Presentation of Case. Dr. Bart K. Chwalisz: A 65-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of bilateral eye pain and decreased vision. The patient had been in his usual state of health until 8 days before this admission, when
Treatment of Uterine Fibroid Symptoms with Relugolix Combination Therapy
Uterine fibroids are common; the cumulative incidence by 50 years of age is approximately 70% among White women and 80% among Black women. Approximately 25% of women with uterine fibroids have symptoms, most often heavy menstrual bleeding, which is often
Urinary Incontinence, Body Mass Index, and Physical Activity in Young Women
Current evidence suggests that overweight and obesity are important risk factors for urinary incontinence in women. However, little is known about the relationships between body mass index (BMI), physical activity and urinary incontinence in women in their 20s.
The Inequity of Isolation
“Cradle to grave” — that is the promise and privilege of family medicine: the opportunity to care for individuals and families at every stage of life. For a family medicine intern, this privilege has a slightly different flavor. It’s the
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Concern over the health effects of poor-quality carbohydrate foods and beverages has increased the popularity of so-called low-carbohydrate diets. Poor-quality carbohydrate foods include those that contain a low amount of fiber, a higher percentage of refined grains than whole grains,
Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis may have life-threatening complications, including impairment in kidney function caused by progressive focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis. ANCA-associated vasculitis can also result in deterioration of health-related…
Case 6-2021: A 65-Year-Old Man with Eye Pain and Decreased Vision
Presentation of Case. Dr. Bart K. Chwalisz: A 65-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of bilateral eye pain and decreased vision. The patient had been in his usual state of health until 8 days before this admission, when
Gum Hypertrophy from Cyclosporine
Figure 1.
Author Correction: Genome-wide meta-analysis, fine-mapping and integrative prioritization implicate new Alzheimer’s disease risk genes
Nature Genetics, Published online: 26 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00822-1 Author Correction: Genome-wide meta-analysis, fine-mapping and integrative prioritization implicate new Alzheimer’s disease risk genes
β-Thalassemias
The thalassemias are a group of recessively inherited disorders characterized by reduced or no production of hemoglobin and chronic anemia of varying severity. The evolutionary association between the thalassemia carrier state and resistance to malaria explains its high prevalence in
Hypothermic Machine Perfusion in Liver Transplantation — A Randomized Trial
Nonanastomotic biliary strictures are a major complication after liver transplantation, resulting in cholestasis and cholangitis and, frequently, in the use of biliary interventions or even retransplantation (i.e. transplantation of a new liver graft and removal of the first graft). The
Case 6-2021: A 65-Year-Old Man with Eye Pain and Decreased Vision
Presentation of Case. Dr. Bart K. Chwalisz: A 65-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of bilateral eye pain and decreased vision. The patient had been in his usual state of health until 8 days before this admission, when
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
STING-Induced Inflammation — A Novel Therapeutic Target in ALS?
Neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have a complex neurobiology that is still only partially mapped today. There is thus no effective treatment for patients with ALS. The neurodegenerative process mainly affects the motor system, with loss of the
[Editorial] 50 years of the inverse care law
“The availability of good medical care tends to vary with the need for it in the population served. This inverse care law operates more completely where medical care is most exposed to market forces, and less so where such exposure
Gordon McVie: medical oncologist who helped drive the formation of Cancer Research UK
bmj;372/feb26_8/n570/FAF1faGordon McVie, the medical oncologist who helped orchestrate the merger of the Cancer Research Campaign (CRC) and Imperial Cancer Research Fund (ICRF) to form Cancer…
Physical Activity after Cardiac EventS (PACES): a group education programme with subsequent text message support designed to increase physical activity in individuals with diagnosed coronary heart disease: a randomised controlled trial
Aim To assess the effectiveness of a low-cost pragmatic intervention (structured education and ongoing text message support) to increase daily physical activity in participants 12–48 months after a coronary heart disease cardiac event (myocardial infarction, angina or acute coronary syndrome)
Immunogenicity of CAR T cells in cancer therapy
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00476-2 CD19-specific chimeric antigen (CAR)-modified T cells are approved for patients with advanced-stage forms of certain B cell malignancies. However, a subset of patients will have anti-CAR immune responses, leading to
Omental Endometriosis
Figure 1.
Urban-Rural Differences in Pregnancy-Related Deaths, United States, 2011–2016
The U.S. pregnancy-related mortality ratio has not improved over the past decade and includes striking disparities by race/ethnicity and by state. Understanding differences in pregnancy-related mortality across and within urban and rural areas can guide the development of interventions for
ArchR is a scalable software package for integrative single-cell chromatin accessibility analysis
Nature Genetics, Published online: 25 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00790-6 ArchR is a software suite that enables efficient and end-to-end analysis of single-cell chromatin accessibility data (scATAC-seq).
STING-Induced Inflammation — A Novel Therapeutic Target in ALS?
Neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), have a complex neurobiology that is still only partially mapped today. There is thus no effective treatment for patients with ALS. The neurodegenerative process mainly affects the motor system, with loss of the
Warming Up to Cold Perfusion
Each year, thousands of people in the United States die while awaiting lifesaving liver transplantation because there is an insufficient supply of donor organs. This crisis has prompted increased interest in expanding the organ supply through the promotion of both
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Concern over the health effects of poor-quality carbohydrate foods and beverages has increased the popularity of so-called low-carbohydrate diets. Poor-quality carbohydrate foods include those that contain a low amount of fiber, a higher percentage of refined grains than whole grains,
Gum Hypertrophy from Cyclosporine
Figure 1.
Warming Up to Cold Perfusion
Each year, thousands of people in the United States die while awaiting lifesaving liver transplantation because there is an insufficient supply of donor organs. This crisis has prompted increased interest in expanding the organ supply through the promotion of both
Learning How to Die — Lessons from the Irish Wake
I didn’t want to believe it. I vividly remember when he blindfolded and “kidnapped” my siblings and me, surprising us with an all-day trip to Camp Snoopy, our favorite theme park. And I probably wouldn’t have believed it, if it
Telemedicine and Medical Licensure — Potential Paths for Reform
The rapid growth of telemedicine during the Covid-19 pandemic has focused renewed attention on the debate over physician licensure. Before the pandemic, states typically licensed physicians according to policies outlined in each state’s medical practice act, which dictate that physicians
Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), emerged in China in late 2019 from a zoonotic source. The majority of Covid-19 cases either are asymptomatic or result in only mild disease. However, in
Risdiplam in Type 1 Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Spinal muscular atrophy is a rare, progressive, recessive neuromuscular disease that is caused by deletions or loss-of-function mutations in the survival of motor neuron 1 gene (SMN1), which result in insufficient levels of SMN protein. Humans have a paralogous gene
Gum Hypertrophy from Cyclosporine
Figure 1.
Muscarinic Cholinergic Receptor Agonist and Peripheral Antagonist for Schizophrenia
Antipsychotic drugs are associated with adverse events such as extrapyramidal symptoms, sedation, weight gain, metabolic disturbances, and hyperprolactinemia that contribute to poor medication adherence and relapses of psychosis. Moreover, 20 to 33% of patients do not have a response to…
Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19), emerged in China in late 2019 from a zoonotic source. The majority of Covid-19 cases either are asymptomatic or result in only mild disease. However, in
Case 6-2021: A 65-Year-Old Man with Eye Pain and Decreased Vision
Presentation of Case. Dr. Bart K. Chwalisz: A 65-year-old man was admitted to this hospital because of bilateral eye pain and decreased vision. The patient had been in his usual state of health until 8 days before this admission, when
NHS and social care workforce planning is a “ȷoke,” says former health secretary
The government’s decision not to publish precise figures on what workforce numbers are needed in coming years for the NHS and social care means that current workforce planning is a “joke,” according…
Pathological correlates and predictive biomarkers for neoadjuvant ICIs in melanoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 24 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00488-y Pathological correlates and predictive biomarkers for neoadjuvant ICIs in melanoma
Five-Year Outcomes for Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas with CAR T-Cell Therapy
To the Editor: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–modified T cells are now widely used to treat some relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas. However, data on outcomes beyond 2 years after CAR T-cell infusion are limited. We previously reported 28-month
Cell-free DNA in twin pregnancy: time to change screening recommendations
Warming Up to Cold Perfusion
Each year, thousands of people in the United States die while awaiting lifesaving liver transplantation because there is an insufficient supply of donor organs. This crisis has prompted increased interest in expanding the organ supply through the promotion of both
Mechanic’s Hands
Figure 1.
Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Cardiovascular Disease and Mortality
Concern over the health effects of poor-quality carbohydrate foods and beverages has increased the popularity of so-called low-carbohydrate diets. Poor-quality carbohydrate foods include those that contain a low amount of fiber, a higher percentage of refined grains than whole grains,
Avacopan — Time to Replace Glucocorticoids?
In recent decades, substantial advances in the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis have led to a decrease in disease-related morbidity and mortality. The regimen for inducing remission in patients with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis has evolved on the…
[Editorial] The COVID-19 exit strategy—why we need to aim low
As we find ourselves in the second year of a global pandemic, the question on everyone’s mind is: when will this end? Much of the narrative around the pandemic last year was that all hopes for a return to normal
BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a Nationwide Mass Vaccination Setting
Mass vaccination campaigns using newly approved vaccines against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are beginning in many parts of the world. Randomized clinical trials of mRNA-based vaccines reported efficacies for preventing coronavirus 2019 (Covid-19) in the range…
England’s clinical negligence system needs urgent reform, say medical organisations
The Academy of Medical Royal Colleges, the Hospital Consultants and Specialists Association, and the Medical Defence Union (MDU) are seeking urgent reform of the clinical negligence system in…
Correction: Increased risk of cardiac ischaemia in a pan-European cohort of 36 205 childhood cancer survivors: a PanCareSurFup study
Feijen EAM, van Dalen EC, van der Pal HJH on behalf of the PanCareSurFup consortium, et al. Increased risk of cardiac ischaemia in a pan-European cohort of 36 205 childhood cancer survivors: a PanCareSurFup study. Heart 2021;107:33-40.doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2020-316655. This article has
[Editorial] Giving von Willebrand disease the attention it deserves
The most common inherited bleeding disorder, von Willebrand disease, often lags behind its better known relative, haemophilia, in terms of recognition, discussion, and treatment advances. However, progress was made in January, 2021, with the publication of new international clinical practice
Finding function with base editing screens
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 23 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00340-0 Two new studies in Cell report the use of CRISPR–Cas cytosine base editors (CBEs) in mammalian cells for high-throughput functional genomics screens.
Drug-Resistant Yeast Infections Spread in COVID-19 Unit
Pandemic-related lapses in infection control practices may have caused an outbreak of multidrug-resistant Candida auris yeast infections in a Florida hospital’s coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) unit, investigators from the CDC and the Florida Department of Health reported.
Alwyn Lishman: the “father” of neuropsychiatry
bmj;372/feb23_22/n507/FAF1faPhoto credit: UCL Institute of NeurologyIn the early 20th century, psychiatry and neurology were considered to be a single discipline, but in the wake of eminent…
Economic value of insertable cardiac monitors in unexplained syncope in the United States
Introduction Early use of insertable cardiac monitor (ICM) is recommended for patients with unexplained syncope following initial clinical workup, due to its superior ability to establish symptom-rhythm correlation compared with conventional testing (CONV). However, ICMs incur higher upfront costs, and
Intraoperative View of Ovarian Vein Coils for Embolization
Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis may have life-threatening complications, including impairment in kidney function caused by progressive focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis. ANCA-associated vasculitis can also result in deterioration of health-related…
The NCI Genomic Data Commons
Nature Genetics, Published online: 22 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00791-5 The National Cancer Institute (NCI) Genomic Data Commons (GDC) contains more than 2.9 petabytes of genomic and associated clinical data from more than 60 NCI-funded and other contributed cancer genomics research projects.
Covid-19: First doses of vaccines in Scotland led to a substantial fall in hospital admissions
Rollout of the Pfizer BioNTech and Oxford AstraZeneca vaccines has led to a substantial fall in severe covid-19 cases requiring hospital admission in Scotland, suggest the results of the first study…
Advancing technologies as both our saviour and our doom
Olaf (from Disney’s Frozen 2) has a theory about advancing technologies being both our saviour and our doom. While we ought to avoid over-analysing claims of fictitious snowmen, we can pause to consider whether it is possible for an advancing
Highlights from this issue
From an Editorial perspective, this month’s EMJ makes for very happy reading. The quality and breadth of original and clinically relevant research within this issue is fantastic. From large observational analyses, qualitative research embedded within multicentre clinical trials and original
Case 5-2021: A 68-Year-Old Man with Delirium and Renal Insufficiency
Presentation of Case. Dr. Mark A. Matza (Medicine): A 68-year-old man was transferred to this hospital because of neurologic decline, progressive renal insufficiency, and leukopenia. Seven months before this admission, the patient was admitted to another hospital after routine laboratory
Treatment of Uterine Fibroid Symptoms with Relugolix Combination Therapy
Uterine fibroids are common; the cumulative incidence by 50 years of age is approximately 70% among White women and 80% among Black women. Approximately 25% of women with uterine fibroids have symptoms, most often heavy menstrual bleeding, which is often
Phase 3 Trials of Tirbanibulin Ointment for Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis is a common precancerous condition found on sun-damaged skin, particularly on the face, scalp, arms, and legs. In the United States, the prevalence of actinic keratosis is approximately 58 million persons, with the condition commonly affecting men, persons
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Avacopan for the Treatment of ANCA-Associated Vasculitis
Patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis may have life-threatening complications, including impairment in kidney function caused by progressive focal necrotizing glomerulonephritis. ANCA-associated vasculitis can also result in deterioration of health-related…
Prevalence of Urinary, Prolapse, and Bowel Symptoms in Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser Syndrome
Müllerian agenesis, or Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome, occurs in 1 in 4500-5000 individuals assigned female sex at birth. Pelvic floor symptoms among individuals with Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome have not been well-studied and it is unknown how vaginal lengthening treatments affect these symptoms.
No Cure without Care — Soothing Science Skepticism
A few weeks ago, I cared for a patient, Mr. C. who had a history of bleeding from antiplatelet therapy but remained at high risk for thrombosis. At the time we met, he had just been extubated and, still a
Will allogeneic CAR T cells for CD19+ malignancies take autologous CAR T cells ‘off the shelf’?
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00485-1 The question of whether allogeneic chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells could replace autologous CAR T cell therapy has garnered considerable interest, but limited data have been available for comparisons
Five-Year Outcomes for Refractory B-Cell Lymphomas with CAR T-Cell Therapy
To the Editor: CD19-directed chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)–modified T cells are now widely used to treat some relapsed or refractory aggressive B-cell lymphomas. However, data on outcomes beyond 2 years after CAR T-cell infusion are limited. We previously reported 28-month
Early release of amniotic bands using a 1.0-mm fetoscope
Maintaining Safety with SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines
To date, the development of mRNA vaccines for the prevention of infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been a success story, with no serious concerns identified in the ongoing phase 3 clinical trials. Minor local
Author Correction: Conservation of copy number profiles during engraftment and passaging of patient-derived cancer xenografts
Nature Genetics, Published online: 19 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00811-4 Author Correction: Conservation of copy number profiles during engraftment and passaging of patient-derived cancer xenografts
Grand designs of the nucleus
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 19 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00336-w A recent study in Nature presents a method that integrates data from chromosome imaging, nuclear bodies and chromatin states to build a picture of the nuclear layout at the single-cell level.
No Cure without Care — Soothing Science Skepticism
A few weeks ago, I cared for a patient, Mr. C. who had a history of bleeding from antiplatelet therapy but remained at high risk for thrombosis. At the time we met, he had just been extubated and, still a
[Editorial] The things themselves
“There is no choice between a description of the illness that would give us its sense and an explanation that would give us its cause, and there are no explanations without understanding.” This insight from Maurice Merleau-Ponty’s Phenomenology of Perception
[Editorial] Health in the USA: under examination and under repair
Although the word “health” does not itself appear in the US Constitution, the allusions to it are invited from the outset in the Preamble. The intention is, quite pointedly, “to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility,
Duration of Culturable SARS-CoV-2 in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
To The Editor: The duration of transmissibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and the associated level of contagion have been uncertain. We cultured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in serial respiratory samples obtained from hospitalized patients with Covid-19…
Case 5-2021: A 68-Year-Old Man with Delirium and Renal Insufficiency
Presentation of Case. Dr. Mark A. Matza (Medicine): A 68-year-old man was transferred to this hospital because of neurologic decline, progressive renal insufficiency, and leukopenia. Seven months before this admission, the patient was admitted to another hospital after routine laboratory
Covid-19: Hancock’s failure to publish contracts was unlawful
The UK government acted unlawfully in failing to publish details of dozens of contracts awarded without competition for goods and services such as personal protective equipment (PPE) needed during…
Case of placental insufficiency and premature delivery in a Fontan pregnancy: physiological insights and considerations on risk stratification
Objectives The coexistence of two complex physiologies such as Fontan and pregnancy is still not fully understood. We aim to add a unique and essential knowledge to help our colleagues in the management of Fontan patients that undergo pregnancy as
Highlights from this issue
Scene – 1953, provincial theatre: final act. Frisson of suspense ripples through audience. Main protagonist: detective inspector. ‘Why haven’t I realised before?’ Injured victim: ‘Why didn’t you just open your eyes’. Adversary-doppelgänger: Placing musket (softly but dramatically) on the floor. ‘So, you’ve finally foiled me. I thought
Locally advanced rectal adenocarcinoma: Treatment sequences, intensification, and rectal organ preservation
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.
A unique bipartite Polycomb signature regulates stimulus-response transcription during development
Nature Genetics, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00789-z Immediate early genes in developing sensory neurons have a unique bipartite chromatin signature: H3K27ac on promoters and enhancers, and H3K27me3 on gene bodies. Polycomb marking of gene bodies inhibits productive mRNA elongation.
Genetic engineering of T cells for immunotherapy
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 18 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00329-9 This Review discusses strategies for the genetic engineering of adoptive T cell immunotherapies with a focus on approaches harnessing transgenic T cell receptors or chimeric antigen receptors to treat cancer. The
Case 5-2021: A 68-Year-Old Man with Delirium and Renal Insufficiency
Presentation of Case. Dr. Mark A. Matza (Medicine): A 68-year-old man was transferred to this hospital because of neurologic decline, progressive renal insufficiency, and leukopenia. Seven months before this admission, the patient was admitted to another hospital after routine laboratory
Duration of Culturable SARS-CoV-2 in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
To The Editor: The duration of transmissibility of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) and the associated level of contagion have been uncertain. We cultured severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in serial respiratory samples obtained from hospitalized patients with Covid-19…
Vaccinating Children against Covid-19 — The Lessons of Measles
Imagine a highly contagious virus circulating in the community. Many infected children have fever and some general misery but recover without incident. Rarely, devastating complications occur, leading to hospitalization, severe illness, and occasional deaths. Susceptible adults fare worse, with…
Avacopan — Time to Replace Glucocorticoids?
In recent decades, substantial advances in the treatment of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)–associated vasculitis have led to a decrease in disease-related morbidity and mortality. The regimen for inducing remission in patients with severe ANCA-associated vasculitis has evolved on the…
Vaccinating Children against Covid-19 — The Lessons of Measles
Imagine a highly contagious virus circulating in the community. Many infected children have fever and some general misery but recover without incident. Rarely, devastating complications occur, leading to hospitalization, severe illness, and occasional deaths. Susceptible adults fare worse, with…
Still we rise
Olufolakemi “Fola” Olusanya is the winner of the first Rising Black Scientist Award for an undergraduate scholar. For this award, we asked emerging Black scientists to tell us about the experiences that sparked their journey in the life sciences. This
Risk for infections with glucocorticoids and DMARDs in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Immunomodulatory therapy for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) carries risk for infectious complications. Understanding the risks of different therapeutic options is essential for making treatment decisions and appropriately monitoring patients. This review examines data on the risks for serious infections and other
Integrated case-control and somatic-germline interaction analyses of soft-tissue sarcoma
Purpose The contribution of rare genetic variation in the development of soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) remains underexplored. To address this gap, we conducted a whole-exome case-control and somatic-germline interaction study to identify and characterise STS susceptible genes. Methods The study involved
Covid-19: Infections in England fall by two thirds since January
A “strong decline” has been seen in the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 in England among the general population five to six weeks into lockdown, show the latest data from the Real-time Assessment of…
Highlights from this issue
Using incognito standardised patients to evaluate quality of eye care in China (see page 311) Employing incognito standardised patients to evaluate refractionists at 133 randomly-selected optical facilities in western China revealed inaccurate refraction (>= 1.0 diopter of inaccuracy in 25.6%)
SEPNZ warm UP BJSM tendinopathy, back pain and OA: sorting the evidence
While the waves of the global pandemic continue to pound the borders of New Zealand—we are one of the luckiest countries in the world to live a relatively ‘normal life’ with community eradication of the virus leaving this small drop
Correction: Physical stimulation of newborn infants in the delivery room
Gaertner VD, Flemmer SA, Lorenz L, et al. Physical stimulation of newborn infants in the delivery room. Archives of Disease in Childhood- Fetal and Neonatal Edition 2018;103:F132-36. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2016-312311 The authors have noticed that the results in Table 1 were
Serendipitous discovery in a fistula-in-ano
Clinical question A woman in her early 30s presented with perianal purulent discharge. A rectal examination showed a high complex fistula-in-ano. A fistulotomy was performed wherein two fistulous tracts at the 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock position involving the external
Biobanking in radiotherapy trials — a challenge to the clinical research community
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00486-0 Precision oncology is predicated on information derived from high-quality tissue samples. Despite almost half of all patients with cancer receiving radiotherapy, samples from these patients are much less commonly available
Ustekinumab for Refractory Colitis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
To the Editor: Immune-mediated colitis, an adverse effect of therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the production of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), is managed with glucocorticoids, followed by the administration of infliximab…
Neutralizing Activity of BNT162b2-Elicited Serum — Preliminary Report
To the Editor: BNT162b2 is a nucleoside-modified RNA vaccine expressing the full-length prefusion spike glycoprotein (S) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial involving approximately 44,000 participants, immunization…
Giant genomes of lungfish
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 17 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00337-9 Two new studies report the assembled genomes of the Australian lungfish (Neoceratodus forsteri) and the African lungfish (Protopterus annectens), which provide insights into the water-to-land transition.
STEP 1 for Effective Weight Control — Another First Step?
Given the worldwide increase in obesity, with attendant coexisting conditions and increased risk of death, there is a pressing need to address weight loss and maintenance strategies. Behavioral methods of weight control fail more often than not, and bariatric surgery
Reform of Payment for Primary Care — From Evolution to Revolution
Reforming payment for primary care has been on policymakers’ agendas for well over a decade. The impetus derives from primary care’s foundational role in a high-value health system and from troubling declines in the financial viability of primary care practices.
Delayed Second Dose versus Standard Regimen for Covid-19 Vaccination
You chair the Governor’s task force on rollout of the Covid-19 vaccine. Given concerns about the limited availability of the two-dose mRNA vaccine, you have been asked to weigh in on the debate regarding the most effective use of the
Neuroscience needs behavior: inferring psychophysical strategy trial by trial
Tools quantifying dynamic behavior are important to understand brain function. In this issue of Neuron, Roy et al. (2021) extended the available repertoire by PsyTrack, which tracks, trial by trial, how subjects performing psychophysical tasks adjust the way they weigh stimuli
[Editorial] Diversity and inclusion in clinical neurosciences
Work force diversity and inclusivity have long been recognised to be key for reducing disparities in health and health care. Evidence-based approaches are needed to tackle such disparities and address any biases related to the exclusion of minorities, and the
[Editorial] Vision for the future
Two decades ago, WHO and the International Agency for the Prevention of Blindness launched VISION 2020: The Right to Sight, a global initiative aiming to eliminate avoidable blindness by 2020. On Feb 16, The Lancet Global Health Commission on Global
Covid-19: Self-isolation is the weakest link in stopping transmission
At last the weakest link in the chain of covid-19 transmission—self-isolation—is getting the attention it deserves.1 Cevik and colleagues say that “risk of household transmission within crowded and…
Correction: Research news in clinical context
Edwards SK, Ceccherini-Silberstein F, Tan RKJ. Research news in clinical context. Sex Transm Infect 2020;96:235–6. DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2019-054271. The article title has been corrected in the published version. The correct title is below: Research news in clinical context.
Ipilimumab can be safely omitted
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00483-3 Ipilimumab can be safely omitted
Higher SARS-CoV-2 Infection Rate in Pregnant Patients
During the early months of the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, risks to pregnant women of a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection were uncertain. Pregnant patients can serve as a model for the success of the
Regulatory T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system becomes chronically dysregulated. In virtually all autoimmune diseases, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors converge to initiate disease pathogenesis. Understanding how genes and the environment intersect provides a foundation for identifying…
Mechanic’s Hands
Figure 1.
[Editorial] Insulin at 100: time for action on costs
Less than a week after Joe Biden was sworn in as the 46th President of the United States, he was under attack by opponents for apparently acting to raise the cost of insulin. The real story is more complex. Among
Learning How to Die — Lessons from the Irish Wake
I didn’t want to believe it. I vividly remember when he blindfolded and “kidnapped” my siblings and me, surprising us with an all-day trip to Camp Snoopy, our favorite theme park. And I probably wouldn’t have believed it, if it
Regulatory T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system becomes chronically dysregulated. In virtually all autoimmune diseases, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors converge to initiate disease pathogenesis. Understanding how genes and the environment intersect provides a foundation for identifying…
Global Partnership Aims to Improve Infant HIV Care
After stakeholders secured lower prices for a recently approved pediatric HIV medication, an international partnership has urged low- and middle-income countries to procure the drug and make it widely available.
Covid:19: Ethnic minority health staff are less likely to take up vaccine, early data show
A hospital trust in the Midlands has said that it is working to understand why some of its staff remain unvaccinated against covid-19 after preliminary findings from a study showed that uptake was…
Highlights from this issue
This month’s Airwaves bring you a poetry anthology, including Masefield, Tennyson and Rossetti. We start with John Masefield’s poem “Cargoes” which gives us our theme: the “…mad March days.” Those reading this online can enjoy the poem by clicking here:
Brain death in pregnancy: a systematic review focusing on perinatal outcomes
Brain death (BD) during pregnancy might justify in select cases maternal somatic support to obtain fetal viability and maximize perinatal outcome.
Genome-wide meta-analysis, fine-mapping and integrative prioritization implicate new Alzheimer’s disease risk genes
Nature Genetics, Published online: 15 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-020-00776-w Genome-wide meta-analysis, fine-mapping and integrative prioritization using expression quantitative trait loci, protein interaction networks and tissue-specific expression implicate new candidate susceptibility genes for Alzheimer’s disease.
Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity
Obesity is a chronic disease and global public health challenge. Obesity can lead to insulin resistance, hypertension, and dyslipidemia, is associated with complications such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and reduces life expectancy. More…
Phase 3 Trials of Tirbanibulin Ointment for Actinic Keratosis
Actinic keratosis is a common precancerous condition found on sun-damaged skin, particularly on the face, scalp, arms, and legs. In the United States, the prevalence of actinic keratosis is approximately 58 million persons, with the condition commonly affecting men, persons
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Mesh removal: skills accreditation planned for surgeons who work in new centres
Surgeons who will work at new specialist mesh centres throughout England hope to establish their competence through credentialing in the field of pelvic mesh removal surgery, in the absence of a…
Prognostic significance of BMI after PCI treatment in ST-elevation myocardial infarction: a cohort study from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry
Background Obesity along with clustering of cardiovascular risk factors is a promoter for coronary artery disease. On the other hand, a high body mass index (BMI) appears to exert a protective effect with respect to outcomes after a coronary artery
Lenvatinib plus Pembrolizumab or Everolimus for Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma
First-line treatment with vascular endothelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors has been shown to provide benefits for patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma, but most patients have disease relapse as resistance develops. Treatment with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, either as…
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Omental Endometriosis
A 37-year-old woman presented to the outpatient gynecology clinic with crampy lower abdominal pain that occurred during menstruation. Her medical history was notable for ovarian endometriosis, which had been treated laparoscopically 5 years earlier. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cystic…
Case 4-2021: A 70-Year-Old Woman with Dyspnea on Exertion and Abnormal Findings on Chest Imaging
Presentation of Case. Dr. Benjamin D. Medoff: A 70-year-old woman was evaluated at the pulmonary clinic of this hospital because of increasing dyspnea on exertion and abnormal findings on chest imaging. In childhood, the patient had eczema, recurrent episodes of
Enfortumab Vedotin in Previously Treated Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma
The standard of care for advanced urothelial carcinoma includes platinum-based chemotherapy and programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) inhibitors, administered as frontline, second-line, or maintenance therapy. Despite advances in treatment, this disease remains…
The FDA’s Experience with Covid-19 Antibody Tests
In January 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began considering the U.S. response to Covid-19. On February 4, after the declaration of a public health emergency, we began authorizing tests to diagnose active infections. In such an emergency, the
The FDA’s Experience with Covid-19 Antibody Tests
In January 2020, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) began considering the U.S. response to Covid-19. On February 4, after the declaration of a public health emergency, we began authorizing tests to diagnose active infections. In such an emergency, the
PD-L1 as a biomarker of response to immune-checkpoint inhibitors
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 12 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00473-5 PD-L1 expression is currently the best available biomarker for the prediction of responsiveness to immune-checkpoint inhibitors. However, several immunohistochemical assays are now approved for clinical use in various settings, despite
Case 4-2021: A 70-Year-Old Woman with Dyspnea on Exertion and Abnormal Findings on Chest Imaging
Presentation of Case. Dr. Benjamin D. Medoff: A 70-year-old woman was evaluated at the pulmonary clinic of this hospital because of increasing dyspnea on exertion and abnormal findings on chest imaging. In childhood, the patient had eczema, recurrent episodes of
Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
Abstract This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million
Regulatory T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system becomes chronically dysregulated. In virtually all autoimmune diseases, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors converge to initiate disease pathogenesis. Understanding how genes and the environment intersect provides a foundation for identifying…
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Caring for the Caregivers — Covid-19 Vaccination for Essential Members of the Health Care Team
As U.S. states have developed guidelines for Covid-19 vaccination, some have moved to include “paid or unpaid caregivers (including parents or foster parents) of medically fragile children or adults who live at home” in Phase 1 vaccine allocation. This policy
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
[Editorial] Improving prisoner health for stronger public health
COVID-19 vaccine policy for prisoners has been in the headlines across the USA and the UK. Discordant strategies exist, ranging from no vaccination, to vaccination equivalent to people in the community, to higher prioritisation for people in prison. Prisons are
Mechanic’s Hands
Figure 1.
Not all adverse health outcomes in former contact sports athletes are concussion related
Former National Football League professional American footballers report considerably higher prevalence of physical and social impairment than neurobehavioural dysfunction There is continued interest in the association between exposure to traumatic brain injury (TBI) during contact sports participation and lifelong adverse
Image based analysis of meibomian gland dysfunction using conditional generative adversarial neural network
Objective Meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) is a primary cause of dry eye disease. Analysis of MGD, its severity, shapes and variation in the acini of the meibomian glands (MGs) is receiving much attention in ophthalmology clinics. Existing methods for diagnosing,
Correction: Predictive value of non-specific bronchial challenge testing for respiratory symptoms and lung function in aluminium smelter workers
Abramson MJ, Gwini SM, de Klerk NH, et al. Predictive value of non-specific bronchial challenge testing for respiratory symptoms and lung function in aluminium smelter workers Occup Environ Med 2020;77:535–9. In this article, there is an error in the descriptive
Why did a German newspaper insist the Oxford AstraZeneca vaccine was inefficacious for older people—without evidence?
“AstraZeneca vaccine apparently hardly effective in seniors,” reported the German economic newspaper Handelsblatt on Monday 25 January. “Setback for vaccine” ran as its top story in print the next…
Heart-Shaped Lesion
Figure 1.
Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
Abstract This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million
One of Us
Dr. Susan Moore was one of us. She immigrated to the United States from Jamaica as a child and earned a medical degree from the University of Michigan. She was a family physician in Indianapolis who found herself hospitalized with
Mechanic’s Hands
Figure 1.
Ustekinumab for Refractory Colitis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
To the Editor: Immune-mediated colitis, an adverse effect of therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the production of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), is managed with glucocorticoids, followed by the administration of infliximab…
Liquid chromatin Hi-C characterizes compartment-dependent chromatin interaction dynamics
Nature Genetics, Published online: 11 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00784-4 Liquid chromatin Hi-C maps the intrinsic stability of associations between loci. Lamin-associated domains are most stable, whereas interactions for speckle- and polycomb-associated loci are more dynamic.
[Editorial] Provision of healthy public food: leading by example
In 2017, an estimated 22% of all deaths and 15% of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) globally were attributable to dietary risk factors, including high sodium and sugar intake and low consumption of fruits and vegetables, primarily through the promotion of cardiovascular
Ustekinumab for Refractory Colitis Associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
To the Editor: Immune-mediated colitis, an adverse effect of therapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors that block the production of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated protein 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), is managed with glucocorticoids, followed by the administration of infliximab…
Learning How to Die — Lessons from the Irish Wake
I didn’t want to believe it. I vividly remember when he blindfolded and “kidnapped” my siblings and me, surprising us with an all-day trip to Camp Snoopy, our favorite theme park. And I probably wouldn’t have believed it, if it
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Antibody Status and Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Health Care Workers
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection produces detectable immune responses in most cases reported to date; however, the extent to which previously infected people are protected from a second infection is uncertain. Understanding whether postinfection immunity…
Regulatory T Cells in Multiple Sclerosis
Autoimmunity occurs when the immune system becomes chronically dysregulated. In virtually all autoimmune diseases, genetic susceptibility and environmental factors converge to initiate disease pathogenesis. Understanding how genes and the environment intersect provides a foundation for identifying…
Case 4-2021: A 70-Year-Old Woman with Dyspnea on Exertion and Abnormal Findings on Chest Imaging
Presentation of Case. Dr. Benjamin D. Medoff: A 70-year-old woman was evaluated at the pulmonary clinic of this hospital because of increasing dyspnea on exertion and abnormal findings on chest imaging. In childhood, the patient had eczema, recurrent episodes of
Circadian Mechanisms in Medicine
In addition to the sleep–wake cycle and cognitive functions such as learning and memory, intrinsic clocks determine nearly all circadian cycles in physiology, such as daily variation in blood pressure, heart rate, hormone levels, respiratory and exercise capacity, and coagulation.
Covid-19: What happened to randomised controlled trials?
Whenever there is widespread uncertainty about the balance between the benefits and harms of a therapeutic intervention—which clearly exists for the timing of when to start invasive ventilation…
Antimalarial use and arrhythmias in COVID-19 and rheumatic patients: a matter of dose and inflammation?
We read with great interest the paper by Graef and colleagues, ‘Festina lente: hydroxychloroquine, covid-19 and the role of the rheumatologist’.1 As the authors correctly point out, despite firm evidence that their efficacy and safety are lacking,2 antimalarials are being
Associations between left bundle branch block with different PR intervals, QRS durations, heart rates and the risk of heart failure: a register-based cohort study using ECG data from the primary care setting
Aim Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF). We assessed the impact of common ECG parameters on this association using large-scale data. Methods and results Using ECGs recorded in a large primary
Heartbeat: higher risk of COVID-19 infection in younger patients with cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major risk factor for adverse outcomes with COVID-19 infection. Concerns raised early in the pandemic that renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockade by treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers might increase that
Embracing Genetic Diversity to Improve Black Health
As researchers whose work is largely focused on genetics and who self-identify as Black men, arguably one of the most disadvantaged groups in the United States, we have had similar formative experiences during our training and careers. We have all
STEP 1 for Effective Weight Control — Another First Step?
Given the worldwide increase in obesity, with attendant coexisting conditions and increased risk of death, there is a pressing need to address weight loss and maintenance strategies. Behavioral methods of weight control fail more often than not, and bariatric surgery
STEP 1 for Effective Weight Control — Another First Step?
Given the worldwide increase in obesity, with attendant coexisting conditions and increased risk of death, there is a pressing need to address weight loss and maintenance strategies. Behavioral methods of weight control fail more often than not, and bariatric surgery
Vaccine Innovations — Past and Future
Vaccination is a powerful method of disease prevention that is relevant to people of all ages and in all countries, as the Covid-19 pandemic illustrates. Vaccination can improve people’s chances of survival, protect communities from new and reemerging health threats,
Race and Genetic Ancestry in Medicine — A Time for Reckoning with Racism
In the United States, race, ancestry, genetics, and medicine are inextricably linked in a complex and fraught history. Medicine is replete with examples of racial injustice inflicted by the use of race and ethnicity as biologic constructs to engender hierarchical
Fossil fuel air pollution blamed for 1 in 5 deaths worldwide
Fossil fuel air pollution is responsible for around one in five deaths, which is more than double the number previously thought, a study has found.The researchers estimated that 8.7 million people…
Coronary artery aneurysms: outcomes following medical, percutaneous interventional and surgical management
Background Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are increasingly diagnosed on coronary angiography; however, controversies persist regarding their optimal management. In the present study, we analysed the long-term outcomes of patients with CAAs following three different management strategies. Methods We performed a
Association of Infertility and All-Cause Mortality: Analysis of US Claims Data
The consequences of an infertility diagnosis extend beyond the pursuit of family building, as infertile women also face increased risks of severe maternal morbidity, cancer, and chronic disease.
Feeling depressed? Keep calm, and watch microglia
The immune system actively regulates brain activity through the engagement of immune cells and immunomodulatory molecules. In this issue of Immunity, Klawonn et al. show that the activation of microglia in the striatum triggers an IL-6-mediated autocrine loop and the release
Updated Recommendations for Gonorrhea Treatment
Updated recommendations for treating gonorrhea aim to combat rising drug resistance.
Home insulation also saves lives by reducing wood stove pollution
As well as creating warmer, healthier homes,1 improved insulation saves lives by reducing wood heater pollution, which is responsible for 56% of the health costs of man made air pollution in New…
Health-related quality of life 1-3 years post-myocardial infarction: its impact on prognosis
Objective To assess associations of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with patient profile, resource use, cardiovascular (CV) events and mortality in stable patients post-myocardial infarction (MI). Methods The global, prospective, observational TIGRIS Study enrolled 9126 patients 1–3 years post-MI. HRQoL
Unlocking the potential of antibody–drug conjugates for cancer therapy
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00470-8 Antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) constitute a unique class of anticancer agents with demonstrated clinical efficacy against several different cancer types. Herein, the authors discuss the design and mechanisms of action of
Standing at the Crossroads
Comorbid conditions among cancer survivors are not a stranger to oncologists, but the conditions change when the cancer therapy toolbox expands. New interdisciplinary fields are recognized. We ask clinicians from psycho-oncology, cardio-oncology, and neurology to tell us how the fields
Management of Antithrombotic Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes
Because of rapidly changing guidelines in response to multiple clinical trials of new therapies, the management of antithrombotic agents for patients after an acute coronary syndrome is becoming increasingly complex. Patients and clinicians must make treatment decisions by weighing the…
Chromatin openness requires continuous SWI/SNF activity
Nature Genetics, Published online: 08 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00781-7 Chromatin structure, specifically sites of open or accessible chromatin, regulates transcription-factor binding, thereby determining cell-type-specific gene expression. Two new studies identify a constant requirement for SWI/SNF-complex remodeling to maintain open chromatin. In
Engineering 3D genome organization
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 08 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41576-020-00325-5 There is a rapidly growing appreciation of the complexities of 3D genome organization, as well as associations with gene expression and wider cellular and organismal phenotypes, including diseases. In this Review,
Government to reverse Lansley reforms in major NHS shake up
Key elements of the Health and Social Care Act 2012 are to be reversed in the biggest legislative shake up of the English health service in a decade.A draft white paper,1 leaked to the website Health…
Involvement of community paediatricians in the care of children and young people with mental health difficulties in the UK: implications for case ascertainment by child and adolescent psychiatric, and paediatric surveillance systems
Objective To ascertain the extent to which community paediatricians are involved in the care of children with mental health conditions in order to determine which difficulties are appropriate for single or joint surveillance by the British Paediatric Surveillance Unit (BPSU)
Categorization of cerebral palsy cases: a different perspective
Beyond Tuskegee — Vaccine Distrust and Everyday Racism
J. Marion Sims. Henrietta Lacks. The Tuskegee Syphilis Study. With two authorized SARS-CoV-2 vaccines now available, particular concerns have emerged regarding whether Black communities will choose to be vaccinated. In a pandemic that has disproportionately burdened Black Americans, experts have…
Management of Antithrombotic Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes
Because of rapidly changing guidelines in response to multiple clinical trials of new therapies, the management of antithrombotic agents for patients after an acute coronary syndrome is becoming increasingly complex. Patients and clinicians must make treatment decisions by weighing the…
“Author reply to “Commentary on A specific bacterial DNA signature in the vagina of Australian women in midpregnancy predicts high risk of spontaneous preterm birth (the Predict1000 study)””
WEE1 inhibition after platinum resistance
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 05 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41571-021-00482-4 WEE1 inhibition after platinum resistance
Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries
Abstract This article provides an update on the global cancer burden using the GLOBOCAN 2020 estimates of cancer incidence and mortality produced by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Worldwide, an estimated 19.3 million new cancer cases (18.1 million
Cancer exceptional responders
Nature Genetics, Published online: 05 February 2021; doi:10.1038/s41588-021-00793-3 Cancer exceptional responders
Management of Antithrombotic Therapy after Acute Coronary Syndromes
Because of rapidly changing guidelines in response to multiple clinical trials of new therapies, the management of antithrombotic agents for patients after an acute coronary syndrome is becoming increasingly complex. Patients and clinicians must make treatment decisions by weighing the…
Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine
The emergence in December 2019 of a novel coronavirus, the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has had devastating consequences globally. Control measures such as the use of masks, physical distancing, testing of exposed or symptomatic persons, contact tracing,
Proteoglycan 4 Reduces Neuroinflammation and Protects the Blood–Brain Barrier after Traumatic Brain Injury
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 38, Issue 4, Page 385-398, February 15, 2021.
Sports injury and illness incidence among South Korean elite athletes in the 2018 Asian Games: a single-physician prospective study of 782 athletes
Objective The increasing incidence of sports injury among athletes calls for systemic surveillance of injuries and illnesses in this field to develop preventive measures. The patterns of injuries and illnesses that occurred among Korean athletes during the 2018 Asian Games
COVID-19 pandemic is associated with mechanical complications in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction
Objective Although there are regional reports that the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with a reduction in acute myocardial infarction presentations and primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) procedures, little is known about the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mechanical complications
Correction: Gastroenterology department operational reorganisation at the time of COVID-19 outbreak: an Italian and Chinese experience
Danese S, Ran ZH, Repici A, et al. Gastroenterology department operational reorganisation at the time of COVID-19 outbreak: an Italian and Chinese experience. Gut 2020;69:981–3. doi:10.1136/gutjnl-2020-321143 The correct affiliations for Prof Danese are: IBD center, Department of Gastroenterology, Humanitas Clinical
Walter Marshall
bmj;372/feb05_10/n328/FAF1faWalter Marshall (“Terry”) ran a general practice in Constable Country from 1961 to 1996. He was president of the BMA Suffolk division, chairman of Suffolk local medical…
Highlights from this issue
Ethics of providing clinically assisted nutrition and hydration: Current issues The provision of clinically assisted nutrition and hydration (CANH) can present clinicians with significant practical and ethical dilemmas. In this issue Andrew Rochford summarises the ethical and legal issues and
Peripheral body temperature rhythm is associated with suicide risk in major depressive disorder: a case-control study
Background Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may have an abnormal peripheral body temperature rhythm, but its relationship with suicidal risk and the response to treatment with antidepressants remain unknown. Aims This study aimed to investigate the feature of peripheral
Study of risk factors for intraoperative hypothermia during pediatric burn surgery
Background Intraoperative hypothermia (core temperature <36.0°C) is common during the perioperative period and can result in adverse consequences, especially in children. We aimed to determine the incidence of intraoperative hypothermia and its risk factors in pediatric patients during burn surgery.
Membrane Tension Locks In Pluripotency
In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, De Belly et al. (2021) and Bergert et al. (2021) reveal that membrane tension regulates the pluripotent state via endocytosis-mediated ERK signaling. These findings advance our understanding of naive pluripotency and highlight how cell mechanics
Breast Cancer Risk Genes — Association Analysis in More than 113,000 Women
Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility is an established part of medical practice. Until recently, testing was performed mainly in patients with a strong family history of cancer and involved a limited number of genes known to be associated with a
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