The Royal College of Emergency Medicine’s lead patient representative has written an open letter to the head of NHS England strongly criticising plans to review the target for 95% of patients…
Clinical research advancements shaping ‘best practice
We are excited to present this AMSSM-BJSM issue, emphasising the highest quality clinical research by members of the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) to help shape ‘best practice’. This call for papers resulted in a record number of
Real-world data: towards achieving the achievable in cancer care
Real-world data: towards achieving the achievable in cancer care Real-world data: towards achieving the achievable in cancer care, Published online: 30 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0167-7 In the past few years, the use of data from the real world has garnered increasing
Surgery remains the best solution for patients with soft‐tissue sarcomas
Increased Risk of Incident Chronic Medical Conditions in Infertile Women: Analysis of Us Claims Data
The risk of common chronic medical conditions among infertile women is not known.
[Editorial] Fuelling the Global Fund
On Jan 11, 2019, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria announced the fundraising target for its next 3 year replenishment cycle—“The single most important public health measure of 2019”, according to a blog by Jeffrey Sachs and
Cell-Type-Specific Patterned Stimulus-Independent Neuronal Activity in the Drosophila Visual System during Synapse Formation
Akin and Bajar et al. report that stimulus-independent neural activity occurs in cell-type-specific patterns during synapse formation in Drosophila. Their findings suggest that neural activity may be a fundamental feature of brain development.
[Editorial] Pleural mesothelioma: tackling a deadly cancer
A new study from the University of Pittsburgh has highlighted six factors that are associated with improved survival in patients with mesothelioma; age under 45 years, female, epithelioid histological subtype, peritoneal mesothelioma, stage 1 cancer, and being treated with both
Kent is told not to cancel blood donor sessions around Brexit over traffic fears
The government has ordered NHS officials to reverse a decision to cancel blood donation sessions in parts of Kent because of concerns that Brexit will cause major traffic congestion at Channel…
Twenty years of misdiagnosis of schizophrenia in a patient with Dandy-Walker variant syndrome
Various case reports of patients with Dandy-Walker variant syndrome mimicking schizophrenia have been published in the last 20 years, suggesting that this neurodevelopment disorder should be part of the differential diagnosis for every patient with a first episode of psychosis.
[Editorial] To treat, or not to treat: the dilemma for pregnant women
Pregnancy is accompanied with profound physiological changes that can induce various haematological complications, such as anaemia, bleeding disorders, and thrombosis. Some of these complications are associated with maternal and fetal mortality, as well as long-term health-related issues for both mothers
Association between obesity and bacterial vaginosis as assessed by Nugent score
Bacterial vaginosis is one of the most common vaginal conditions in the U.S. Recent studies have suggested obese women have an abnormal microbiota reminiscent of BV; however, few studies have investigated the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis in overweight and obese
A Neutrophil Timer Coordinates Immune Defense and Vascular Protection
Neutrophils display circadian oscillations in numbers and phenotype in the circulation. Adrover and colleagues now identify the molecular regulators of neutrophil aging and show that genetic disruption of this process has major consequences in immune cell trafficking, anti-microbial defense, and
Author Correction: Association analysis in over 329,000 individuals identifies 116 independent variants influencing neuroticism
Author Correction: Association analysis in over 329,000 individuals identifies 116 independent variants influencing neuroticism Author Correction: Association analysis in over 329,000 individuals identifies 116 independent variants influencing neuroticism, Published online: 29 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0357-3 Author Correction: Association analysis in over
Integrative single-cell analysis
Integrative single-cell analysis Integrative single-cell analysis, Published online: 29 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0093-7 The functional interpretation of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data can be enhanced by integrating additional data types beyond RNA-based gene expression. In this Review, Stuart and Satija discuss
Simple renal cysts and bovine aortic arch: markers for aortic disease
Objective This study aimed to assess the prevalence of thoracic aortic disease (TAD) and abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) among patients with simple renal cyst (SRC) and bovine aortic arch (BAA). Methods Through a retrospective search for patients who underwent both
Activity Correlations between Direction-Selective Retinal Ganglion Cells Synergistically Enhance Motion Decoding from Complex Visual Scenes
Direction-selective retinal ganglion cells encode visual motion but also respond to luminance changes. Kühn and Gollisch report that this dual-feature sensitivity creates ambiguities for decoding complex motion stimuli. Population decoding resolves these ambiguities and provides a synergistic motion readout.
Secondhand Smoke Exposure
Secondhand smoke exposure remains high, with 1 in 4 nonsmoking US residents exposed, including nearly 2 in 5 children, according to a CDC report.
Mesh study author failed to declare {pound}100 000 from manufacturer
A senior medical consultant and researcher has acknowledged that he failed to declare £100 000 received from the manufacturer of a type of vaginal mesh implant that he assessed in a 2012…
Towards evidence-based emergency medicine: best BETs from the Manchester Royal Infirmary
Best evidence topic reports (BETs) summarise the evidence pertaining to particular clinical questions. They are not systematic reviews, but rather contain the best (highest level) evidence that can be practically obtained by busy practising clinicians. The search strategies used to
Correction: Heart rate: surrogate or target in the management of heart failure?
Böhm M, Reil J. Heart rate: surrogate or target in the management of heart failure? Heart 2013;99:72–75. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-302301. In this published editorial the author Michael Böhm should have declared the following competing interests ‘MB has received fees, research grants from Servier, scientific
Hybrid minimally invasive surgery overtakes open surgery
Hybrid minimally invasive surgery overtakes open surgery Hybrid minimally invasive surgery overtakes open surgery, Published online: 28 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0176-6 Hybrid minimally invasive surgery overtakes open surgery
Medical Specialty of Buprenorphine Prescribers for Pregnant Women with Opioid Use Disorder
EZH2 oncogenic mutations drive epigenetic, transcriptional, and structural changes within chromatin domains
EZH2 oncogenic mutations drive epigenetic, transcriptional, and structural changes within chromatin domains EZH2 oncogenic mutations drive epigenetic, transcriptional, and structural changes within chromatin domains, Published online: 28 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0338-y Oncogenic gain-of-function EZH2 mutations alter gene–promoter interactions and lead to
A Photoactivatable Botulinum Neurotoxin for Inducible Control of Neurotransmission
Few tools in neuroscience allow long-term synapse inhibition with light. We engineered botulinum neurotoxin B so that it can be switched on with blue light. Light activation results in robust proteolysis of VAMP2, a SNARE protein universally required for neurotransmitter
Congo’s Ebola epidemic is now its worst ever and still spreading
Political unrest over the Democratic Republic of Congo’s recent election as well as continued guerrilla activity in the country’s north east have hampered the response to an Ebola epidemic that has…
Implementing TMB measurement in clinical practice: considerations on assay requirements
Clinical evidence demonstrates that treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy agents can have considerable benefit across multiple tumours. However, there is a need for the development of predictive biomarkers that identify patients who are most likely to respond to immunotherapy.
Contemporary Approaches to High-risk, Early-Stage Serous Endometrial Cancer: Clinical Equipoise Persists
No abstract available
Painful ulceration of the vulva
Learning the language of splicing
Learning the language of splicing Learning the language of splicing, Published online: 25 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0097-3 A new study uses deep learning to predict genetic variants that generate cryptic splice sites and to investigate the role of these non-coding cryptic
[Editorial] Task sharing: stopgap or end goal?
The disparity between the burden of mental ill health and the resources available to address it is well known. One solution is task sharing—a process developed in global health fields such as HIV management that involves training community health workers
[Editorial] At the turn of the tide: human rights and health in 2019
A pattern of political turmoil, violence, and intolerance in all corners of the world, from Europe to Asia and the USA, is following a rise of populist leaders and authoritarian governments. Human rights are under autocratic threat. Once-influential rights defenders,
Pharmacological interventions for the prevention of contrast-induced acute kidney injury in high-risk adult patients undergoing coronary angiography: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials
Objective Quantify the efficacy of strategies to prevent contrast-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI) in high-risk patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG) with or without percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Background CI-AKI remains a common problem. The renoprotective efficacy of existing pharmacological agents
Psychiatrists cancel cannabis debate after no one would argue for criminalising users
A debate on whether criminalising people who use cannabis protects against mental ill health did not take place because no one agreed to argue that current UK law protects the health of people who…
‘Mrs A: a controversial or extreme case?
It is sometimes said by legal scholars that ‘hard cases make bad law’, by which they mean an extreme case provides a poor lens through which to view general laws. It can be said in retort that ‘bad laws make
Aging Disrupts Muscle Stem Cell Function by Impairing Matricellular WISP1 Secretion from Fibro-Adipogenic Progenitors
Feige and colleagues report that aging impairs matricellular signals in the skeletal muscle stem cell niche by affecting the function of fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs). Aged FAPs secrete less matricellular WISP1, leading to impaired myogenic commitment of muscle stem cells (MuSCs).
Integration of Genomic and Transcriptional Features in Pancreatic Cancer Reveals Increased Cell Cycle Progression in Metastases
Connor et al. molecularly characterize primary and metastatic PDAC and show conserved alterations between primary and metastatic lesions. Clinical features outperform molecular alterations in survival analyses, but cell cycle progression and hypoxia signatures may inform clinical practice.
Cystoscopy at the time of benign hysterectomy: A decision analysis
Gynecologists debate the optimal use for intraoperative cystoscopy at the time of benign hysterectomy. Although adding cystoscopy leads to additional up-front cost, it may also enable intraoperative detection of a urinary tract injury that may otherwise go unnoticed. Prompt injury
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Desaturation Is a Mechanism for Glycolytic NAD+ Recycling
Kim et al. find that highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) synthesis is a mechanism for glycolytic NAD+ recycling, analogous to lactate fermentation. This finding highlights a key biologic role for lipid desaturation independent of HUFA end products and provides insight into
A Mast-Cell-Specific Receptor Mediates Neurogenic Inflammation and Pain
Green et al. show that activation of the mast cell receptor Mrgprb2/X2 by the neuropeptide substance P leads to cytokine release and recruitment of immune cells contributing to inflammatory pain.
The cis-Regulatory Atlas of the Mouse Immune System
A cis-regulatory map of the mouse immune system illuminates gene expression patterns and regulatory logic across 86 primary cell types and pairs immune transcription factors with cell-type-specific regulatory elements.
The trouble with girls: obstacles to women’s success in medicine and research—an essay by Laurie Garrett
This essay by Laurie Garrett (BMJ 2018;363:k5232, doi:10.1136/bmj.k5232, 13 Dec 2018; print issue 15-29 Dec 2018) contained some errors.Rather than the Wellcome Trust, it was the researchers…
The focused assessment with sonography in trauma (FAST) in hypotensive injured patients frequently fails to identify the need for laparotomy: a multi-institutional pragmatic study
Background The ability of focused assessment with sonography for trauma (FAST) to detect clinically significant hemorrhage in hypotensive injured patients remains unclear. We sought to describe the sensitivity and specificity of FAST using findings at laparotomy as the confirmatory test.
Trends in road transport collision deaths in the Irish paediatric population: a retrospective review of mortality data, 1991-2015
Objective To establish the incidence of road transport collision (RTC) fatalities in the Irish paediatric population, examining trends in fatality rates over a period of 25 years, during which several national road safety interventions were implemented. Study design Retrospective review
Rectal cancer — not a waiting game?
Rectal cancer — not a waiting game? Rectal cancer — not a waiting game?, Published online: 23 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0174-8 Rectal cancer — not a waiting game?
SMFM Consult Series #: Sepsis during pregnancy and the puerperium
Maternal sepsis is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and mortality and is a preventable cause of maternal death. The purpose of this guideline is to summarize what is known about sepsis and to provide guidance for the management of
Chromatin accessibility and the regulatory epigenome
Chromatin accessibility and the regulatory epigenome Chromatin accessibility and the regulatory epigenome, Published online: 23 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0089-8 Chromatin accessibility comprises the positions, compaction and dynamics of nucleosomes, as well as the occupancy of DNA by other proteins such as
The Short Chain Fatty Acid Butyrate Imprints an Antimicrobial Program in Macrophages
Macrophages maintain gut homeostasis by eliminating invasive pathogens and regulating inflammatory responses. Schulthess et al. demonstrate that butyrate, a bacterial fermentation product, imprints potent antimicrobial activity during macrophage differentiation through HDAC3i function.
Endothelium-Derived Semaphorin 3G Regulates Hippocampal Synaptic Structure and Plasticity via Neuropilin-2/PlexinA4
Tan et al. reveal a key mechanism that underlies signaling from endothelial cells to neurons in the brain. They identify that the endothelium-secreted protein semaphorin 3G (Sema3G) regulates synaptic structure and plasticity in hippocampal neurons through its neuronal neuropilin-2/PlexinA4 holoreceptor.
Depression in children: offer digital CBT as first line treatment, says NICE
Children and young people with mild depression should be offered digital cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) as first line treatment, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence has…
Highlights from this issue
As 2018 draws to a close, it is satisfying to pull together a particularly diverse and interesting issue of STI journal in this final Whistlestop Tour before I hand over as Editor in Chief. Some of our print issues are
Highlights from this issue
Pragmatism Pragmatism is generally taken to mean ‘practical’, a means of operation which is both user and subject friendly. We are all bound to an extent by pragmatism as this defines the world we inhabit, simultaneously adhering to certain rules
Intravenous Infusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Alters Motor Cortex Gene Expression in a Rat Model of Acute Spinal Cord Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 36, Issue 3, Page 411-420, February 1, 2019.
Flucelvax Tetra: a surface antigen, inactivated, influenza vaccine prepared in cell cultures
Approvals in 2018: a histology-agnostic new molecular entity, novel end points and real-time review
Approvals in 2018: a histology-agnostic new molecular entity, novel end points and real-time review Approvals in 2018: a histology-agnostic new molecular entity, novel end points and real-time review, Published online: 22 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0170-z In 2018, the FDA approved 19
Inherited predisposition to stillbirth: an intergenerational analysis of 26,788 mother-daughter pairs
Previous evidence suggests that placental dysfunction including pre-eclampsia is inherited from mother to daughter, but heritability of stillbirth has never been investigated.
Human protein mutagens found via bacteria
Human protein mutagens found via bacteria Human protein mutagens found via bacteria, Published online: 22 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0096-4 A new study published in Cell uses bacterial genetic screens to identify mutagenic proteins. Overexpression of homologues of these proteins in human
Cell-Type-Specific Interleukin 1 Receptor 1 Signaling in the Brain Regulates Distinct Neuroimmune Activities
Liu et al. employ a genetic knockin reporter system in mice to track and reciprocally delete and/or express IL-1 receptor 1 (IL-1R1) in specific CNS cell types. They define cell-type-specific roles for IL-1 signaling, including an essential role for endothelial IL-1R1
[Editorial] Spotlight on rare diseases
Feb 28 is Rare Disease Day, the theme of which this year is “bridging health and social care”. This 12th annual Rare Disease Day highlights the need for better coordination of medical, social, and support services to lessen the burden
Structured Odorant Response Patterns across a Complete Olfactory Receptor Neuron Population
The combinatorial olfactory code conveys odor stimulus features in an entangled manner. Si et al. uncover structure and statistical properties in ORN responses that allow separated representations of odor features and shine light on the mechanism of molecular recognition by olfactory
Measles Cases Rise Around the Globe
Although measles vaccination has saved more than 21 million lives since 2000, reported measles cases increased worldwide by 31% from 2016 to 2017 in large part because of falling vaccination coverage, according to a recent report on the progress of
Rethinking, reflecting, and reconnecting to medicine
The editorial by Marshall and colleagues immediately resonated with me, as I am sure it has with many other medical colleagues.1 We must realise the interconnectedness of things. A public health…
Advancing injury prevention in China
With an average gross domestic product (GDP) growth of nearly 10% per year over the past few decades, China has demonstrated the most rapid sustained economic growth of any major economy in history. However, with economic growth has also come
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation and rectal cancer
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation (NACR) is now standard of care in stage II and III rectal cancer. The advent of this modality of treatment has impacted on the way the pathological evaluation of resection specimens that have been subjected to preoperative chemoradiation
Highlights from this issue
Micro-interventional endocapsular nucleus disassembly: novel technique and results of first-in-human randomized controlled study (see page 176) In a prospective, masked, multi-surgeon randomised clinical trail, the authors observed that microinterventional cataract fragmentation and endocapsular nucleus disassembly prior to conventional phacoemulsification safely
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency as a differential diagnosis of neurofibromatosis type 1: consensus guidelines for testing a child without malignancy
Constitutional mismatch repair deficiency (CMMRD) is a rare childhood cancer predisposition syndrome caused by biallelic germline mutations in one of four mismatch-repair genes. Besides very high tumour risks, CMMRD phenotypes are often characterised by the presence of signs reminiscent of
Statistical ranking of electromechanical dyssynchrony parameters for CRT
Objective Mechanical evaluation of dyssynchrony by echocardiography has not replaced ECG in routine cardiac resynchronisation therapy (CRT) evaluation because of its complexity and lack of reproducibility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential correlations between electromechanical parameters
CRISPR–Cas: a tool for cancer research and therapeutics
CRISPR–Cas: a tool for cancer research and therapeutics CRISPR–Cas: a tool for cancer research and therapeutics, Published online: 21 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0166-8 CRISPR systems have enabled important advances in cancer research by accelerating the development of study models or as
Harnessing the potential of germplasm collections
Harnessing the potential of germplasm collections Harnessing the potential of germplasm collections, Published online: 21 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0340-4 Contemporary genomics and informatics technologies were used to provide a meaningful and insightful overview of more than 20,000 wild and domesticated barley
Understanding and preventing atherosclerosis: from bench to bedside
Detection of Multiway Gamma Coordination Reveals How Frequency Mixing Shapes Neural Dynamics
In nonlinear systems, converging oscillatory inputs undergo frequency mixing, resulting in additional oscillations in the system’s response. Neural recordings exhibit spectral properties predicted by this process suggesting that not all oscillations originate from synaptic inputs rhythmically active at corresponding frequencies.
More than two thirds of medical students cut down spending on essentials, survey finds
Seven out of 10 UK medical students are cutting down on essentials such as heating, food, or professional clothes in order to economise, a BMA survey has suggested.1Some 639 medical students were…
Finlands sports physiotherapy conference–athlete training and loading: Helsinki 7-8 June 2019
As we were finalising this Warm Up on New Year’s Day, we two authors, one from Finland the other from Canada, undertook a bet as our teams were opponents in the Quarter Finals of the International Ice Federation World Junior
Impact of automated OCT in a high-volume eye urgent care setting
Background/Aims Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become standard of care in the diagnosis and management of a myriad of retinal and optic nerve pathology. Access to diagnostic equipment and skilled imaging personnel in the after-hours setting is often limited. We
Global cardiac surgery: lessons learnt from the global neurosurgery movement
Introduction Surgical care is increasingly considered as a crucial pillar of robust health systems. Five billion people worldwide lack access to safe surgical care, responsible for 16.9 million deaths every year and one-third of the global burden of disease.1 Contrary
FOLFIRINOX goes adjuvant
FOLFIRINOX goes adjuvant FOLFIRINOX goes adjuvant, Published online: 18 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0171-y FOLFIRINOX goes adjuvant
Prevention is the role of governments, not health systems
We are told that prevention is at the heart of the long term plan for the NHS, published last week (doi:10.1136/bmj.l80; doi:10.1136/bmj.l85). This sounds like good news; prevention is, after all,…
Organoid-Induced Differentiation of Conventional T Cells from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells
Montel-Hagen and colleagues developed an efficient and standardized organoid system (PSC-ATOs) to induce hematopoietic specification and the generation of conventional naive T cells from human pluripotent stem cells. This method also permitted the generation of naive, antigen-specific T cells with anti-tumor activity
Autoregulation of Osteocyte Sema3A Orchestrates Estrogen Action and Counteracts Bone Aging
Menopause is associated with bone loss. Hayashi et al. show that estrogen induces expression of the osteoprotective protein semaphorin 3A (Sema3A), which acts on osteocytes to promote their survival and maintain bone homeostasis. An activator of soluble guanylate cyclase-cGMP signaling mimicked
Extensive Unexplored Human Microbiome Diversity Revealed by Over 150,000 Genomes from Metagenomes Spanning Age, Geography, and Lifestyle
The human microbiome harbors many unidentified species. By large-scale metagenomic assembly of samples from diverse populations, we uncovered >150,000 microbial genomes that are recapitulated in 4,930 species. Many species (77%) were never described before, increase the mappability of metagenomes, and
[Editorial] Sudan’s threatened health and humanitarian crisis
Sudan is on a trajectory towards a health and humanitarian crisis because of a near total collapse in national governance. For many of the country’s residents, who have long faced crippling economic hardship that has been intensifying since the division
Long-Range Guidance of Spinal Commissural Axons by Netrin1 and Sonic Hedgehog from Midline Floor Plate Cells
Recent studies have queried the role of netrin1 from floor plate (FP-netrin1) in guiding commissural axons. Wu et al. show that, in spinal cord, FP-netrin1 is required and acts at long range to guide commissural axons, collaborating with Shh.
[Editorial] Why are patients with epilepsy not getting treatment?
The global burden of epilepsy is huge. In 2016, 45·9 million people worldwide were reported to have epilepsy, and epilepsy accounted for 126 055 deaths and 13·5 million disability-adjusted life-years. Although around 70% of patients with epilepsy respond to antiepileptic drugs,
“Only outcome is erasure,” says ȷudge about doctor who was suspended for lying about chaperone
A High Court judge has ordered a doctor who performed aesthetic procedures in the private sector to be struck off the UK medical register after quashing an “illogical and flawed” medical…
Highlights from this issue
‘Rules are for the obedience of fools and the guidance of wise men’. Douglas Bader Group Captain Sir Douglas Bader was a fighter pilot who returned to flying despite having lost both legs in a crash. He was famously determined
Tobacco control initiatives cut the number of lung cancer deaths in California by 28%
Baby sequencing steps
Baby sequencing steps Baby sequencing steps, Published online: 16 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-019-0094-6 The BabySeq project, a pilot randomized clinical trial exploring the value of routine genomic sequencing of neonates compared with standard newborn screening, now reports initial results in the
[Editorial] Children’s needs in an Ebola virus disease outbreak
Since August, 2018, an outbreak of Ebola virus disease has been ongoing in the North Kivu province in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. This is the tenth outbreak of the disease in the country since 1976, but what makes
Authors’ reply to Skovenborg and Manfredini and colleagues
We appreciate the thoughtful comments from Skovenborg and Manfredini and colleagues on our study about shift work, unhealthy lifestyle, and type 2 diabetes.11011We did not include alcohol intake as a…
Atypical chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies
We need greater vigilance, with more rigid or standard criteria for atypical CIDP Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy progressive for more than 2 months, including several clinical subtypes.1 2 In 1975, Dyck et al3 described the
Towards risk-stratified induction regimens
Towards risk-stratified induction regimens Towards risk-stratified induction regimens, Published online: 15 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-019-0168-6 Towards risk-stratified induction regimens
Surgery remains the best solution for patients with soft‐tissue sarcomas
Author Correction: Assembly of a pan-genome from deep sequencing of 910 humans of African descent
Author Correction: Assembly of a pan-genome from deep sequencing of 910 humans of African descent Author Correction: Assembly of a pan-genome from deep sequencing of 910 humans of African descent, Published online: 15 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0335-1 Author Correction: Assembly of
Genomic imprinting disorders: lessons on how genome, epigenome and environment interact
Genomic imprinting disorders: lessons on how genome, epigenome and environment interact Genomic imprinting disorders: lessons on how genome, epigenome and environment interact, Published online: 15 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0092-0 Disruption of genomic imprinting can lead to disease. Recent studies suggest that
Functional Synaptic Architecture of Callosal Inputs in Mouse Primary Visual Cortex
Lee et al. examine the functional synaptic organization of callosal projections onto layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons in the primary visual cortices of mice. They find that callosal and intra-cortical inputs with similar orientation preference cluster together on short dendritic segments.
Adolescent Vaping and Nicotine Use in 2017–2018 — U.S. National Estimates
To the Editor: A rapid increase in the prevalence of vaping among adolescents has aroused public health concern. Adolescents who “vape” use a device such as an electronic cigarette to inhale a heated aerosol, which typically contains nicotine. In 2017,
Youth e-Cigarette Use
One in 5 high school students and 1 in 20 middle school students reported using e-cigarettes in the past 30 days in 2018, according to data from the CDC’s National Youth Tobacco Survey.
Adolescent Vaping and Nicotine Use in 2017–2018 — U.S. National Estimates
To the Editor: A rapid increase in the prevalence of vaping among adolescents has aroused public health concern. Adolescents who “vape” use a device such as an electronic cigarette to inhale a heated aerosol, which typically contains nicotine. In 2017,
Clinical implications of increased testing in primary care
O’Sullivan and colleagues showed a marked increase in test usage in primary care.1 This has implications not only for general practitioner workload, but also for clinicians interpreting test results….
Usual adult occupation and risk of prostate cancer in West African men: the Ghana Prostate Study
Objectives Established prostate cancer (PCa) risk factors include age, family history of PCa and African ancestry. Studies, mostly among highly screened, predominantly European ancestral populations, suggest that employment in certain occupations (eg, farming, military) may also have an increased risk
Highlights from this issue
Valentine’s edition Emperor Claudius II banned marriage because he believed married men would make for bad soldiers. Valentine broke these rules and arranged marriages in secret and was eventually thrown into jail. There, he fell in love with the jailer’s
Heartbeat: Fixed dose combination drugs for hypertension
Fixed dose combination (FDC) drugs are standard practice in the treatment of infectious diseases, but their role in chronic non-communicable diseases is unclear. FDC anti-hypertensive drugs are an attractive option to improve compliance by reducing the number of pills taken
Hydroxyurea for Children with Sickle Cell Anemia in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sickle hemoglobinopathies are common and life-threatening genetic disorders. Homozygous hemoglobin S (HbSS) is the most severe genotype, and together with hemoglobin Sβ0 thalassemia, is called sickle cell anemia. On deoxygenation, erythrocytes become sickle-shaped, rigid, adhesive, and prone to…
Erratum: A blueprint for the primary prevention of cancer: Targeting established, modifiable risk factors
Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Figure 1.
Critical Appraisal of the Proposed Defenses for Planned Home Birth
“Trachealization” of the Esophagus
Figure 1.
Fast and accurate genomic analyses using genome graphs
Fast and accurate genomic analyses using genome graphs Fast and accurate genomic analyses using genome graphs, Published online: 14 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0316-4 Graph Genome Pipeline is a read-alignment and variant-calling pipeline based on graph genomes that offers improved read-mapping and
Diagnostic Utility of Exome Sequencing for Kidney Disease
Targeted capture and sequencing of the protein-coding regions of the genome through exome sequencing is increasingly applied as a first-line diagnostic tool in clinical medicine, particularly for the diagnosis of metabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders in children, as well as for
Women in CardiologyThe British Junior Cardiologists’ Association identifies challenges
Randomized Trial of Endoscopic or Open Vein-Graft Harvesting for Coronary-Artery Bypass
Despite evidence favoring the use of multiple arterial conduits for coronary-artery bypass grafting (CABG), the greater saphenous vein remains the most commonly used conduit worldwide because of its ready availability and ease of use. The two main limitations of vein
Plerixafor for the Treatment of WHIM Syndrome
CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4), which binds CXC chemokine ligand 12 (CXCL12), is expressed on most leukocyte subsets and regulates leukocyte development and trafficking, among other activities. In WHIM syndrome (warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections, and myelokathexis), autosomal dominant…
“Trachealization” of the Esophagus
Figure 1.
Diagnostic Utility of Exome Sequencing for Kidney Disease
Targeted capture and sequencing of the protein-coding regions of the genome through exome sequencing is increasingly applied as a first-line diagnostic tool in clinical medicine, particularly for the diagnosis of metabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders in children, as well as for
Disease and Famine as Weapons of War in Yemen
How can the medical community take stock of the humanitarian disaster in Yemen? The 3-year-old war intermittently garners attention from Western media — for example, in August, when an air strike on a school bus killed more than 50 civilians,
Adolescent Vaping and Nicotine Use in 2017–2018 — U.S. National Estimates
To the Editor: A rapid increase in the prevalence of vaping among adolescents has aroused public health concern. Adolescents who “vape” use a device such as an electronic cigarette to inhale a heated aerosol, which typically contains nicotine. In 2017,
The Grace of Denial
I sat listening to the case presentation about a woman who waited far too long to seek care for advanced breast cancer. By the time she presented for medical evaluation, her right breast was twice the size of her left
Ionotropic Receptors Specify the Morphogenesis of Phasic Sensors Controlling Rapid Thermal Preference in Drosophila
Budelli et al. find Drosophila thermoregulatory behavior is driven by a combination of heating and cooling detectors rather than hot- and cold-labeled lines. They further show Ionotropic Receptors not only confer thermosensitivity but also specify the thermoreceptor’s complex dendritic morphology.
Case 1-2019: A 34-Year-Old Veteran with Multiple Somatic Symptoms
Presentation of Case. Dr. Timothy J. Petersen: A 34-year-old man was evaluated at this hospital because of headaches, cognitive changes, mood symptoms, flashbacks, chest pain, arm tingling, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The patient had served as a special operations combat medic
Michael Hudson
bmj;364/jan14_13/l176/FAF1faAfter his hospital jobs, Michael Hudson took over as the village GP in Elstead, Surrey—a role in which he continued until he took retirement 37 years later. When he…
Secondary prevention therapies in acute coronary syndrome and relation to outcomes: observational study
Objective To ascertain the use of secondary prevention medications and cardiac rehabilitation after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and the impact on 2-year outcomes. Methods CONCORDANCE (Cooperative National Registry of Acute Coronary care, Guideline Adherence and Clinical Events) is a
Parental perspective on neonatal outcomes
Fractional flow reserve in acute coronary syndrome: a meta-analysis and systematic review
Background The utility of fractional flow reserve (FFR) to guide revascularisation in the management of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains unclear. Objective This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of patients following FFR-guided revascularisation for either ACS or stable
Outcome in elderly patients with aortic stenosis undergoing hip fracture surgery. Results may suggest a different postoperative strategy?
Background Five to ten percent of patients with hip fracture have severe aortic valve stenosis (AS). The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the impact of AS on early and long-term outcome after surgery for hip fracture. Methods
Cell therapy for ARDS: efficacy of endobronchial versus intravenous administration and biodistribution of MAPCs in a large animal model
Introduction Bone marrow-derived multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) are adult allogeneic adherent stem cells currently investigated clinically for use in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). To date, there is no agreement on which is the best method for stem cells
Surgery remains the best solution for patients with soft‐tissue sarcomas
Erratum: A blueprint for the primary prevention of cancer: Targeting established, modifiable risk factors
Predicting adherence to therapy in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis: a large cross-sectional study
Objective This analysis explored the association of treatment adherence with beliefs about medication, patient demographic and disease characteristics and medication types in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA) or ankylosing spondylitis (AS) to develop adherence prediction models. Methods The population
Mother is granted new inquest over daughter’s death from asthma
A mother has been given permission to apply to the High Court for a fresh inquest into the death of her 9 year old daughter from asthma, after fresh evidence emerged linking it to pollution spikes…
Highlights from this issue
We begin this primary in an unusual way, by pointing you to this month’s View from Here. There are a number of published and quite poignant accounts by physicians of what it’s like to put on that backless hospital gown
Lentiviral Gene Therapy in HSCs Restores Lineage-Specific Foxp3 Expression and Suppresses Autoimmunity in a Mouse Model of IPEX Syndrome
Masiuk et al. use a lentiviral vector designed from endogenous FOXP3 regulatory elements in HSCs to achieve lineage-specific FoxP3 expression. This strategy restores functional Treg cell development from FoxP3mut HSCs and reverses autoimmunity in vivo. These findings suggest preclinical efficacy for lentiviral
Expanding the indications for cell-free DNA in the maternal circulation: clinical considerations and implications
Non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal aneuploidy using cell-free DNA has been widely integrated into routine obstetrical care. The scope of cfDNA testing has expanded from trisomies 21, 18, and 13 to include sex chromosome conditions, panels of specific microdeletions,
GDF15 Provides an Endocrine Signal of Nutritional Stress in Mice and Humans
Patel et al. show that whereas short-term overfeeding or fasting does not change GDF15 levels substantially, prolonged high-fat feeding and lysine-deficient diets activate the integrated stress response and increase GDF15 levels. GDF15 administration triggers conditioned taste aversion in mice, suggesting that
HCN2 Channels in Cholinergic Interneurons of Nucleus Accumbens Shell Regulate Depressive Behaviors
Cheng et al. show that decreased expression and function of HCN2 channels cause reduced ChI tonic activity in NAc shell that leads to depressive phenotypes. Targeting HCN2 channels to enhance ChI activity is sufficient to rescue depression.
Crystal Structure of the Human Cannabinoid Receptor CB2
The structure of the human cannabinoid receptor CB2 reveals how small molecules affect CB2 differently than CB1 and point to principles that could inform rational and selective drug design.
[Editorial] 2019 in the USA: shutdowns and showdowns
If the events of the end of 2018 and early days of 2019 in Washington, DC, portend anything, it will be yet another contentious year ahead in the USA at the intersection of politics, governance, and health. The engine of
Children, exercise . . . and other stories
Physical activity in childrenAs children get older, they gradually become less active. This is the finding from a longitudinal study of children in a European birth cohort that used accelerometer…
Novel technique to manage pacemaker exposure with buried flap reconstruction: case series
Objective Exposure of implantable electrical devices may increase morbidity and mortality significantly. Usually superficial infections are conservatively managed whereas invasive infections necessitate complete capsulectomy, sub-pectoral placement or implant exchange. Most commonly inadequate soft tissue coverage, soft tissue thinning and scar
Elephant in the room
We read with interest the article by Aggarwal et al on repository corticotropin injection (RCI) in the treatment of refractory polymyositis and dermatomyositis (PM and DM) published in the Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases.1 The authors, who are well-respected researchers
Diagnostic Performance of Third Trimester Ultrasound for the Prediction of Late-Onset Fetal Growth Restriction: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
To establish the diagnostic performance of ultrasound screening for predicting late smallness for gestational age (SGA) and/or fetal growth restriction (FGR).
The Emergence and Functional Fitness of Memory CD4+ T Cells Require the Transcription Factor Thpok
Memory CD4+ T cells contribute to long-term immunity against pathogens. Ciucci et al. show that the transcription factor Thpok is essential to safeguard the memory potential of early pathogen-responding CD4+ T cells and serves by antagonizing a Blimp1- and Runx3-driven dysfunction transcriptional circuitry.
Differential NOVA2-Mediated Splicing in Excitatory and Inhibitory Neurons Regulates Cortical Development and Cerebellar Function
cTag-CLIP provides a next-generation strategy to profile functional protein:RNA interactions at cell-specific resolution in vivo. Saito et al. show that differential NOVA2 regulatory actions on alternative splicing coupled to intron removal in different neurons.
Doubling NHS surcharge “punishes” international doctors for working in UK, says BMA
The UK government is maintaining a “hostile environment” for overseas medics by doubling a levy paid by migrants seeking to work here, doctors’ leaders have warned.The BMA said that the Home Office’s…
JAMA
Layer-Specific Physiological Features and Interlaminar Interactions in the Primary Visual Cortex of the Mouse
The relationship between LFP patterns and single-neuron firing in the visual cortex is identified by Senzai et al. by using high-density silicon probe recordings, ICA-based LFP analysis, LFP-spike coupling, and spike transmission probability in freely moving mice.
[Editorial] Probiotics: elixir or empty promise?
The gut microbiota has been implicated in diseases ranging from obesity to Parkinson’s disease and depression. Little wonder then that commercial probiotics have gained widespread popularity and are now estimated to command a US$37 billion market worldwide. But with research
Intratumoral Tcf1+PD-1+CD8+ T Cells with Stem-like Properties Promote Tumor Control in Response to Vaccination and Checkpoint Blockade Immunotherapy
Since chronic activation promotes terminal T cell differentiation (exhaustion), it has remained unclear how checkpoint blockade mediates a proliferative response of tumor-infiltrating T cells. Siddiqui et al. identify intratumoral, tumor-reactive Tcf1+PD-1+CD8+ T cells that display stem-like properties and that promote tumor control in response
Author Correction: Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci
Author Correction: Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci Author Correction: Association analyses of more than 140,000 men identify 63 new prostate cancer susceptibility loci, Published online: 08 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0330-6 Author Correction:
A great-ape view of the gut microbiome
A great-ape view of the gut microbiome A great-ape view of the gut microbiome, Published online: 08 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0085-z Comparing the microbiomes of great apes enables an evolutionary perspective on microbial communities. This approach is revealing not only new insights about
How virtual reality is changing medical practice: “Doctors want to use this to give better patient outcomes”
“It was meant to be the next big thing in the 1990s,” says Steve Dann, chief executive of Medical Realities, of virtual reality (VR). “But the technology wasn’t up to it, it couldn’t deliver what our…
In This Issue [In This Issue]
In this issue
The impact of Northern Ireland’s laws on women seeking abortion Despite Northern Ireland being part of the United Kingdom, abortion remains illegal there except in very limited circumstances. Aiken and colleagues interviewed 30 women who had sought abortion by travelling
Cancer statistics, 2019
Abstract Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths that will occur in the United States and compiles the most recent data on cancer incidence, mortality, and survival. Incidence data, available through 2015,
Unfolding the mystery of digestive enzyme misfolding in chronic pancreatitis
In Gut, Hegyi and Sahin-Tòth report the first reliable mouse model of chronic pancreatitis (CP).1 More than six decades ago, the first pedigree of a family with inherited CP was published. Nevertheless, it lasted until now that the first reliable animal
Reshaping the critical role of surgeons in oncology research
Reshaping the critical role of surgeons in oncology research Reshaping the critical role of surgeons in oncology research, Published online: 07 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0149-1 Historically, academic surgeons, so-called surgeon scientists, have been at the forefront of cancer research. However, the
Two Dose versus Single Dose of Methotrexate for Treatment of Ectopic Pregnancy: a Meta-Analysis
To compare the treatment success and failure rates, as well as side effects and surgery rates between methotrexate protocols.
Reply to ‘Double-outlet right ventricle is not hypoplastic left heart syndrome’
Reply to ‘Double-outlet right ventricle is not hypoplastic left heart syndrome’ Reply to ‘Double-outlet right ventricle is not hypoplastic left heart syndrome’, Published online: 07 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41588-018-0323-5 Reply to ‘Double-outlet right ventricle is not hypoplastic left heart syndrome’
Challenges in unsupervised clustering of single-cell RNA-seq data
Challenges in unsupervised clustering of single-cell RNA-seq data Challenges in unsupervised clustering of single-cell RNA-seq data, Published online: 07 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0088-9 Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables transcriptome-based characterization of the constituent cell types within a heterogeneous sample. However, reliable
Myocardial revascularization: guideline-based therapy today
[Editorial] Rehabilitate UNAIDS to reflect HIV/AIDS community values
From the discovery of the virus in the early 1980s to delivery of care within communities today, women—renowned individuals and countless people whose names will not be noted in the history books—have been at the very core of the HIV
Natural Progression of Symptom Change and Recovery From Concussion in a Pediatric Population
This multicenter cohort study describes the natural progression of symptom change by age group (5-7, 8-12, and 13-18 years) and sex and develops centile curves to inform families about children after concussion recovery.
Erratum: A blueprint for the primary prevention of cancer: Targeting established, modifiable risk factors
The NHS long term plan
This week, national NHS bodies published their long term strategy for the NHS in England1—a response to the prime minister’s promise of £20.5bn (€23bn; $26bn) extra funding for the NHS (3.4% real…
Clinical diagnosis of endometriosis: a call to action
Endometriosis can have a profound impact on women’s lives, including associated pain, infertility, decreased quality of life, and interference with daily life, relationships, and livelihood. The first step in alleviating these adverse sequelae is to diagnose the underlying condition. For
Pregnant Women and the Ebola Crisis
On August 1, 2018, the Ministry of Health of the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) reported the emergence of another Ebola virus outbreak, the 10th in the DRC since the virus was discovered in 1976. As of November 13, 2018,
Revealing the Secrets of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Embedded in the diagnostic term idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the long-standing belief that this progressive fibrotic lung condition arises spontaneously and that its cause is unknown. Nureki and colleagues have recently challenged this fundamental concept by creating a translational
FISHing for the Miracle of Eicosapentaenoic Acid
Bhatt et al. report in the Journal the results of the Reduction of Cardiovascular Events with Icosapent Ethyl–Intervention Trial (REDUCE-IT), in which 8179 high-risk patients who had elevated triglyceride levels and had been receiving statin therapy were randomly assigned to
Tofacitinib Treatment and Molecular Analysis of Cutaneous Sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that is associated with the formation of noncaseating granulomas in one or multiple organ systems. Skin involvement is seen in approximately 25% of patients with sarcoidosis. Systemic glucocorticoids are the initial treatment for sarcoidosis with
Erythrodermic Psoriasis and HIV Infection
Figure 1.
Walking Away from Conveyor-Belt Medicine
The phone rings in our emergency department. It’s a call from a community hospital, which is sending us a 70-year-old patient in need of an urgent procedure. His aortic endoprosthesis, inserted a few years back, appears to be out of
Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
Long prescribed to prevent and treat bone-related disorders, supplemental vitamin D has been viewed in recent years as a potential strategy for preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the United States, routine assessment of vitamin D status in patients in
Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
Long prescribed to prevent and treat bone-related disorders, supplemental vitamin D has been viewed in recent years as a potential strategy for preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the United States, routine assessment of vitamin D status in patients in
Walking Away from Conveyor-Belt Medicine
The phone rings in our emergency department. It’s a call from a community hospital, which is sending us a 70-year-old patient in need of an urgent procedure. His aortic endoprosthesis, inserted a few years back, appears to be out of
Fracture Prevention with Zoledronate in Older Women with Osteopenia
Bisphosphonates are the principal class of medications used in the management of postmenopausal osteoporosis and have been shown to prevent fractures. Prevention of fractures with bisphosphonates has been shown most clearly in patients with osteoporosis, which is defined either by
Cancer Survivorship
Advances in cancer screening and early detection, improvements in therapeutics, and supportive care all contribute to decreasing cancer mortality. Figure 1 shows the changing demographic characteristics of the cancer population from 1975 through 2040. There will be an estimated 26
A Not-So-New Treatment for Old Bones
Low bone mineral density (i.e. a T score below −2.5) is the current operational definition of osteoporosis. However, low bone mineral density is actually a risk factor for fracture, not a disease marker. Notwithstanding, nearly all osteoporosis treatment algorithms are
Substance-Use Disorders in Later Life
Substance-use disorders have been declared a national public health emergency. Although the rates of substance use are generally lower among older adults than among younger people, this review focuses on older adults. Physiological changes in hepatic metabolism that occur with
Reducing Protections for Noncitizen Children — Exacerbating Harm and Trauma
On June 26, 2018, a federal judge ordered the Trump administration to reunite families that it had separated at the U.S.–Mexico border. As of mid-October, however, an analysis by the American Civil Liberties Union showed that 245 children were still
Worldwide Frequencies of APOL1 Renal Risk Variants
To the Editor: Risk variants in the APOL1 gene on chromosome 22, which were first discovered in African Americans, confer a substantially increased risk of kidney disease, early-onset hypertension, and cardiovascular disease, although disease risk is modified by other genetic
Candida Endocarditis after TAVR
Figure 1.
Reducing Protections for Noncitizen Children — Exacerbating Harm and Trauma
On June 26, 2018, a federal judge ordered the Trump administration to reunite families that it had separated at the U.S.–Mexico border. As of mid-October, however, an analysis by the American Civil Liberties Union showed that 245 children were still
Treating Disease at the RNA Level with Oligonucleotides
Diseases as different as spinal muscular atrophy and hyperlipidemias can now be treated with drugs that act on RNA. A new class of drugs — oligonucleotides — takes advantage of Watson and Crick’s base-pairing rules to target disease-related RNAs. With
Oral nutrition supplements and between-meal snacks for nutrition therapy in patients with COPD identified as at nutritional risk: a randomised feasibility trial
Introduction Intervention studies have mainly used oral nutritional supplements (ONS) for the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) identified as at nutritional risk. In this 12-month randomised feasibility trial, we assessed the (1) feasibility of the recruitment,
Revealing the Secrets of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Embedded in the diagnostic term idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the long-standing belief that this progressive fibrotic lung condition arises spontaneously and that its cause is unknown. Nureki and colleagues have recently challenged this fundamental concept by creating a translational
Parental divorce or separation and children’s mental health
Reducing Protections for Noncitizen Children — Exacerbating Harm and Trauma
On June 26, 2018, a federal judge ordered the Trump administration to reunite families that it had separated at the U.S.–Mexico border. As of mid-October, however, an analysis by the American Civil Liberties Union showed that 245 children were still
Necrosis of the Fingers and Toes
Figure 1.
Infrared thermography study as a complementary method of screening and prevention of muscle injuries: pilot study
Objective To evaluate thermography application as a complementary method in preventing muscle injury in professional soccer players. Methods A longitudinal prospective study with 28 professional soccer players that composed a first division of Brazilian’s soccer team between 2015 and 2016.
GP who worked as obstetrics and gynaecology locum is struck off after risky caesarean
A GP who sought to pursue a career in obstetrics and gynaecology despite lacking the training or qualifications has been struck off after he undertook a risky caesarean section that left a patient in…
T-DM1 protects against invasive disease
T-DM1 protects against invasive disease T-DM1 protects against invasive disease, Published online: 03 January 2019; doi:10.1038/s41571-018-0164-2 T-DM1 protects against invasive disease
Hyper-Editing of Cell-Cycle Regulatory and Tumor Suppressor RNA Promotes Malignant Progenitor Propagation
Jiang et al. show that ADAR1 promotes HSPC proliferation by indirectly reducing CDKN1A expression, whereas it enhances the propagation of blast crisis chronic myeloid leukemia progenitors, which express high levels of CDKN1A, by editing the MDM2 regulatory miRNA and the miRNA
[Editorial] Catching up on medical device safety
After a joint investigation into the global medical devices industry, several media outlets published their findings of the Implant Files in 2018. The findings highlight an unacceptable lack of regulation of medical devices, leading to numerous patient complications worldwide, including
[Editorial] Closing in on targeted therapy for acute myeloid leukaemia
On Nov 28, 2018, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the targeted agent, gilteritinib, as treatment for adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with a FLT3 mutation. 3 months later, the Japanese Ministry of
Vitamin D Supplements and Prevention of Cancer and Cardiovascular Disease
Long prescribed to prevent and treat bone-related disorders, supplemental vitamin D has been viewed in recent years as a potential strategy for preventing cancer and cardiovascular disease. In the United States, routine assessment of vitamin D status in patients in
Spatially Stable Mitochondrial Compartments Fuel Local Translation during Plasticity
Spatially restricted mitochondria fuel the extensive local protein synthesis needed to support synaptic plasticity.
[Editorial] Ensuring and measuring universality in UHC
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have a little over a decade to be achieved. The passing of the New Year marks an appropriate point for reflection on past activities and for looking ahead to ensure that the global health community
AMPK-Mediated Lysosome Biogenesis in Lung Cancer Growth
Cancer cells must adapt to metabolic stress during tumor progression. In this issue of Cell Metabolism, Eichner et al. (2019) report that lung cancer development in genetically engineered mice requires the energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Their findings suggest that
Paola Domizio: gifted pathology teacher and science communicator
bmj;364/jan03_12/k5400/FAF1faPaola Domizio, the pathologist and professor who has died from breast cancer, may be the only person to have incorporated card tricks into her inaugural professorial…
Heartbeat: Time to switch from aortic valve area to aortic valve index?
Many patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS) present for medical care late in the disease course, at a time point when outcomes after surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement may not be optimal. The diagnosis of AS is often
Correction: Prenatal exercise (including but not limited to pelvic floor muscle training) and urinary incontinence during and following pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Davenport MH, Nagpal TS, Mottola M, et al. Prenatal exercise (including but not limited to pelvic floor muscle training) and urinary incontinence during and following pregnancy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Br J Sports Med 2018;52:1397–1404. doi:10.1136/bjsports-2018-099780. The correct first
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