Background This paper will focus on outcome reporting within percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) trials. A core outcome set (COS) is a standardised set of outcomes that are recommended to be reported in every clinical trial. Using a COS can help
Scottish parliament did not lack courage in voting against assisted suicide bill in 2015
Warlow, a trustee of the pro-assisted dying campaign group Friends at the End, welcomes the introduction of the Assisted Dying for Terminally Ill Adults (Scotland) Bill, but wonders if members of the Scottish parliament will have the “courage to legislate
Laparoscopic hemihepatectomy is safe and effective
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00900-3 Laparoscopic hemihepatectomy is safe and effective
[Editorial] Curbing the climb in cancer incidence
The Lancet’s Breast Cancer Commission, published on April 15, 2024, predicts that by 2040, the global incidence of new cases of breast cancer will be more than 3 million per year, with the greatest rise in low-income and middle-income countries.
Experimental evolution of cancer chromosomal changes
Nature Genetics, Published online: 29 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01742-6 Experimental genome evolution of normal human cells reveals an intrinsic propensity to develop cancer-associated chromosomal alterations.
Rapid pathogen surveillance: field-ready sequencing solutions
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 29 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00734-w In this Journal Club, Kirstyn Brunker highlights two papers published in 2017 that showcase how the emergence of portable sequencing capabilities improved the real-time response to infectious disease outbreaks on a
A prospective study of dietary patterns and the incidence of endometriosis diagnosis
Although endometriosis is a common condition—affecting ∼10% of premenopausal individuals—its etiology is unknown. Diet receives large patient attention, but studies of the role of diet are limited. Examining dietary patterns is essential to provide new insight.
[Editorial] Another crackdown on LGBTQ+ people in Africa
In a blow for LGBTQ+ communities, Ghana’s parliament passed a bill in February, which extends and bolsters laws that discriminate and criminalise LGBTQ+ people, further infringing their human rights, and potentially derailing the HIV response in the country. This comes
What will it take for a new sanitary revolution in the UK?
Recently the dire state of the UK’s rivers was highlighted once again when rowers in the annual Oxford vs Cambridge boat race were taken unwell. They criticised the levels of sewage and high rates of e-coli in the river Thames.1
Correction: Night work during pregnancy and small for gestational age: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study
Begtrup LM, Sejbaek CS, Flachs EM, et al. Night work during pregnancy and small for gestational age: a Danish nationwide register-based cohort study. Occup Environ Med 2023;80:610-616. This article was previously published with an error. Duplicate sentences in the Introduction
Evidence of brain injury in fetuses of mothers with preterm labor with intact membranes and preterm prelabor rupture of membranes
Brain injury and poor neurodevelopment have consistently been reported in infants and adults born preterm. These changes occur at least in part prenatally and are associated with intra-amniotic inflammation. The pattern of brain changes has been partially documented by magnetic
Multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of kidney cancer identifies 63 susceptibility regions
Nature Genetics, Published online: 26 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01725-7 A multi-ancestry genome-wide association meta-analysis of kidney cancer identifies 63 regions associated with disease susceptibility including one locus that was associated with increased risk in individuals with African ancestry.
The drama of psychoanalysis
Henry Miller, the witty and now dead neurologist from Newcastle, said that one of the great challenges for 21st century medical historians would be to explain the obsession with psychoanalysis in the 20th century. How did thinking what was more
From AACR 2024
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00897-9 From AACR 2024
ACR–ARS Practice Parameter for Radiation Oncology
Background: This practice parameter was revised collaboratively by the American College of Radiology (ACR), and the American Radium Society. This practice parameter provides updated reference literature regarding radiation oncology practice and its key personnel. Methods: This practice parameter was developed
Author Correction: Cell-type-specific and disease-associated expression quantitative trait loci in the human lung
Nature Genetics, Published online: 25 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01765-z Author Correction: Cell-type-specific and disease-associated expression quantitative trait loci in the human lung
Aetiology and predictors of major bleeding events in patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention
Objectives We sought to determine the relationship between the degree of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) impairment and the frequency and type of bleeding events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Design This was an observational retrospective cohort analysis. Patients who
Immunology is for everyone
This “Focus on Immunology” issue brings Cell’s 50th anniversary celebrations straight to your lymph nodes! Special Leading Edge articles highlight the exciting past, present, and future of the increasingly interdisciplinary field of immunology.
[Editorial] Assisted dying needs a thoughtful and engaged dialogue
“It’s simple and humane”. Such was Emmanuel Macron’s explanation of the title of France’s new Aid in Dying bill, which aims to make it legal for adults with terminal illness to take lethal medication prescribed by a doctor. The wish
Neurocognitive enriched rehabilitation at #sportfisio2024
The Swiss Sports Physiotherapy Association (SSPA) will hold its 22nd annual conference on 8 November 2024 at the Bernexpo, Bern, capital of Switzerland and home of this event since 2005. The goal of SSPA has always been to organise a
Birth cohort effect in atrial fibrillation: a matter of detection?
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac rhythm disorder, affecting an estimated 43 million people globally.1 In the last 20 years, the incidence of AF increased by 33% and it is expected to increase by threefold in the
Acute left testicular pain in a child
A 10 year old boy presented to the emergency department with a one day history of left testicular pain and swelling. He had no history of scrotal trauma, fever, nausea, abdominal pain, or urinary symptoms. Clinical examination showed a small,
Cancer diagnosis and treatment in working‐age adults: Implications for employment, health insurance coverage, and financial hardship in the United States
Abstract The rising costs of cancer care and subsequent medical financial hardship for cancer survivors and families are well documented in the United States. Less attention has been paid to employment disruptions and loss of household income after a cancer
Dermoid cyst management and outcomes: A review of over 1,000 cases at a single institution
Mature cystic teratomas represent nearly 60% of benign ovarian neoplasms across all age groups. We aim to update existing descriptive studies of ovarian teratomas including the epidemiology, rate of torsion/malignancy, and treatment modalities in a large modern cohort of patients.
Joint genotypic and phenotypic outcome modeling improves base editing variant effect quantification
Nature Genetics, Published online: 24 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01726-6 BEAN is a Bayesian approach for analyzing base editing screens with improved effect size quantification and variant classification. Applied to low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-associated common variants and saturation base editing of LDLR, BEAN
What tubulin can teach us about gene regulation
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 24 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00733-x In this Journal Club article, Olivia Rissland describes how a 1987 paper by Don Cleveland and colleagues provided insight into co-translational gene regulation of tubulin.
[Editorial] What is the pandemic potential of avian influenza A(H5N1)?
On March 25, 2024, a national authority in Viet Nam notified WHO of a case of human infection with highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus (clade unreported). Then on April 1, a second but unrelated human infection with HPAI
Patient centred outcomes should be focus of interventions to sustain independence in older people
Maintenance of function is increasingly important as populations age. In their systematic review and network meta-analysis of community based complex interventions to sustain independence in older people, Crocker and colleagues investigated which groups of intervention components most likely sustain independence.1
Thematic analysis of Prevention of Future Death reports for suicide: January 2021 to October 2022
Background Suicide prevention remains a high priority topic across government and the National Health Service (NHS). Prevention of Future Death (PFD) reports are produced by coroners to highlight concerns that should be addressed by organisations to prevent future deaths in
Intrapartum electronic fetal heart rate monitoring to predict acidemia at birth with the use of deep learning
EFM is used in the vast majority of US hospital births, but has significant limitations in achieving its intended goal of preventing intrapartum hypoxic-ischemic injury. Novel deep learning techniques can improve complex data processing and pattern recognition in medicine.
New genes helped acorn barnacles adapt to a sessile lifestyle
Nature Genetics, Published online: 23 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01733-7 A new acorn barnacles genome assembly, together with transcriptomic and proteomic datasets and functional experiments, identify bcs-6 and bsf, as new genes involved in the settlement process by facilitating energy metabolism and
[Editorial] Earth Day: time for transformational change
On April 22, the 54th annual Earth Day will continue endeavours to “diversify, educate and activate the environmental movement worldwide”. Part of Earth Day’s ongoing work includes broadening the definition of environmental issues to include the health of both individuals
Audio Highlights
Listen to the JAMA Editor’s Audio Summary for an overview and discussion of the important articles appearing in this week’s issue of JAMA.
Standardising antenatal analgesia information
Kmietowicz reports that women from poorer backgrounds are less likely to have an epidural during labour than women from richer backgrounds, even when it is medically indicated.1The authors of the study published in Anaesthesia suggest several reasons for the difference
Overtreatment of multiple myeloma and its precursor states: de-escalation is an urgent need in clinical practice and trials
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 22 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00895-x Certain subsets of patients with multiple myeloma or its precursor conditions are overtreated with current approaches to therapy. Herein, we highlight several key areas where we believe de-escalation of treatment
Corrigendum to ‘Evolution of twitter use in gynecology – a quantitative analysis post society of gynecological surgeons ontology list publication’
The authors regret the authorship affiliations are incorrect on the originally published abstract. The correct authorship and affiliations are:
Finding the lost sister: mirror-image mutation phasing in mammalian mitotic sister cells
Nature Genetics, Published online: 22 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01713-x This study establishes in vitro and in vivo systems to study mutagenesis and cancer genome evolution. Using microfluidics and mouse models, the method enables the dissection of co-occurring mutational processes and reveals
Genome assembly in the telomere-to-telomere era
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 22 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00718-w In this Review, Li and Durbin discuss how to generate telomere-to-telomere assemblies for large haploid or diploid genomes using currently available data types and algorithms, and outline remaining challenges in resolving
Primary survey: highlights from this issue
‘Free vapes given to smokers at hospitals could help thousands quit, study suggests.’ And ‘Calls for free vapes to be handed out in emergency departments.’ These were the headlines describing this month’s Editor’s Choice, the Cessation of Smoking Trial in
NHS England looks to cut back on doctors’ statutory and mandatory training
NHS England is exploring ways it can reduce the amount of statutory and mandatory training that doctors undertake, to free up clinicians’ time to care for patients. The work is one several measures NHS England intends to introduce to improve
New light shed on Anderson–Fabry, peripartum, and early-onset cardiomyopathies
Multiparametric MRI for characterization of the tumour microenvironment
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00891-1 By combining multiple MRI sequences, each providing different but complementary information about the tumour microenvironment (TME), multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) enables non-invasive assessment of the heterogeneous features of the TME components.
Author Correction: New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries
Nature Genetics, Published online: 19 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01752-4 Author Correction: New genetic signals for lung function highlight pathways and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease associations across multiple ancestries
Healthcare professionals deserve support services tailored to their specific needs
“If you build it, they will come” is not only a quote from the 1989 film Field of Dreams, but also the words used by my predecessor Clare Gerada to describe the success of NHS Practitioner Health (NHSPH) since its
Mosaic RASopathies concept: different skin lesions, same systemic manifestations?
Background Cutaneous epidermal nevi are genotypically diverse mosaic disorders. Pathogenic hotspot variants in HRAS, KRAS, and less frequently, NRAS and BRAF may cause isolated keratinocytic epidermal nevi and sebaceous nevi or several different syndromes when associated with extracutaneous anomalies. Therefore,
Constants and variations in 69 diverse genomes of Arabidopsis thaliana
Nature Genetics, Published online: 18 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01716-8 Chromosome-level genome sequences of 69 diverse Arabidopsis thaliana strains reveal a quasi-fixed genome structure worldwide, in which large rearrangement is limited almost exclusively to the centromeric regions. Pan-genome analysis uncovered substantial diversity
Nuclear mRNA decay: regulatory networks that control gene expression
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 18 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00712-2 In this Review, the authors summarize our current understanding of nuclear pre-mRNA and mRNA decay pathways. They describe how aberrantly processed mRNAs are targeted for decay in the nucleus and how
ALND can be safely omitted for patients with sentinel-node macrometastases
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 18 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00893-z ALND can be safely omitted for patients with sentinel-node macrometastases
Implementation of Perinatal Quality Collaborative Statewide Initiative Improves Obstetric Opioid Use Disorder Care and Outcomes
Maternal deaths resulting from opioid use disorder (OUD) have been rising across the United States. OUD among pregnant persons is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes including preterm birth along with racial disparities in optimal OUD care.
[Editorial] Helping young people thrive in China: policy and culture
China has made huge gains in child and adolescent health over the past 70 years. A focus on women’s reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health has helped to drive down the mortality rate in those aged 5–19 years from
Polygenic Risk Score Predicts Earlier-Onset Adult Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and First-Year Renal Diseases in a Taiwanese Cohort
Objectives This study aimed to develop a predictive model using polygenic risk score (PRS) to forecast renal outcomes for adult systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in a Taiwanese population. Methods Patients with SLE (n=2782) and matched non-SLE controls (n=11 128) were
Correction: Hepatitis A and B vaccination in gbMSM in Ireland: findings from the European MSM internet survey 2017 (EMIS-2017)
White P, O’Donnell K, Brennan A, et al. Hepatitis A and B vaccination in gbMSM in Ireland: findings from the European MSM Internet Survey 2017 (EMIS-2017). Sex Transm Infect 2023;99:337-344. In this article, the authors have made changes to the
Nestle accused of double standards over added sugar in baby products sold in poorer countries
Baby food manufacturer Nestlé has been accused of “unjustifiable” double standards after an investigation found that it added high levels of sugar to cereals for children sold in lower income countries.In contrast, infant formula and cereal sold in Switzerland, where
Atoms
Reining in—October 2023 The hazel door swung ajar onto the penumbrally-lit corridor, the guttural scream of the hinges piercing the silence. The line of mute, quietly agitated applicants for the post uncomfortably positioned on the hard, lime green plastic chairs,
Fantoms
Diagnosis and management of congenital diaphragmatic hernia Editor’s choice for this issue is the updated guideline from the Canadian Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia Collaborative. This is a very comprehensive document with a rigorous methodology that updates the previous version published in
Gene of the month: the uroplakins
Uroplakins are a family of membrane-spanning proteins highly specific to the urothelium. There are four uroplakin proteins in humans. These are encoded by the following UPK genes: UPK1A, UPK1B, UPK2 and UPK3. Uroplakin proteins span the apical membrane of umbrella
Not only a Western world issue: Cancer incidence in younger individuals in the United Arab Emirates
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.
Lasix for the prevention of de novo postpartum hypertension: A randomized placebo-controlled trial (LAPP Trial)
Birthing people with de novo postpartum hypertensive disorders remain among the highest risk for severe maternal morbidity. Randomized controlled trials demonstrate a benefit to oral loop-diuretics in decreasing postpartum hypertensive morbidity in patients with an antenatal diagnosis of preeclampsia. It
Integrative common and rare variant analyses provide insights into the genetic architecture of liver cirrhosis
Nature Genetics, Published online: 17 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01720-y A multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of liver cirrhosis and its associated endophenotypes identifies and validates 14 risk variants. Integrative common and rare variant analyses provide insights into the genetic architecture of liver
Natural antisense transcripts as versatile regulators of gene expression
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 17 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00723-z In this Perspective, Werner and colleagues discuss the many potential mechanisms by which natural antisense transcripts (NATs) can regulate expression of their complementary sense transcripts, the biological implications of their regulatory
14-3-3θ, a novel player in TDP-43 pathophysiology: Implications for ALS/FTD
In this issue of Neuron, Ke et al. report a novel non-canonical interaction between 14-3-3θ and TDP-43 that impacts loss-of-function and gain-of-toxic pathology in TDP-43 proteinopathies. The authors further provide proof of principle for a 14-3-3θ-targeted gene therapy to reduce TDP-43-induced
Urgent action and legislation are needed to tackle overseas bariatric and cosmetic tourism
We were pleased to read the article highlighting the ongoing problem of complications from overseas surgery.1Our department has seen several patients with emergency complications associated with cosmetic tourism in the past year. The most common reasons for seeking surgery abroad
Lighting the torch: intratumoural T cell-to-stroma enrichment score as a predictor of immunotherapy response in urothelial carcinoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00890-2 T cell infiltration in the tumour microenvironment (TME) is a prerequisite for sustained antitumour immune responses. However, identifying predictive biomarkers that quantify T cell infiltration and the presence of proinflammatory
Single-mitosis dissection of acute and chronic DNA mutagenesis and repair
Nature Genetics, Published online: 16 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01712-y A single-cell-based approach allows the daughters of a damaged cell to be separately tracked following single mitotic events. This technique highlights the different ways in which ultraviolet light and reactive oxygen species
Review of codelists used to define hypertension in electronic health records and development of a codelist for research
Background and aims Hypertension is a leading risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Electronic health records (EHRs) are routinely collected throughout a person’s care, recording all aspects of health status, including current and past conditions, prescriptions and test results. EHRs can
Audio Highlights
Listen to the JAMA Editor’s Audio Summary for an overview and discussion of the important articles appearing in this week’s issue of JAMA.
Public awareness campaign on risks of accessing weight loss surgery overseas is crucial
Patients need clearer warnings about the risks of having surgery abroad.1 Health tourism in weight loss and aesthetic surgery is happening with accelerating frequency. In the past few months I have had to manage several patients who had bariatric and
Genetic associations of human metabolic traits
Nature Genetics, Published online: 15 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01729-3 Genetic associations of human metabolic traits
Understanding human uniqueness in the pre-genomic era
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 15 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00732-y In this Journal Club article, Jenny Tung reflects on a 1975 paper from King and Wilson that emphasized the importance of gene regulatory changes in human evolution.
[Editorial] Important lessons on healthcare from rare diseases
Promoting the wellbeing of its citizens, fighting discrimination, and supporting scientific progress are among core values of the European Union (EU), where the rare diseases community must be commended for translating these values into actions. After two decades of intense
[Editorial] From clinical psychiatry to implementation research and back again
In April, 2023, The Lancet Psychiatry published an Article by Damian Santomauro and colleagues showing that only 12·5% of the global burden of anxiety disorders is alleviated by routine health care, whereas 71·1% of global burden could be averted if
Most members on FDA advisory panel that recommended cardiac device had received payments from its maker
Ten out of 14 members of a US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) advisory panel that recommended the approval of a device designed to repair heart valves had received payments in recent years from its maker Abbott Laboratories, but these
Correction: RAGE-induced ILC2 expansion in acute lung injury due to haemorrhagic shock
Zhang K, Jin Y, Lai D, et al. RAGE-induced ILC2 expansion in acute lung injury due to haemorrhagic shock. Thorax 2020;75:209–19. In the original version of this article, some H&E images in Figure 8 including panel A (Hmgb1-/- sham, and
Adherence in a fortnight: is this a true reflection of a lifetime?
Recently, there has been significant momentum in the widespread adoption of digital health technologies for detecting and managing atrial fibrillation (AF). The diagnostic accuracy of various commercially available devices is well described and influenced by factors such as device type
Cost-effectiveness of BRCA1 testing at time of obstetrical prenatal carrier screening for cancer prevention
Improved technologies paired with an increase in access to genetic testing has led to the availability of expanded carrier screening evaluating hundreds of disorders. Currently, most autosomal dominant mutations, such as BRCA1, are not included in expanded carrier assays. Screening
The importance of prevention in high-risk patients: peripheral artery disease, renal failure, and diabetes
For the podcast associated with this article, please visit https://academic.oup.com/eurheartj/pages/Podcasts.
Red filter meibography by smartphones in patients with meibomian gland dysfunction: a validity and reliability study
Objective The objective of this study is to determine the validity and reliability of the red filter meibography by smartphone compared with infrared in assessing meibomian gland drop-out. Methods and analysis An analytical cross-sectional study was done with a total
A developmental exit from totipotency
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 12 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00730-0 A paper in Nature Genetics identifies a mechanism involving the transcription factor DUXBL that controls the development of early embryonic mouse cells past stages marked by totipotency.
Almost a third of UK doctors are considering moving abroad soon, survey suggests
Nearly a third (30%) of doctors currently practising medicine in the UK are considering leaving in the next 12 months to work abroad, a survey by the General Medical Council (GMC) has suggested.1The online survey of 3154 doctors was carried
Prospective trial of natalizumab personalised extended interval dosing by therapeutic drug monitoring in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (NEXT-MS)
Natalizumab treatment in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: can we safely personalise treatment intervals? In JNNP, Toorop and coworkers present the results of the NEXT-MS trial, a clinical trial on individualised extended interval dosing (EID) of natalizumab (NTZ) in people with relapsing-remitting
A pan-genome of 69 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions reveals a conserved genome structure throughout the global species range
Nature Genetics, Published online: 11 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01715-9 A pan-genome of Arabidopsis thaliana constructed using chromosome-level genome assemblies of 69 diverse accessions reveals a conserved genome structure throughout the global species range.
Human embryonic genetic mosaicism and its effects on development and disease
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 11 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00715-z Genetic variants acquired early during embryogenesis can affect numerous tissues. The authors review the phenomenon of embryonic mosaicism, with a focus on small variants, and discuss mechanisms of cell competition that
Elliott Dan Kieff, MD, PhD (1943–2024)
Dr. Elliott Kieff passed away on January 4, 2024, at the age of 80. The world lost a brilliant scientist and a generous, kind soul. Dr. Kieff’s studies unraveled a wealth of complex mechanisms through which the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)
[Editorial] India’s elections: why data and transparency matter
Later this month, Indians will head to the polls in what will be the largest election in history. 970 million people, more than 10% of the world population, will vote in the 2024 Lok Sabha (House of the People) parliamentary
Epidemiology of injuries at the 2023 UCI cycling world championships using the International Olympic Consensus: a protocol for a prospective cohort study
The sport of cycling consists of several individual sporting disciplines. Indeed, the world governing body for cycling, Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI), oversees the various cycling disciplines, with each of these disciplines having a number of subcategories. While several sports have
Accuracy of prostate cancer screening and other research
Long term outcomes from PSA screeningThe Cluster Randomised Trial of PSA Testing for Prostate Cancer (CAP) study has just reported 15-year mortality findings. Between 2002 and 2009 over 400 000 men aged 50-69 years in England and Wales were either
Correction: Lupus low disease activity state attainment in the phase 3 TULIP trials of anifrolumab in active systemic lupus erythematosus
Morand EF, Abreu G, Furie RA, et al. Lupus low disease activity state attainment in the phase 3 TULIP trials of anifrolumab in active systemic lupus erythematosus. Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 2023;82:639-645. This note aims to correct an error
BSACP Conference abstract
2023 British Society of Abortion Care Providers Conference Abstracts These oral abstracts were presented at the 2023 British Society of Abortion Care Providers (BSACP) Annual Conference on 10 November 2023 titled: ‘Excellence in Abortion Care Together: Coming together as a
Antiangiogenic–immune-checkpoint inhibitor combinations: lessons from phase III clinical trials
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00886-y The benefit of combining antiangiogenic agents with immune-checkpoint inhibitors has been demonstrated in pivotal phase III trials across different cancer types, some with practice-changing results; however, other phase III trials
[Editorial] Evidence-based kindness and empathy for autistic children
Being autistic is not a tragedy. Autism is a way of being, part of human neurodiversity and not a disordered or pathological process. But being autistic too often results in marked disability, mental and physical ill health, and reduced life
Intertwined depressive and cognitive trajectories and the risk of dementia and death in older adults: a competing risk analysis
Background Depressive symptoms and cognitive impairment often interact, rendering their associations controversial. To date, their joint trajectories and associations with dementia and death remain underexplored. Aims To explore the interactions between depressive symptoms and cognitive function, their developmental trajectories and
Scarlett McNally: Small changes for better use of time and teams
At the start of the year I made a few small changes that have transformed my quality of life. Alongside doing Dry January,1 I bought myself an alarm clock. Now, instead of my phone waking me up it stays on
Executive summary: Workshop on maternal mental health, February 11-12, 2024, co-sponsored by the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
The conceptual foundations of innate immunity: Taking stock 30 years later
Recent studies revealed the existence of common principles of innate immune mechanisms across kingdoms and between the innate and adaptive branches of immunity in vertebrates. Lemaitre et al. discuss some key concepts of innate immunity that have renewed our vision of
Tissue-specific enhancer–gene maps from multimodal single-cell data identify causal disease alleles
Nature Genetics, Published online: 09 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01682-1 SCENT is a nonparametric method that models association between chromatin accessibility and gene expression in single-cell multimodal datasets, enabling construction of cell-type-specific enhancer–gene maps to aid mapping of candidate causal variants and
Data Errors
In the Original Investigation titled “Emulation of Randomized Clinical Trials With Nonrandomized Database Analyses: Results of 32 Clinical Trials,” published in the April 25, 2023, issue of JAMA, there were errors in the categorization of statistical significance agreement for the
Traumatic Brain Injury Effects on the Next Generation
Journal of Neurotrauma, Volume 41, Issue 7-8, Page 751-751, April 2024.
Guidelines on gender related treatment flouted standards and overlooked poor evidence, finds Cass review
Clinical guidelines used widely around the world to treat children and adolescents who raise issues about their gender were developed in breach of international standards on guideline development, a review set up by NHS England has concluded.1The review, chaired by
Nucleic acid-based drugs for patients with solid tumours
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00883-1 Nucleic acid-based therapies offer an alternative to traditional cancer treatment modalities, with promising data beginning to emerge. In this Review, the authors describe the design and development of nucleic acid-based
Targeting APOBECs in cancer: It’s about timing
APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases have emerged as key drivers of mutagenesis in a wide spectrum of tumor types and are now appreciated to play a causal role in driving tumor evolution and drug resistance. As efforts to develop APOBEC3 inhibitors progress,
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Gun Violence and Pregnancy
The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine (SMFM) acknowledges gun violence as a public health crisis in the United States, with a significant impact on pregnant and postpartum people. We recognize the urgent need for a robust, equitable, data-driven approach to mitigate
[Editorial] Addressing the evolving landscape of global malnutrition
Between 1990 and 2022, the combined prevalence of both underweight and obesity increased in most countries around the globe, according to new data from the NCD Risk Factor Collaboration, published recently in The Lancet. These changes are largely due to
New era in heart failure management: implementing cutting-edge therapies effectively
Specialised foundation programme allocation: making research everyone’s business
Politis and colleagues raise concerns regarding changes to recruitment and “levelling down” allocation of academic foundation posts, stating that preference informed allocation is a “cheap fix” when aiming to widen participation.1We agree. “Levelling up” can be implemented in medical schools
Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Position Statement: Extending Medicaid coverage for 12 months postpartum
The Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine supports federal and state policies that expand Medicaid eligibility and extend Medicaid coverage through 12 months postpartum to address the maternal morbidity and mortality crisis and improve health equity. Access to coverage is essential to
The complex interaction between cancer, ischaemic heart disease, and heart failure, and a focus on arrhythmias including risk stratification in Brugada syndrome and leadless pacing
Global cancer statistics: A healthy population relies on population health
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.
Ageing workforce is putting future of medical education and research at risk, warns Medical Schools Council
The UK’s capacity to contribute to scientific research and educate medical students is at risk without investment in the clinical academic workforce, the Medical Schools Council has said.The representative body for UK medical schools has published data showing that the
UpFront
FIT negative clinic as a safety net for low-risk colorectal cancer patients: impact on Endoscopy and Radiology utilisation – a retrospective cohort study Faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) is recommended by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence to triage
Correction: Identification of c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS as critical regulators of death receptor-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells
Haag C, Stadel D, Zhou S, et al. Identification of c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS as critical regulators of death receptor-induced apoptosis in pancreatic cancer cells. Gut 2011;60:225-237. doi: 10.1136/gut.2009.202325 Figure 9a illustrates the downregulation of c-FLIP by Cisplatin. The authors observed
Induction of regulatory T cells and efficacy of low-dose interleukin-2 in systemic sclerosis: interventional open-label phase 1-phase 2a study
Background Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease, with impaired immune response, increased fibrosis and endothelial dysfunction. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), which are essential to control inflammation, tissue repair and autoimmunity, have a decreased frequency and impaired function in
Genetic haute couture to block HIV-1 at front doors
The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are “front doors” for HIV-1 infection in host cells, and their targeting represents a potential solution for a cure. Dudek et al.1 now propose a new gene editing strategy to simultaneously block CCR5- and CXCR4-mediated
Cytoreductive surgery, systemic treatment, genetic evaluation, and patient perspective in a young adult with metastatic renal cell carcinoma
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.
Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with in vivo platelet activation and platelet hyperreactivity.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is associated with obstetrical and long-term cardiovascular complications. While platelet hyperresponsiveness in type-2 diabetes mellitus has been well-characterized and shown to play a crucial role in cardiovascular complications, this aspect has been little studied in GDM.
Protein-truncating variants in BSN are associated with severe adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease
Nature Genetics, Published online: 04 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01694-x Analyses of whole-exome sequencing data identify rare loss-of-function variants in BSN associated with adult-onset obesity, type 2 diabetes and fatty liver disease, with stronger effect sizes than those observed for variants in
[Editorial] Starvation as a weapon of war must stop
The theme of World Health Day on April 7 is ‘my health, my right’, underscoring the UN’s assertion that “every human being is entitled to the enjoyment of the highest attainable standard of health conducive to living a life in
Recruitment and baseline characteristics of young adults at risk of early-onset knee osteoarthritis after ACL reconstruction in the SUPER-Knee trial
Objectives The study aims to (1) report the process of recruiting young adults into a secondary knee osteoarthritis prevention randomised controlled trial (RCT) after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR); (2) determine the number of individuals needed to be screened to
Commercially driven efforts to frame alcohol harms have no place in UK health policy development
There is considerable evidence of the role of commercial actors, particularly harmful commodity producers, and the trade associations and third party organisations they fund, in shaping policy and public discourse to their own ends.12 These actors undermine the adoption of
Umbilical artery eucapnic pH to assess fetal well being
Umbilical artery gas results help obstetricians to assess fetal well being during the course of labor and guide screening decisions on eligibility for therapeutic hypothermia or also know as whole body or head cooling. The accuracy of results, especially base
Identifying regulatory loci across 38 lung cell types
Nature Genetics, Published online: 03 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01701-1 Using single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) of lung tissue, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) were mapped across 38 cell types, revealing both shared and cell-type-specific effects. Highly cell-type-specific disease-interaction eQTLs were linked to cellular
Arrhythmias and cardiac MRI associations in patients with established cardiac dystrophinopathy
Aims Some patients with cardiac dystrophinopathy die suddenly. Whether such deaths are preventable by specific antiarrhythmic management or simply indicate heart failure overwhelming medical therapies is uncertain. The aim of this prospective, cohort study was to describe the occurrence and
APOE loss of function: A genetic shield against Alzheimer’s disease
In this issue of Neuron, Chemparathy et al. provide human genetics data suggesting that APOE loss-of-function mutations may confer resistance to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) without compromising longevity. These data strongly support the APOE toxic gain-of-function hypothesis for AD.
GPs on the brink of industrial action: why they’re taking a stand
It was a resounding “no” in a referendum organised by the BMA, as 99% of GPs voted to reject changes in their national contract for 2024-25.1Among the 19 000 who took part in the vote only 1% voted to accept
Pembrolizumab plus chemoradiotherapy effective in locally advanced cervical cancer
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00889-9 Pembrolizumab plus chemoradiotherapy effective in locally advanced cervical cancer
Proteogenomic insights into early-onset endometrioid endometrial carcinoma: predictors for fertility-sparing therapy response
Nature Genetics, Published online: 02 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41588-024-01703-z This study of Chinese endometrioid endometrial carcinomas describes the proteogenomic differences between early-onset and late-onset tumors, finding that SIGLEC10 mutation may contribute to tumorigenesis and progestin resistance in early cases.
Pleiotropy, epistasis and the genetic architecture of quantitative traits
Nature Reviews Genetics, Published online: 02 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41576-024-00711-3 In this Review, Mackay and Anholt discuss how epistasis and pleiotropy contribute to the genetic architecture of quantitative traits and outline factors that might explain observed differences in their prevalence between
Childhood opportunity and appropriate use of child safety restraints in motor vehicle collisions
Objectives Safety restraints reduce injuries from motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) but are often improperly applied or not used. The Childhood Opportunity Index (COI) reflects social determinants of health and its study in pediatric trauma is limited. We hypothesized that MVC
Judith Campisi (1948–2024)
I think the most important part of science is being prepared to be wrong. —Judith Campisi
Earworms—A Narrative Review of Infectious Music
This Arts and Medicine feature reviews the clinical and neurophysiologic features of earworms, music fragments heard in the mind that repeat over and over as if jammed in playback mode.
RCGP and Faculty of Public Health top climate and health scorecard
The Royal College of General Practitioners and the Faculty of Public Health have jointly topped this year’s climate and health scorecard, an initiative that aims to evaluate what UK health organisations are doing to tackle the climate and ecological emergency
Premature ventricular beats in athletes: to detrain or not to detrain?
Long-term physical activity induces structural, functional and electrical changes in the heart, reflecting adaptive physiological responses to the increased cardiac output during exercise.1 These effects are usually reversible after short detraining periods. Differentiating between exercise-induced cardiac changes and early signs
Uterine isthmus contractions during pregnancy
Focus on device innovation in interventional cardiology and on trials in cardiovascular prevention
Errors in Text and Figure 1
The Original Investigation titled “Varying Doses of Epicutaneous Immunotherapy With Viaskin Milk vs Placebo in Children With Cow’s Milk Allergy: A Randomized Clinical Trial,” published on February 26, 2024, was corrected to fix some typographical errors in the Methods and
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