sexually transmitted infections and other complications of the female reproductive tract . Antibiotic treatment frequently fails to
The Importance of Statistical Rigor in Neurotrauma Research
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 38, Issue 18, Page 2489-2489, September 15, 2021.
MD-Granting Medical Schools in the United States, 2020-2021
This Appendix presents data from the 2020-2021 Liaison Committee on Medical Education (LCME) annual questionnaire, which provides information on the number of students, student demographics, and curriculum content at US medical schools.
John Borthwick Macdonald
bmj;374/sep21_18/n2276/FAF1faHaving secured a scholarship, John Borthwick Macdonald went up to Cambridge to read natural sciences, then medicine. He had a student placement at the Medical Research…
Antibiotic resistance in the patient with cancer: Escalating challenges and paths forward
Abstract Infection is the second leading cause of death in patients with cancer. Loss of efficacy in antibiotics due to antibiotic resistance in bacteria is an urgent threat against the continuing success of cancer therapy. In this review, the authors
Grand challenges and global solutions: where does injury prevention fit in?
While the burden of injury is large, injury does not feature on most people’s list of global grand challenges—climate change, equity, ageing, racism, human rights, poverty, COVID-19. Each person’s ‘grand challenge list’ is different. What is yours? Does injury feature?
Benefit with ramucirumab in mesothelioma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 20 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00563-4 Benefit with ramucirumab in mesothelioma
Interpersonal violence and painful bladder symptoms in community-dwelling midlife to older women
Women are more likely to present with genitourinary complaints immediately after exposure to interpersonal violence, but little is known about long-term effects on women’s urologic health such as their susceptibility to bladder pain and infections.
A new era in functional genomics screens
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 20 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00409-w In this Review, Przybyla and Gilbert describe the latest approaches for CRISPR-based functional genomics screens, including the adoption of single-cell transcriptomic read-outs and applications in characterizing the non-coding genome and mapping
Man charged after assaulting staff at GP surgery
GP leaders have expressed their shock and anger after staff working in a surgery in Manchester were attacked by a patient.Greater Manchester Police1 reported that a 59 year old man was arrested and…
Highlights from this issue
Evidence and mass casualty events “I sat among the dead, dying and those fighting for life, I observed the pain and suffering and endured my own. I need to hear the truth to be able to move forward and I
Gene of the month: FH
Fumarate hydratase (FH), encoded by the FH gene, is an enzyme which catalyses the conversion of fumarate to L-malate as part of the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Biallelic germline mutations in FH result in fumaric aciduria, a metabolic disorder resulting in
Pembrolizumab for Persistent, Recurrent, or Metastatic Cervical Cancer
Standard first-line therapy for persistent, recurrent, or metastatic cervical cancer is platinum-based chemotherapy, with a preferred regimen of a platinum compound (cisplatin or carboplatin) and paclitaxel plus bevacizumab on the basis of a balance between efficacy and safety. The anti–programmed…
Cost-effectiveness Analysis of the 2019 ASCCP Risk-Based Management Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Abnormal Cervical Cancer Screening Tests and Cancer Precursors
Guidelines for managing abnormal cervical cancer screening tests changed from a results-based approach in 2012 to a risk-based approach in 2019. We estimated the cost-effectiveness and changes in resource utilization of the 2012 and 2019 guidelines.
Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death
Elevated dietary sodium consumption, as well as low levels of dietary potassium intake, is associated with high blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Randomized trials of dietary sodium reduction, as well as trials of
Mask Wars
Ocular Thelaziasis
A 34-year-old man presented to the ophthalmology clinic and reported having the sensation of a foreign body and itching in his right eye. He had no known medical history, and he lived on a farm with his dog. Examination with
The FDA’s latest move to expand eligibility for oncology trials — a double-edged sword?
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00559-0 Recent FDA draft guidance for sponsors of oncology clinical trials encourages enrolment of patients with incurable cancer and no potential for prolonged and/or near-normal survival, regardless of whether they have
Lutetium-177–PSMA-617 for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer
Metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer remains incurable and fatal, despite the availability of multiple classes of therapy that delay disease progression and prolong life. The most recent drug approvals in prostate cancer have brought clinical benefit to subgroups of patients who
Placenta Increta
Figure 1.
The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 17 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00408-x In this Review, the authors describe our latest understanding of the emergence and properties of SARS-CoV-2 genetic variants, particularly those designated as WHO (World Health Organization) ‘variants of concern’. They focus
Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting
More than 1 year into the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an unprecedented number of mass vaccination efforts are under way worldwide. Globally, nearly 3.4 billion doses of
Reframing Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases through Signature Cytokine Hubs
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by chronic inflammation and organ damage. IMIDs were traditionally classified on the basis of the predominant organ involvement. Improving the pathogenic characterization of IMIDs, however, should…
Treatment of Older Adults with Cancer — Addressing Gaps in Evidence
Eliminating inequities in health care is an important priority. One persistent inequity involves the lack of data to guide cancer care for older adults. Although clinical trials provide the strongest foundation for acquiring such data, a recent analysis by the
Call for Emergency Action to Limit Global Temperature Increases, Restore Biodiversity, and Protect Health
The United Nations General Assembly in September 2021 will bring countries together at a critical time for marshalling collective action to tackle the global environmental crisis. They will meet again at the biodiversity summit in Kunming, China, and at the
Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death
Elevated dietary sodium consumption, as well as low levels of dietary potassium intake, is associated with high blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Randomized trials of dietary sodium reduction, as well as trials of
High Congenital Syphilis Case Counts among U.S. Infants Born in 2020
To the Editor: Congenital syphilis, a life-threatening infection caused by the transmission of Treponema pallidum from a woman to her fetus during pregnancy, can result in miscarriage, stillbirth, preterm birth, low birth weight, and infant death. Whereas many infants with
Covid-19: Booster dose reduces infections and severe illness in over 60s, Israeli study reports
Rates of infection and of severe illness were substantially lower in people aged over 60 who received a booster (third) dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech covid-19 vaccine than in those who had only two…
Highlights from this issue
As we write this edition of Airwaves, many countries throughout the world are struggling to contain the delta variant of COVID-19. The switch to naming new variants of the coronavirus after Greek letters, rather than the geographical area where the
Highlights from this issue
There is a notion that progress in our knowledge is made gradually with the slow accretion of information, with bricks of information being added slowly to build the edifice of knowledge. Ideas are refined and improved, additional data, whether about
Highlights from this issue
Literally literacy Though this issue won’t appear for another 3-4 weeks, given the painful events unravelling in Afghanistan, it would feel banal to the point of negligence to fail to ask ‘where are we going’ in terms of global human
Next exciting step for JISAKOS: transition to OA and a new publisher
Clinical and Neurodevelopmental Outcome of Prenatally Diagnosed Wormian Bones
Treatment of Acute Uncomplicated Appendicitis
Foreword. This Journal feature begins with a case vignette highlighting a common clinical problem. Evidence supporting various strategies is then presented, followed by a review of formal guidelines, when they exist. The article ends with the authors’ clinical recommendations. Stage.
Safety of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Setting
More than 1 year into the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), the disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an unprecedented number of mass vaccination efforts are under way worldwide. Globally, nearly 3.4 billion doses of
Protomapped by the pros: Proneural factors pattern cortex folding
How the patterns of cortex folding are implemented during embryonic development is poorly understood. In this issue of Neuron, Han et al. (2021) establish that a population of neural progenitor cells co-expressing Neurog2 and Ascl1 are key in this process.
Vaccine-Induced Thrombocytopenia with Severe Headache
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT), a serious adverse event after vaccination with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) or Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson–Janssen), is caused by platelet factor 4 (PF4)–dependent, platelet-activating antibodies. High-dose immune…
[Editorial] A sporting chance
Like all sporting events during COVID-19, the 2021 summer Olympics brought a number of firsts, both positive and negative. These included the remarkable spectacle of athletes competing without the usual crowds of spectators, owing to a spike in cases in
Case 28-2021: A 37-Year-Old Woman with Covid-19 and Suicidal Ideation
Presentation of Case. Dr. Reuben A. Hendler (Psychiatry): A 37-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital because of fever, shortness of breath, and suicidal ideation in March 2020, during the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19). Ten days before this
Museum specimens tell the history of rhinoceroses
Rhinoceroses are facing an uncertain future due to human-induced population-size reductions. In this issue of Cell, Liu et al. analyze rhinoceros genomes to study their past and find support for an early divergence between African and Asian species, signatures of past
[Editorial] Brain health and its social determinants
Opinions about the relative importance of the biological and sociological causes of mental ill health have moved wildly from one extreme to another over the past 50 years. So, when Vivian Pender, the newly elected President of the American Psychiatric
Effect of moderate potassium-elevating treatment in long QT syndrome: the TriQarr Potassium Study
Background In long QT syndrome (LQTS), beta blockers prevent arrhythmias. As a supplement, means to increase potassium has been suggested. We set to investigate the effect of moderate potassium elevation on cardiac repolarisation. Methods Patients with LQTS with a disease-causing
Lifelong lessons in learning: definition of a GP and a specialist
Helen Salisbury sounds like a wonderful GP.1 Grand rounds where no one admits ignorance are thankfully much less frequent now than when she and I were trainees, however.We should remember the…
Correction: Serum androgen profile and physical performance in women Olympic athletes
Eklund E, Berglund B, Labrie F, et al. Serum androgen profile and physical performance in women Olympic athletes. Br J Sports Med 2017;51:1301–08. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-097582 During the process of summarising all data for a thesis, an unintentional error was discovered regarding
Primary prevention of ovarian cancer: a patient decision aid for opportunistic salpingectomy
The discovery of the Fallopian tube epithelium as origin of high grade serous ovarian cancer has brought a new option for ovarian cancer prevention. As the Fallopian tubes have no known function after completion of childbearing, they can be removed
Epigenome plasticity in plants
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 15 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00407-y The authors review intra-individual and inter-individual plant epigenome variation during development and in response to environmental changes, including stress. They also discuss functions of epigenome plasticity and epigenome editing technologies that
[Editorial] Adolescent wellbeing in the UK
The rates of mental illness in young people in the UK have dramatically risen. A 2021 report from the Children’s Commissioner showed that referrals for probable mental health disorders in UK children (aged 5–19 years) were up by 35% in
[Editorial] A social dimension for brain health: the mounting pressure
The prevention of stroke and dementia is the title and focus of the first webinar in an ongoing series on Global Policy organised by the World Stroke Organization (WSO). The series follows up on the WSO Declaration from 2020 that
World Trade Center Health Program: 20 years after 9/11
The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in New York City, at the Pentagon in Arlington, Virginia, and at the crash site near Shanksville, Pennsylvania caused over 3000 deaths in the immediate aftermath, and adversely affected the health of hundreds of
Morris Greenberg: occupational health specialist on a lifelong quest to make the world asbestos free
bmj;374/sep15_11/n2265/FAF1faIn 1967 a young doctor, Morris Greenberg, noted that every surface in a London factory was covered in white asbestos dust. Workers without face masks were brushing the…
Autoimmune nodopathies: treatable neuropathies beyond traditional classifications
Precise characterisation of the target antigens and autoantibody isotypes improves patient care in inflammatory neuropathies Antibodies targeting all neurofascin isoforms (pan-neurofascin) have been associated with variants of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) that include ataxic presentations, cranial nerve involvement, respiratory
Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Abstract Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human
CRISPR systems go mini
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 14 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00419-8 Three recent studies report the generation of miniature CRISPR systems based on compact Cas effector proteins, showing high efficiency of genome editing or transcriptional regulation in mammalian cells.
Assessing access to obstetric care via telehealth in the era of Covid-19
Intestinal-derived HDL: The portal guardian of the liver
The trafficking and function of intestine-derived high-density lipoprotein (HDL) have not been identified. In a recent issue of Science, Han et al. (2021) find that intestine-derived HDL neutralizes intestinal-leaked LPS in the portal vein, serving as a host disease tolerance strategy
[Editorial] Insulin for all: a hope yet to be realised
This year, 2021, we celebrate the centenary of the discovery of insulin—one of the greatest medical achievements of all time. Clinical use of insulin marked the dawn of an era of diabetes management, transforming the lives of people with type
Potential New Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitor Partner for Lung Cancer
There could be a new way to boost the response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors for patients with metastatic non–small cell lung cancer.
Correction: Characteristics of infective endocarditis in a cancer population
BMA moves to neutral position on assisted dying
The BMA has voted to move to a position of neutrality on assisted dying, including physician assisted dying.On Tuesday 14 September the BMA’s annual representative meeting narrowly passed a motion to…
Correction: 61 The inconsistent choices of inotropic and vasopressors at the front door in patients with ischaemic cardiogenic shock and its impact on in-hospital mortality
Shabana A, Dholoo F, Tran P, et al. 61 The inconsistent choices of inotropic and vasopressors at the front door in patients with ischaemic cardiogenic shock and its impact on in-hospital mortality. Heart 2021;107:A51–52. doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2021-BCS.61 This Abstract has been corrected since
Japan’s conditional early approval program for innovative cancer drugs: Comparison of the regulatory processes with the US FDA and the EMA
To achieve economic growth by promoting innovative drug development in Japan, the conditional early approval (CEA) program was initially introduced in the field of regenerative medicine in 2014. The CEA program resembles the accelerated approval (AA) program in the United
Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Abstract Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human
Increasing severity of COVID-19 in pregnancy with Delta (B.1.617.2) variant surge
A role for mitochondrial DNA in cellular proteostasis
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 13 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00418-9 This molecular phenotyping study shows that common variants in mitochondrial DNA associated with diseases of ageing influence cellular protein homeostasis, and that this link is mediated by circulating levels of N-formylmethionine,
Striving for Diversity in Research Studies
Physicians often find it challenging to apply the lessons of large research studies to their clinical practice, especially when the research participants do not reflect the racial identity, ethnicity, age, or sex and gender of the physicians’ patients. Strict eligibility
Covid-19: Children aged 12-15 should be offered vaccine, say UK’s chief medical officers
All children aged 12 to 15 should be offered covid-19 vaccination, the UK’s chief medical officers (CMOs) have said.Setting out their advice to the government, the UK’s four CMOs said they had made…
Impact of risk factors for major cardiovascular diseases: a comparison of life-time observational and Mendelian randomisation findings
Background This study compared the strength and causality of associations between major risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and the four major CVDs: myocardial infarction, ischaemic stroke, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Both a long-term follow-up in an observational cohort
Correspondence on ‘EULAR December 2020 viewpoints on SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in patients with RMDs
In light of their increased risk of worst outcomes following COVID-19 infection, patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs) on immunosuppressive therapy, including systemic glucocorticoids, biological (b) and targeted synthetic (ts) disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), represent a vulnerable population which
Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Abstract Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human
Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Abstract Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human
The MYC oncogene — the grand orchestrator of cancer growth and immune evasion
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00549-2 The MYC proto-oncogenes are among the most commonly activated proteins in human cancer, yet the clinical efficacy of MYC-targeted agents remains to be demonstrated. The authors of this Review describe
Gingival Ulceration
Figure 1.
Cervical cancer prevention and control in women living with human immunodeficiency virus
Abstract Despite being highly preventable, cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and cause of cancer death in women globally. In low-income countries, cervical cancer is often the leading cause of cancer-related morbidity and mortality. Women living with human
Treatment and Prevention of Viral Hepatitis in Pregnancy
Viral hepatitis in pregnancy can be caused by a list of viruses that cause systemic infection or target hepatocytes in their pathogenesis. Since viral hepatitis during pregnancy may represent acute, chronic or reactivation of a prior infection, a high clinical
Does My District Need a Mobile Stroke Unit?
In their article in this issue of the Journal on emergency medical response in cases of stroke, Grotta and colleagues report several positive findings for mobile stroke units in comparison with conventional medical service ambulances. These include 22% greater access
Seasonal Malaria Vaccination with or without Seasonal Malaria Chemoprevention
In many parts of the Sahel and sub-Sahel regions of Africa, malaria transmission is high during a few months of the year. Seasonal malaria chemoprevention, which involves monthly administration of sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine and amodiaquine to young children during the transmission season,
Does My District Need a Mobile Stroke Unit?
In their article in this issue of the Journal on emergency medical response in cases of stroke, Grotta and colleagues report several positive findings for mobile stroke units in comparison with conventional medical service ambulances. These include 22% greater access
Environmental Racism and Climate Change — Missed Diagnoses
The mother clutches her daughter as the nebulized albuterol permeates the young girl’s airways. My eyes dart between the monitor and the child’s small, dark-skinned chest as it heaves up and down at an alarming rate. I smile reassuringly, but
David Oliver: What the plan for social care omitted
Standing on the steps of Downing Street as he took office as UK prime minister in July 2019, Boris Johnson promised to “fix the crisis in social care, once and for all, with a clear plan . . . to…
Decline in Pathogenic Antibodies over Time in VITT
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been described after vaccination with the adenoviral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson–Janssen). VITT is caused by platelet-activating anti–platelet factor 4 (PF4)…
Peak Moments — When Kindergarten Is High Risk
Before my son left home on the first day of school, I took his photo — attempting, like generations of parents before me, to hit the “pause” button on life for a few seconds, capturing the start of a new
Risk of reoperation 10 years after surgical treatment for stress urinary incontinence: a national population-based cohort study.
There is debate about the safety and effectiveness of surgical treatments for stress urinary incontinence. Controversy about the use of synthetic mesh sling insertion has led to increased uptake of retropubic colposuspension and autologous sling procedures. Comparative evidence on long-term
Victimization in people with severe mental health problems: the need to improve research quality, risk stratification and preventive measures
World Psychiatry, Volume 20, Issue 3, Page 437-438, October 2021.
Sense and Sense Ability in a Synthetic Genetic Code
DNA is admired for its perfection as a programmable information molecule: it uses repeating polymerization chemistry to link four nucleotide building blocks (adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine) into any sequence, exploits an intrinsic copying mechanism (chemical base-pairing) to template the…
Environmental Racism and Climate Change — Missed Diagnoses
The mother clutches her daughter as the nebulized albuterol permeates the young girl’s airways. My eyes dart between the monitor and the child’s small, dark-skinned chest as it heaves up and down at an alarming rate. I smile reassuringly, but
Environmental Racism and Climate Change — Missed Diagnoses
The mother clutches her daughter as the nebulized albuterol permeates the young girl’s airways. My eyes dart between the monitor and the child’s small, dark-skinned chest as it heaves up and down at an alarming rate. I smile reassuringly, but
[Editorial] The lottery of primary care for liver disease
Despite rising morbidity and mortality from liver disease in the UK, patient management approaches and adoption of evidence-based care pathways in primary care are highly variable between regions, according to findings from a survey of all Clinical Commissioning Groups (CCGs)
Environmental Racism and Climate Change — Missed Diagnoses
The mother clutches her daughter as the nebulized albuterol permeates the young girl’s airways. My eyes dart between the monitor and the child’s small, dark-skinned chest as it heaves up and down at an alarming rate. I smile reassuringly, but
[Editorial] 9/11 at 20: after war, what?
Two decades after the terrorist attacks that initiated a US-led “war on terror”, what are the implications and prospects for global health and wellbeing? From an American—indeed, western—perspective, the dangers to security today are diverse and complex. The US intelligence
A third of ethnic minority staff working in mental health trusts have experienced harassment, bullying, or abuse at work
Thousands of ethnic minority staff working in mental health trusts are subjected to harassment, bullying, or abuse from the public or work colleagues, an analysis by the Royal College of…
Locally advanced lung cancer
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.
Author Correction: Direct characterization of cis-regulatory elements and functional dissection of complex genetic associations using HCR–FlowFISH
Nature Genetics, Published online: 08 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00943-7 Author Correction: Direct characterization of cis-regulatory elements and functional dissection of complex genetic associations using HCR–FlowFISH
Decline in Pathogenic Antibodies over Time in VITT
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been described after vaccination with the adenoviral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson–Janssen). VITT is caused by platelet-activating anti–platelet factor 4 (PF4)…
Comparative evaluation of coronary disease burden: bicuspid valve disease is not atheroprotective
Objective Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) has been associated with less atherosclerosis as compared with tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) patients. It, however, remains unclear whether this reflects the older age of TAV patients and/or accumulation of atherosclerotic risk factors or that
Decline in Pathogenic Antibodies over Time in VITT
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been described after vaccination with the adenoviral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson–Janssen). VITT is caused by platelet-activating anti–platelet factor 4 (PF4)…
Peak Moments — When Kindergarten Is High Risk
Before my son left home on the first day of school, I took his photo — attempting, like generations of parents before me, to hit the “pause” button on life for a few seconds, capturing the start of a new
Decline in Pathogenic Antibodies over Time in VITT
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) has been described after vaccination with the adenoviral vector vaccines ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (Oxford–AstraZeneca) and Ad26.COV2.S (Johnson & Johnson–Janssen). VITT is caused by platelet-activating anti–platelet factor 4 (PF4)…
Mexico decriminalises abortion in unanimous Supreme Court vote
Mexico has decriminalised abortion after the country’s Supreme Court ruled that prosecuting abortion cases was unconstitutional.1Mexico, the world’s second biggest Roman Catholic country, is made up…
Correction: The putative tumour suppressor microRNA-124 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell aggressiveness by repressing ROCK2 and EZH2
Zheng F, Liao Y-J, Cai M-Y, et al. The putative tumour suppressor microRNA-124 modulates hepatocellular carcinoma cell aggressiveness by repressing ROCK2 and EZH2. Gut 2012;61:278–89. doi:10.1136/gut.2011.239145 The representative image of siEZH2 cells in Figure 4A, and the representative images of
Fundamentals and developments in fluorescence-guided cancer surgery
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 07 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00548-3 Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) using tumour-targeted imaging agents has emerged over the past decade as a method of intraoperative cancer detection; however, the clinical implementation of tumour-targeted FGS remains in the
Do gender and racial differences exist in letters of recommendation for obstetrics and gynecology residency applicants?
Studies in several fields demonstrate gender and racial differences in descriptions of applicants in letters of recommendation. However, gender and racial bias in obstetrics and gynecology residency letters of recommendation are understudied.
RNA demethylation for increased crop yields
Nature Genetics, Published online: 07 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00937-5 RNA demethylation for increased crop yields
Glucocorticoid resistance and hyperlactatemia: A tag team to worsen sepsis
Glucocorticoid resistance often dims glucocorticoid’s therapeutic efficacy in sepsis. However, the mechanism is incompletely understood. In this issue, Vandewalle et al. (2021) demonstrate that glucocorticoid resistance leads to hyperlactatemia and that this combination facilitates lethal sepsis. This insight gives important clarity
Notice of Retraction. Walach H, et al. Experimental Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Content in Inhaled Air With or Without Face Masks in Healthy Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial
A Notice of Retraction about the article “Experimental Assessment of Carbon Dioxide Content in Inhaled Air With or Without Face Masks in Healthy Children: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” by Walach H, et al, has been published.
Emoji for the Medical Community
This Arts and Medicine feature reviews currently available medical emoji and proposes that an expanded set of images could improve medical communication, clinical care, and public health.
NHS funding: {pound}5.4bn boost must be first of many, say health leaders
The NHS in England will get an extra £5.4bn (€6.3bn; $7.5bn) in funding over the next six months to help tackle lengthening waiting lists and manage the immediate pressures of the covid pandemic, the…
It’s not a mystery, it’s in the history: Multidisciplinary management of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 71, Issue 5, Page 369-380, September/October 2021.
Clinical and therapeutic relevance of cancer-associated fibroblasts
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00546-5 Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are inherently linked with cancers and have long been considered attractive therapeutic targets. However, the existence of several CAF subpopulations with substantial phenotypic and functional heterogeneity and
FoGS provides a public FAQ repository for social and behavioral genomic discoveries
Nature Genetics, Published online: 06 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00929-5 Here we introduce ‘FAQs on Genomic Studies’ (FoGS), an open-access repository of explanatory documents that accompany genomic analyses in social and behavioral genomics. For fields such as social and behavioral genomics that
The link between COVID-19 and Preeclampsia
When will the GMC admit that its processes might be racially biased?
Esmail and Everington call for the General Medical Council to eradicate faster the disadvantages faced by ethnic minority doctors in medical education and regulation.1When I entered medical school in…
Sonographic knowledge of occiput position to decrease failed operative vaginal delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
To assess the efficacy of ultrasound assessment of fetal occiput position prior to operative vaginal delivery (OVD) in decreasing failed OVD.
MRI-Targeted or Standard Biopsy in Prostate Cancer Screening
Organized prostate cancer screening in which prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is followed by standard systematic, ultrasonography-guided, transrectal biopsy of the prostate in men with elevated PSA levels reduces prostate cancer mortality. However, PSA-based screening also leads to high…
Abdominopelvic Actinomycosis
Figure 1.
Worse Outcomes of Pregnancy in COVID-19 Infection during Parturition may be due to Referral Bias: Analysis in a Prospective Cohort of 963 pregnancies
Testing the super-enhancer concept
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 03 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00398-w In this Viewpoint, five experts discuss our biological understanding of super-enhancers, how we can responsibly study their functions, and their opinions on whether names for enhancer clusters are an informative reflection
Effectiveness of an Inactivated SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Chile
The coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has imposed an enormous disease burden worldwide, with more than 159 million cases and approximately 3.3 million deaths reported as of May 10, 2021. Covid-19 is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Efpeglenatide in Type 2 Diabetes
The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events among persons with diabetes is triple that among persons without diabetes; the incidence of adverse renal events is also high among persons with diabetes. The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events rises with increasing duration
[Editorial] Medical professionalism and physician wellbeing
Integrity, compassion, altruism, continuous improvement, excellence, working in partnership—these are the values of medical professionalism, according to a working group formed by the Royal College of Physicians in 2005. More recently, ideas about professionalism have focused on the attributes required
Covid-19: JCVI opts not to recommend universal vaccination of 12-15 year olds
The UK’s Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation (JCVI) has not recommended that all young people aged 12-15 are given the covid-19 vaccination, and it has instead asked ministers to seek…
Does recurrent catatonia manifest in a similar fashion in all the episodes of mood disorder? A case series with literature review
Catatonia, originally conceptualised by Kahlbaum in 1868, is a neuropsychiatric condition that has been found to occur concomitantly with several organic and psychiatric conditions. Starting from the era of Kraepelin and Bleuler, this condition was faultily linked with schizophrenia alone;
More Cancer Centers Requiring COVID Shots for Workers [News in Depth]
The number of major cancer centers across the United States that are mandating COVID-19 vaccination for employees is on the rise. But nationwide, there is no consistent policy despite growing calls from leading medical organizations saying that such requirements are
Healing takes nerve
Epidermal stem cells display remarkable capacities to restore the barrier upon skin injury. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Huang et al. (2021) use innovative high-resolution intravital imaging to identify a vital function of sensory nerves in regulating a subset
Therapeutic Plasma Exchange in Vaccine-Induced Immune Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia
To the Editor: Vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is characterized by thrombosis and thrombocytopenia that occurs 5 to 30 days after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination and is associated with heparin-independent platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. Mortality from VITT is approximately…
Trajectories of antenatal depression and increased odds of preterm birth.
Large-scale cis– and trans-eQTL analyses identify thousands of genetic loci and polygenic scores that regulate blood gene expression
Nature Genetics, Published online: 02 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00913-z Analyses of expression profiles from whole blood of 31,684 individuals identify cis-expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) effects for 88% of genes and trans-eQTL effects for 37% of trait-associated variants.
Treatment of Relapsing HPV Diseases by Restored Function of Natural Killer Cells
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection causes up to 4.5% of all new cancer cases worldwide and represents 29.5% of all infection-related cancers. The immunologic determinants of HPV epithelial colonization, persistence, and progression to HPV-associated dysplasia are largely unknown. Thus, integrated…
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Efpeglenatide in Type 2 Diabetes
The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events among persons with diabetes is triple that among persons without diabetes; the incidence of adverse renal events is also high among persons with diabetes. The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events rises with increasing duration
Immune Thrombocytopenia Treatment
Idiopathic thrombocytopenia (ITP) has a long history. In 1025, Avicenna described in the Canon of Medicine a patient with characteristics of ITP, which became known as “idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.” Splenectomy was the first effective treatment, beginning in 1916, achieving a
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Efpeglenatide in Type 2 Diabetes
The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events among persons with diabetes is triple that among persons without diabetes; the incidence of adverse renal events is also high among persons with diabetes. The incidence of adverse cardiovascular events rises with increasing duration
Population Health and Human Rights
Should access to health services be considered a human right? This is one of the fundamental ethical and political questions facing every society, but both the answers and the ways in which countries have acted on them vary substantially. Until
Correction to: Altered Brain Network Connectivity Underlies Persistent Post-Traumatic Headache following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Youth by Lemme, J., et al., (DOI: 10.1089/neu.2020.7189)
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 38, Issue 17, Page 2486-2486, September 1, 2021.
Chronic Meningitis
In his 1987 editorial in the Journal, in which he commented on an article about serologic testing of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the diagnosis of meningeal sporotrichosis, Dr. Morton Swartz suggested that there are “many causes to consider” when clinicians
Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from Children and Adolescents
To the Editor: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in children is often asymptomatic or results in only mild disease. Data on the extent of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from children and adolescents in the household setting, including transmission
Organs-on-a-chip models for biological research
Organ-on-a-chip technologies promise to bridge a long-standing gap between animal models and in vivo human studies, but several challenges remain for making this technology broadly utilizable.
Child access prevention legislative language and pediatric firearm injury rates
Backgroud Firearm injuries are a significant public health problem facing young people in the USA. In 2015, a total of 16 878 people under 19 years old were injured or killed by firearms. To reduce firearm injuries, 29 states and
S Kameswaran
bmj;374/sep02_10/n2167/FAF1faS Kameswaran studied under P V Cherian, who later became the governor of Maharashtra, India. He worked as his assistant and left for the UK in the 1950s, along with his…
A cfDNA-based approach is feasible
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 01 September 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00557-2 A cfDNA-based approach is feasible
Phase I Study of Docetaxel and Temsirolimus in Refractory Solid Tumors
Introduction: The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a downstream mediator in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway, and plays a central role in cell proliferation, growth, differentiation, migration, and survival. Temsirolimus (CCI-779), a selective inhibitor of the mTOR, is an
The Impact of Preoperative Pelvic Pain on Outcomes after Vaginal Reconstructive Surgery
Pelvic pain is a debilitating condition that is common among women with pelvic floor disorders. Limited information is known about the impact of preoperative pelvic pain on outcomes after vaginal reconstructive surgery.
Data in Crisis — Rethinking Disaster Preparedness in the United States
In 2017, Hurricane Maria’s devastating impact in Puerto Rico exposed significant flaws in the U.S. medical and public health response to natural disasters. The majority of the nearly 3000 excess deaths caused by the hurricane were attributable not to its
Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death
Elevated dietary sodium consumption, as well as low levels of dietary potassium intake, is associated with high blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Randomized trials of dietary sodium reduction, as well as trials of
Resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Highly Vaccinated Health System Workforce
To the Editor: In December 2020, the University of California San Diego Health (UCSDH) workforce experienced a dramatic increase in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections. Vaccination with mRNA vaccines began in mid-December 2020; by March, 76% of
Addressing the gender pain gap
Chronic pain is more common in women, however, our understanding of sex-specific differences in pain mechanisms is rudimentary. In this issue of Neuron, Luo et al., (2021) delineate a novel sex-specific neuro-immune pathway contributing to enhanced mechanical pain in females.
Effect of Salt Substitution on Cardiovascular Events and Death
Elevated dietary sodium consumption, as well as low levels of dietary potassium intake, is associated with high blood pressure and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and premature death. Randomized trials of dietary sodium reduction, as well as trials of
[Editorial] COVID-19, smoking, and cancer: a dangerous liaison
An Article published in The Lancet Respiratory Medicine on Aug 16, 2021, makes shocking reading. The paper reports the latest Global Burden of Disease (GBD) incidence and mortality data from 1990 to 2019 for tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancers. There
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