Hematoloji ve Onkoloji

How nuclear RNA homeostasis impacts cellular functions remains elusive. In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Han et al.1 utilized a controllable protein degradation system targeting EXOSC2 to perturb RNA homeostasis in mouse pluripotent embryonic stem cells, revealing its vital role

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 01 May 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00892-0 Expansion of the utilizable spectrum of light from the visible region to the near-infrared (NIR) window has greatly facilitated the clinical application of optical technologies for cancer imaging and phototherapy.

Abstract The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system for all cancer sites, including gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs), is meant to be dynamic, requiring periodic updates to optimize AJCC staging definitions. This entails the collaboration of experts charged with

A huge global inequality related to cancer is the difference in overall survival of children with cancer in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs; survival rates of <30%) versus those in high-income countries (HICs; survival rates of >80%). The 2018 WHO

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00900-3 Laparoscopic hemihepatectomy is safe and effective

The Lancet’s Breast Cancer Commission, published on April 15, 2024, predicts that by 2040, the global incidence of new cases of breast cancer will be more than 3 million per year, with the greatest rise in low-income and middle-income countries.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00897-9 From AACR 2024

Background: This practice parameter was revised collaboratively by the American College of Radiology (ACR), and the American Radium Society. This practice parameter provides updated reference literature regarding radiation oncology practice and its key personnel. Methods: This practice parameter was developed

Abstract The rising costs of cancer care and subsequent medical financial hardship for cancer survivors and families are well documented in the United States. Less attention has been paid to employment disruptions and loss of household income after a cancer

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 22 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00895-x Certain subsets of patients with multiple myeloma or its precursor conditions are overtreated with current approaches to therapy. Herein, we highlight several key areas where we believe de-escalation of treatment

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00891-1 By combining multiple MRI sequences, each providing different but complementary information about the tumour microenvironment (TME), multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) enables non-invasive assessment of the heterogeneous features of the TME components.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 18 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00893-z ALND can be safely omitted for patients with sentinel-node macrometastases

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00890-2 T cell infiltration in the tumour microenvironment (TME) is a prerequisite for sustained antitumour immune responses. However, identifying predictive biomarkers that quantify T cell infiltration and the presence of proinflammatory

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00886-y The benefit of combining antiangiogenic agents with immune-checkpoint inhibitors has been demonstrated in pivotal phase III trials across different cancer types, some with practice-changing results; however, other phase III trials

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00883-1 Nucleic acid-based therapies offer an alternative to traditional cancer treatment modalities, with promising data beginning to emerge. In this Review, the authors describe the design and development of nucleic acid-based

APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases have emerged as key drivers of mutagenesis in a wide spectrum of tumor types and are now appreciated to play a causal role in driving tumor evolution and drug resistance. As efforts to develop APOBEC3 inhibitors progress,

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

The chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR4 are “front doors” for HIV-1 infection in host cells, and their targeting represents a potential solution for a cure. Dudek et al.1 now propose a new gene editing strategy to simultaneously block CCR5- and CXCR4-mediated

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 April 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00889-9 Pembrolizumab plus chemoradiotherapy effective in locally advanced cervical cancer

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 28 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00881-3 Ovarian cancer, accounting for 4.7% of cancer deaths in women in 2020, remains highly prevalent globally. Nonetheless, owing to changes in environmental exposures, the approach to preventive measures and disease

Background: Diagnosis of malignant pulmonary nodules can greatly reduce the occurrence of lung cancer death, and computed tomography (CT) is commonly used in diagnosis. In addition, tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs) show high specificity and stability. We aim to establish a computable

Blood transfusion is a life-saving intervention for haemorrhage and severe anaemias, and allows safe surgical care and emergency medicine. However, more than half the world’s countries do not have reliable supplies of blood, with an estimated global unmet need of

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00888-w Mirvetuximab soravtansine has activity in platinum-sensitive epithelial ovarian cancer

Greater attention on the disparities in cancer care for individuals with intellectual or developmental disabilities (IDD) is long overdue. A study published in February, 2024, has shown that individuals with IDD are more likely to die from breast, lung, and

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 22 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00887-x A recent study reported the development and validation of the Liver Artificial Intelligence Diagnosis System (LiAIDS), a fully automated system that integrates deep learning for the diagnosis of liver lesions

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00885-z IL-13Rα2-targeted CAR T cells show promise in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 20 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00884-0 A new standard of care for advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00874-2 The development and successful phase III testing of the anti-claudin 18.2 antibody zolbetuximab has provided a novel targeted therapy for the 30–40% of patients with strongly claudin 18.2-positive gastric cancers.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 14 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00876-0 Copper is an essential trace element with inherent redox properties and fundamental roles in a diverse range of biological processes; therefore, maintaining copper homeostasis is crucial. In this Review, the

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 74, Issue 2, Page 123-131, March/April 2024.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 12 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00877-z The benefits and potential harms of mammography-based screening for breast cancer are often a matter of debate. Here, I discuss the promises and limitations of a recent study that tested

Dozens of compounds that rescue tumor-associated mutant p53 have been reported. Xiao et al. perform 10 assays to evaluate effectiveness of the mutant p53-rescue compounds side-by-side but do not detect reliable rescue in any assay for the evaluated compounds, except for

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00880-4 FIRSTMAPPP prospectively charts the efficacy of sunitinib for phaeochromocytoma and paraganglioma

Kastenschmidt et al. present a groundbreaking organoid culture model for follicular lymphoma, which is capable of maintaining stable compositions of B and T cells. This model is utilized in testing bispecific antibodies in effective killing of tumor B cells with the activation

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00879-x Non-inferiority of simple versus radical hysterectomy in low-risk cervical cancer

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 March 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00878-y Pegargiminaseimproves outcomes in nonepithelioid MPM

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00869-z FGFR inhibitors are now approved for use in patients with advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and myeloid or lymphoid neoplasms that harbour certain FGFR alterations. Nonetheless, challenges such as tolerability and

Cutting-edge therapies that alter gene expression or the immune system have transformed the lives of many people with haematological conditions; however, these novel therapies come with a risk of serious adverse events. On Jan 22, 2024, the US Food and

In January, 2024, a new analysis by the Less Survivable Cancers Taskforce found that the UK has some of the worst cancer survival among countries of similar wealth and income. In a ranking of 5-year survival in 33 countries, the

Objectives: Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) and Yttrium-90 (Y90) are among the ablative therapies used as treatment options for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To date, direct comparisons of the 2 modalities’ outcomes and costs are lacking. This study aimed to analyze

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 22 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00875-1 Adjuvant chemotherapy improves OS in UTUC

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00871-5 In 2023, the US FDA approved several new cancer drugs and biologic agents, including seven small-molecule inhibitors, four bispecific T cell engagers, two anti-PD-1 antibodies and one cell therapy product.

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 20 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00863-5 Ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein serine/threonine kinase (ATR) is a mediator of the cellular replication stress response that, upon activation, initiates a cascade of coordinated reactions that ultimately enables DNA

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00873-3 Tabelecleucel is effective in EBV-positive lymphoproliferative disease

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00872-4 KN046 shows tolerability and activity in TNBC

Lavery et al. show that the association between exercise and risk of cancer varied as a function of organ site and amount of exercise. Exercise was also associated with a longevity benefit regardless of a cancer diagnosis or not. This study

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 07 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00859-1 Dendritic cells (DCs) are antigen-presenting cells that function at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, thereby acting as key mediators of antitumour immune responses and immunotherapy efficacy. In this

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 05 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00865-3 Adjuvant sintilimab effective in high-risk HCC

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 01 February 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00867-1 Personalized neoantigen mRNA vaccine mitigates melanoma recurrence

Cell Stem Cell is a stem cell, bioengineering, and regenerative medicine journal. Since its inception at the dawn of the human iPSC era, our North Star has been the power of using stem cells to understand and improve human biology

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 30 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00862-6 The US FDA Accelerated Approval of sotorasib required the sponsor to conduct a randomized trial that compared the safety and efficacy of the approved dose with a lower dose. These

Feb 29 sees the observation of Rare Disease Day, a movement aimed at raising awareness and coordinating efforts globally towards equity in social opportunity, health care, and access to diagnosis and therapies for people living with a rare disease. Launched

Immunotherapy has become one of the most widely used interventions for treating patients with cancer and continues to be a fertile area of research with new targets, drug classes, and combination therapies being discovered regularly. Immunotherapy comprises a wide range

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 26 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00864-4 Repotrectinib effective in ROS1-fusion-positive NSCLC

Background: Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of unintentional weight loss resulting in progressive functional impairment. Knowledge of radiation therapy utilization in patients with cancer cachexia is limited. We evaluated the use of curative and palliative-intent radiation for the management of

Abstract Each year, the American Cancer Society estimates the numbers of new cancer cases and deaths in the United States and compiles the most recent data on population-based cancer occurrence and outcomes using incidence data collected by central cancer registries

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-024-00860-8 Several novel personalized therapies focus on targeting neoantigens. Such strategies require the identification of suitable vaccine neoepitopes or neoantigen-specific T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes. Herein, we discuss a recently published

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 09 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00844-0 Lung cancer is a disease typically associated with tobacco smoking; however, lung cancer in individuals who have never smoked (LCINS) is estimated to be the fifth most common cause of

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00848-w Despite dramatic progress over the past decade, only around 50% of patients with advanced-stage melanoma derive durable benefit from immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and/or BRAF and MEK (BRAF/MEK) inhibitors. Over the

Recent clinical trials for H3K27-altered diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) have shown much promise. We present a consensus roadmap and identify three major barriers: (1) refinement of experimental models to include immune and brain-specific components; (2) collaboration among researchers, clinicians, and

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 05 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00857-9 The FDA approval of perioperative pembrolizumab, an approach that combines neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy with this agent, for patients with early stage non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contradicts its own stated

Abstract The last decade has seen rapid progress in the use of genomic tests, including gene panels, whole-exome sequencing, and whole-genome sequencing, in research and clinical cancer care. These advances have created expansive opportunities to characterize the molecular attributes of

Using an isogenic organoid platform to model pancreatic cancer, Duan et al. establish an important link between mutant KRAS and cholesterol metabolism and identify perhexiline maleate as a possible therapeutic to target this relationship.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 January 2024; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00858-8 Benefit with MRD-guided treatment in CLL

In 2010, Michael Marmot and colleagues published their seminal report, Fair Society, Healthy Lives. Among the many salient conclusions, they noted, “reducing health inequalities is a matter of fairness and social justice” and “action on health inequalities requires action across

Background: Thyroid carcinoma (THCA) is the most common malignant endocrine tumor with low mortality and a relatively good prognosis. Immune genes have attracted much attention as molecular markers of THCA prognosis and potential targets of immunotherapy. Methods: Our study analyzed

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00853-z Through Project Optimus, the FDA calls for radical changes in the design of early phase trials to identify the optimal doses of oncology drugs to achieve maximal efficacy with better

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 20 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00856-w PERSEUS triumphs — efficacy of daratumumab confirmed in transplant-eligible NDMM

On Nov 16, 2023, the UK became the first country to approve a gene therapy based on the innovative CRISPR/Cas9 gene-editing system, exagamglogene autotemcel (exa-cel), which will serve to treat people aged 12 years or older with transfusion-dependent β–thalassaemia or

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00851-1 Mirvetuximab soravtansine superior to chemotherapy in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer

Abstract Pain is one of the most burdensome symptoms in people with cancer, and opioid analgesics are considered the mainstay of cancer pain management. For this review, the authors evaluated the efficacy and toxicities of opioid analgesics compared with placebo,

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 18 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00855-x Neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy is effective in locally advanced cervical cancer

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00842-2 p53, encoded by TP53, the commonest mutated gene in cancer, is an appealing target for systemic anticancer therapies including those designed to restore p53 function. Thus far, and despite promising

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 11 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00845-z Tovorafenib effective against low-grade gliomas harbouring BRAF fusions

There is a critical need for equitable access to cell therapies in cancer treatment, particularly within public safety-net healthcare systems that serve minority and socioeconomically disadvantaged populations. We discuss how the Dan L Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center at Baylor College

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Despite significant strides promoting axon regeneration after spinal cord injury (SCI), meaningful functional recovery remains elusive. Using a combination of approaches, Squair et al.1 elegantly demonstrate that axons damaged after SCI must be reconnected with their natural targets to recover lost

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 December 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00847-x Patients with uncommon EGFR mutations also benefit from first-line osimertinib

Mammographic screening for the detection of breast cancer has been the subject of a divisive debate for more than 20 years. Major arguments against screening have been the frequency of false positive scan results and overdiagnosis. However, with breast cancer

Around 400 000 children and adolescents aged 0–19 years develop cancer each year globally, with overall survival rates varying from approximately 80% in high-income countries to less than 30% in low-income and middle-income countries. Many of these young people are diagnosed

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 24 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00834-2 The current standard-of-care adjuvant treatment for patients with colorectal cancer is chemotherapy selected on the basis of conventional histopathological staging criteria; however, the clinical benefit from these regimens is limited.

No abstract available

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00841-3 Neoadjuvant cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy followed by radical cystectomy with pelvic lymphadenectomy is the current standard therapy for cisplatin-eligible patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). A phase II trial testing treatment

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

With the advances in immunogenomics, the majority of tumor-specific antigens were found to be recognized by T helper cells (THCs). This observation led to the development of long epitope vaccines in various cancers. Mechanistically, we are still gaining a deeper

Abstract Testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most common solid tumor in adolescent and young adult men. Progress in the management of GCT has been made in the last 50 years, with a substantial improvement in cure rates for

Abstract Testicular germ cell tumor (GCT) is the most common solid tumor in adolescent and young adult men. Progress in the management of GCT has been made in the last 50 years, with a substantial improvement in cure rates for

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 09 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00826-2 Patients with advanced-stage urothelial cancer (aUC) continue to have poor long-term survival outcomes. However, developments in the past 5 years, most notably the availability of maintenance therapy with the anti-PD-1

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 6, Page 555-561, November/December 2023.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 03 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00838-y From ESMO 2023: advances in lung cancer

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 03 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00839-x From CHRYSALIS to PAPILLON: the metamorphosis of amivantamab into frontline therapy for NSCLC

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 November 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00836-0 THOR provides new data on the efficacy of erdafitinib

Immune attack by natural killer (NK) cells is a major hurdle for allogeneic off-the-shelf cell therapy, especially when HLA molecules are removed. Gravina et al.1 utilized a membrane-anchored single-chain antibody (scFv) as a synthetic receptor, named “synthetic immune checkpoint engager,” to

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 31 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00835-1 From the ESMO Congress 2023

Hamas terrorists unexpectedly invaded Israel on Oct 7, 2023, in a brutal attack massacring over a thousand Israeli citizens, mostly civilians, injuring thousands more, and abducting many Israeli soldiers and civilians. Israel, now at war, has retaliated to the attack

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 30 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00832-4 Despite some success in patients with certain B cell malignancies and relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma, studies testing chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells in patients with advanced-stage solid tumours

Determining the best diagnostic and treatment pathways for patients with blood clots is a challenge. For patients with suspected pulmonary embolism—where timely diagnosis and treatment are essential but often challenging due to unspecific clinical presentations—there are more than a dozen

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 26 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00825-3 Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is among the most common causes of cancer-related death globally, and despite improvements in prevention and treatment strategies, continued increases in HCC incidence and mortality are predicted.

Abstract The progression of cancer involves a critical step in which malignant cells escape from control by the immune system. Antineoplastic agents are particularly efficient when they succeed in restoring such control (immunosurveillance) or at least establish an equilibrium state

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00833-3 PRO-TECT is a randomized trial that innovatively integrated financial toxicity screening into a pre-existing digital symptom-monitoring programme, enabling longitudinal detection of financial toxicity. Such a strategy provides an unobtrusive and

Background: The primary site and histology of systemic malignancy are known predictors of progression to brain metastases (BM). We investigated the combinational interactions of International Classification of Diseases for Oncology (ICD-O) primary topography and morphology types on the survival of

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00831-5 Projected increases of cancer-attributable health-care costs, accompanied by staff shortages, will impose future economic and operational challenges on national health-care systems. Herein, we highlight a series of clinical and health

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 12 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00823-5 The use of composite end points in clinical trials can expedite drug development and approval, and thus improve patient access to novel treatments, but are often vaguely and heterogeneously defined,

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00829-z Dabrafenib–trametinib moves to the first line in low-grade glioma

Successful implementation of adoptive cell therapy (ACT) of cancer requires comprehensively addressing biological and practical challenges. This approach has been largely overlooked, resulting in a gap between the potential of ACT and its actual effectiveness. We summarize the most promising

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00828-0 Irradiation of asymptomatic bone metastases improves outcomes

Mammals favor healing with scaring over functional tissue regeneration.1 In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Mack et al. use “super-healer” mice to identify cis-regulatory variations that direct regenerative versus fibrotic gene expression in wound fibroblasts and they uncover complement factor

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00827-1 Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-based biomarkers are used for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening in endemic regions. A recent prospective study describes the use of a new serological biomarker, antibodies targeting the EBV

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00819-1 Ovarian carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous tumour type, both spatially and temporally. As a consequence, these carcinomas are often associated with poor outcomes. Ovarian carcinoma comprises various subtypes with distinct

A cancer patient. A cancer case. Common terms, but ones that can have a great impact on patients and their mental health. By using disease-first language such as this, one can dehumanise the patient, equating them with their disease rather

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are a collection of malignancies that often do not cause early symptoms. Therefore, they are generally found by chance during a routine blood test due to abnormal blood cell count, and additional clinical information and pathological tests

Background: Accuracy of tumor bed (TB) delineation is essential for targeting boost doses or partial breast irradiation. Multiple studies have shown high interobserver variability with standardly used surgical clip markers (CMs). We hypothesize that a radiopaque filament marker (FM) woven

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00822-6 Patritumab deruxtecan shows activity in EGFR-mutant NSCLC

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00821-7 In 2023, a decade after granting Accelerated Approval to the first-in-class BTK inhibitor ibrutinib for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, the FDA requested this indication be withdrawn. Herein, we

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00820-8 Dabrafenib–trametinib is effective in paediatric high-grade glioma

The understanding of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) biology has increased dramatically in recent years, but the processes that allow SCLC to progress rapidly remain poorly understood. Here, we advocate the integration of rapid autopsies and preclinical models into SCLC

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00818-2 Sacituzumab govitecan improves OS in heavily pretreated patients

Studying human embryo development, most particularly around the time of implantation, is a challenge, yet it is necessary to improve assisted reproduction techniques. In this issue, Yu et al.1 and Karvas et al.2 improve integrated stem cell models, called blastoids, to model

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00817-3 Early promising results with the novel KRASG12C inhibitor divarasib

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 5, Page 445-447, September/October 2023.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00814-6 Following the recent FDA Accelerated Approval of enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab for patients with advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma who are cisplatin-ineligible, herein we highlight key clinical outcomes with this combination

On Aug 4, 2023, NHS England’s Elective Recovery Taskforce published its implementation plan for tackling the backlog of patients waiting for elective care following the COVID-19 pandemic. Confronting the UK’s backlog is of particular relevance to patients with cancer. Early

Anaemia is the most common blood disorder worldwide, estimated to affect nearly a quarter of people globally. Although this proportion is huge, new estimates from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2021 suggest that the global

Background: Studies on frailty among pediatric patients with cancer are scarce. In this study, we sought to understand the effects of frailty on hospital outcomes in pediatric patients with cancer. Methods: This retrospective study used data collected and stored in

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

No abstract available

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 August 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00808-4 Despite improved outcomes owing to advances in systemic targeted therapies, patients with brain metastases from oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer continue to have a poor prognosis. This situation largely reflects the

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 August 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00811-9 In oncology, mRNA–lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been used either to achieve intratumoural expression of immune-stimulating cytokine combinations or as cancer vaccines, and new strategies are in development to enable the

Chromophobe renal cell carcinoma (ChRCC) is the second most common variant histology RCC. ChRCC is distinct from clear cell RCC (ccRCC) in terms of genetics, genomics, metabolism, cell of origin, and response to targeted and immune therapies. The pathogenesis of

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 August 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00812-8 Novel ICI–TKI combination improves HCC outcomes

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Yoo et al.1 report that replacing Trem2 knockout microglia with Trem2 wild-type microglia-like cells derived from systemically transplanted hematopoietic cells rectifies microglial dysfunction in a mouse model of amyloidosis. These findings highlight the potential

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

Cases of skin cancer in the UK are at a record high, according to a Cancer Research UK (London, UK) report published on July 7, 2023. Approximately 17 500 people are diagnosed with skin cancer every year, and this number is

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

Sickle cell disease has remained neglected in the global health agenda for decades, even though WHO declared it a public health priority in 2006. Often disregarded as a rare genetic disease, sickle cell disease is a life-threatening condition that affects

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 28 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00810-w Adjuvant nivolumab shows promise in MCC

No abstract available

Abstract Salivary gland cancers are a rare, histologically diverse group of tumors. They range from indolent to aggressive and can cause significant morbidity and mortality. Surgical resection remains the mainstay of treatment, but radiation and systemic therapy are also critical

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00807-5 BRAF plus MEK inhibition effective in papillary craniopharyngioma

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 24 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00803-9 Advances over the past decade have established a prominent role of the gut microbiota in the modulation of immune homeostasis and function, including in patients with cancer receiving immune-checkpoint inhibitors.

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 4, Page 346-352, July/August 2023.

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 4, Page 346-352, July/August 2023.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00806-6 Platinum-ineligible: atezolizumab preferable

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00805-7 Crossover in a randomized trial can skew the interpretation of the efficacy of a cancer drug. In this Comment, I use examples from clinical trials presented at the 2023 ASCO

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 11 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00801-x A recent report from the ATLAS trial comparing different maintenance strategies following haematopoeitic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma provides an opportunity to explore various themes of critical appraisal, including

Studies have established immunochemotherapy as the first-line treatment for advanced esophageal cancer. Chen et al. and Carrol et al. performed exploratory analysis of the JUPITER-06 and LUD2015-005 trials, respectively and identified biomarkers to predict therapy response based on immunogenomic analysis. These findings

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 July 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00797-4 Planning for a pregnancy in patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy following a diagnosis of hormone receptor (HR)-positive early stage breast cancer is challenging. Recent data from the POSITIVE trial provide

In this issue, Lazaro et al.1 use iPSC-derived presomitic mesoderm cells to analyze the oscillatory expression of somitic clock genes. Comparison of a wide range of species, including mouse, rabbit, cattle, rhinoceros, human, and marmoset, demonstrates an excellent correlation between biochemical

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 4, Page 346-352, July/August 2023.

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, Volume 73, Issue 4, Page 346-352, July/August 2023.

Germline genetic testing for pathogenic mutations in people diagnosed with cancer is recommended for several cancer types and has been shown to have a positive effect on survival. The US NCCN guidelines recommend that all, or a high proportion of,

Burnout has been defined as a syndrome of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and a sense of low personal accomplishment, leading to decreased effectiveness at work. It is an issue which is affecting health-care systems around the world. Burnout in physicians, which

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 29 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00800-y New anti-angiogenic option for mCRC

No abstract available

Abstract The standard for cancer staging in the United States for all cancer sites, including primary carcinomas of the appendix, is the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging system. AJCC staging criteria undergo periodic revisions, led by a panel

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 26 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00796-5 Telemedicine represents the practical embodiment of patient-centred oncology care, a concept that has become increasingly popular in the past few years. Yet despite the demonstrated benefits of telemedicine, its longitudinal

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 23 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00795-6 COSMIC-313 combines all of the approved drugs against actionable targets in renal cell carcinoma into one triplet regimen. Although this approach has greater clinical efficacy than one of the standard-of-care

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Abstract Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is characterized by rapid growth and high metastatic capacity. It has strong epidemiologic and biologic links to tobacco carcinogens. Although the majority of SCLCs exhibit neuroendocrine features, an important subset of tumors lacks these

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00789-4 Immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and other immunotherapies have revolutionized the treatment of patients with cancer. Nonetheless, most patients do not derive durable benefit, indicating a need for biomarkers to guide treatment

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 14 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00792-9 From ASCO 2023

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 13 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00793-8 Second-line axi-cel improves overall survival

The Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST)-based outcomes, such as objective response rate (ORR) or progression free survival (PFS), are standard outcomes for early oncology trials. These indices provide a black-and-white interpretation of response to therapy. We propose that

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 09 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00783-w Advances in technology have enabled the development of several novel antibody–drug conjugates (ADCs) with encouraging clinical activity in patients with advanced-stage solid tumours. Indications for these therapies are expanding rapidly

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00782-x Radiotherapy has several key attributes that make it an attractive combination partner for immunotherapy; however, numerous clinical trials investigating the combination of these two treatment modalities have failed to demonstrate

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00781-y The authors of this Perspective propose that, with further improvement in detection efficiency, circulating tumour cells (CTCs), which are released early during cancer development, have the potential to be used

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 01 June 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00767-w Long-term survival rates of patients with gastric cancer remain low, particularly in Western countries. This lack of progress, among other aspects, is likely to reflect a focus on empirical approaches

In this issue of Cell Stem Cell, Beziaud et al. show that immunotherapy induces stem-like properties in models of breast cancer. Strikingly, T-cell-derived IFNγ promotes cancer stem cell (CSC) phenotypes, therapy resistance, and metastasis. Targeting BCAT1 downstream offers promise for enhancing

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 31 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00788-5 The FDA Accelerated Approval pathway, which has been pivotal in enabling early access to new oncology drugs over the past three decades, has recently come under increased scrutiny. New draft

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) has evolved substantially since it was founded in the 1950s, rapidly outpacing expectations with capabilities that are already affecting the way we live and work. ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer), a complex machine learning

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 30 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00787-6 Newly diagnosed AML: quizartinib improves OS

People who donate blood help to save millions of peoples’ lives every year. This altruistic act is celebrated annually on June 14th during World Blood Donor Day, on the anniversary of Karl Landsteiner’s birth, who was awarded the Nobel Prize

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 26 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00786-7 Venetoclax–obinutuzumab combinations are effective in fit patients with CLL

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00776-9 The effective management of treatment-related events remains an unmet need in oncology. The authors of this Review discuss the underlying biological mechanisms, risk factors, most commonly used pharmacological and non-pharmacological

CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, EarlyView.

Objectives: Consent is a communication process between the patient and a health care provider, in which both parties have the opportunity to ask questions and exchange information relevant to the patient’s diagnosis and treatment. The process of informed consent is

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 23 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00774-x Dysregulation of N6-methyladenosine (m6A), the most prevalent internal modification in eukaryotic mRNA, is common in various cancer types. The authors of this Review provide an overview of the mechanisms of

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 17 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00784-9 SUNLIGHT illuminates the activity of bevacizumab

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 15 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00770-1 Cholangiocarcinoma is a malignancy that continues to be associated with a dismal prognosis, and a better understanding of the disease biology is required to improve early detection and treatment strategies.

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 12 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00779-6 T-DXd is effective after T-DM1

Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 11 May 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00778-7 ROAR brings in a new histology-agnostic approval for rare cancers

Abstract Increased attention to the rehabilitation needs of children with cancer is vital to enhance health, quality-of-life, and productivity outcomes. Among adults with cancer, rehabilitation recommendations are frequently incorporated into guidelines, but the extent to which recommendations exist for children

Huang et al. propose that a tumor-only calculation of tumor mutational burden (TMB), which leverages algorithmic filtering of germline variants, maintains clinical validity across ancestries without necessitating germline sequencing.